Deck 3: Cells

Question 1

Which cellular structure helps sweep particles along a path?

A) Microvilli
B) Flagella
C) Lysosomes
D) Cilia

Answer 1

D

Question 2

What important task occurs in the nucleolus?

A) The manufacture of DNA
B) The secretion of cytoplasm
C) The manufacture of ribosomes
D) The production of glucose

Answer 2

C

Question 3

What determines genetic code?

A) The types of nitrogenous bases in the DNA molecule
B) The type of sugar in the DNA molecule
C) The sequence of nitrogenous bases in the DNA molecule
D) The types of protein in the DNA molecule

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Based on your understanding of osmolarity and tonicity,which type of intravenous fluid would you expect most patients to receive?

A) Isotonic
B) Hypertonic
C) Hypotonic
D) Equitonic

Question 5

Which body process makes use of the sodium-potassium pump?

A) The movement of mucus and foreign particles from the lungs
B) The movement of water and dissolved substances out of capillaries and into surrounding tissue
C) The creation of electrical potential for nerve conduction
D) The absorption of nutrients in the intestines

Question 6

The chromosomes of a cell divide during which phase of mitosis?

A) Prophase
B) Anaphase
C) Metaphase
D) Telophase

Question 7

Facilitated diffusion depends on which structure?

A) Vesicles
B) Protein molecule in the cell membrane
C) Cholesterol molecule in the cell membrane
D) Gaps in capillary walls

Question 8

Which of the following is one of the roles served by proteins in the plasma membrane?

A) They strengthen the cell membrane.
B) They make the cell membrane impervious to water and solutes.
C) They serve as receptors for chemicals or hormones.
D) They attach to cholesterol to create identifying markers.

Question 9

Chromosomes form during which phase of mitosis?

A) Anaphase
B) Metaphase
C) Telophase
D) Prophase

Question 10

Which statement about the plasma membrane is true?

A) Phospholipids in the plasma membrane are stationary.
B) Cholesterol helps keep the plasma membrane pliable.
C) Proteins embedded in the cell wall act as channels.
D) The plasma membrane forms a barrier to prevent the infusion of water and solutes.

Question 11

What is the network of membranous canals and curving sacs that extend throughout the cytoplasm called?

A) Endoplasmic reticulum
B) Golgi apparatus
C) Mitochondria
D) Chromatin

Question 12

How does the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum serve its purpose?

A) Its flattened sacs allow it to store protein.
B) Its membranous canals and curving sacs keep the plasma membrane from collapsing.
C) Its network of canals allows proteins to move toward the Golgi apparatus.
D) Its membranous vesicles contain various enzymes.

Question 13

Nucleotides consist of one of four types of:

A) sugar.
B) phosphate groups.
C) nitrogenous bases.
D) proteins.

Question 14

Threadlike structures composed of DNA and protein that fill a cell's nucleus are called

A) chromosomes.
B) chromatin.
C) ribosomes.
D) organelles.

Question 15

Water pressure that develops in a solution as a result of osmosis is called

A) a concentration gradient.
B) equilibrium.
C) osmotic pressure.
D) tonicity.

Question 16

Based on their function,where would you expect microvilli to be located in the body?

A) Digestive tract
B) Respiratory tract
C) Flagella
D) Fallopian tubes

Question 17

RNA differs from DNA in that it:

A) is a single strand.
B) contains the sugar deoxyribose.
C) contains the base thymine instead of uracil.
D) does not contain a phosphate.

Question 18

Which statement most accurately describes the action of the sodium-potassium pump?

A) The sodium-potassium pump works to transfer sodium from inside to outside the cell while transferring potassium from outside to inside the cell.
B) The sodium-potassium pump works to transfer sodium from outside to inside the cell while transferring potassium from inside to outside the cell.
C) The sodium-potassium pump pumps both sodium and potassium from inside to outside the cell.
D) The sodium-potassium pump pumps both sodium and potassium from outside to inside the cell.

Question 19

Which substance forms the bulk of the plasma membrane?

A) Protein
B) Cholesterol
C) Phospholipids
D) Glucose

Question 20

What force drives the process of filtration in the body's capillaries?

A) The pressure of solutes inside the capillaries.
B) The pressure of blood inside the capillaries.
C) The pressure of solutes outside the capillaries.
D) The pressure of fluid outside the capillaries.

Question 21

The building blocks of DNA are millions of pairs of ____________________.

Question 22

The difference in concentration of a substance from one point to another is called a ____________________.

Question 23

The gel-like substance that surrounds the nucleus of the cell and contains organelles is called ____________________.

Question 24

The ____________________ is the cell's control center.

Question 25

The process whereby a cell splits into two identical daughter cells is called ____________________.

Question 26

The ____________________ molecule stores all of a cell's genetic information.

Question 27

The cell's protein-producing structures are called ____________________.

Question 28

The process whereby RNA makes a copy of a strand of DNA is called ____________________.

Question 29

A cell's shape is determined by its ____________________.

Question 30

Filtration occurs because of differences in ____________________ on either side of a membrane.