Deck 13: The Use of Force

Question 1

The application of an amount and/or frequency of force greater than required to compel compliance is known as

A)Excessive force
B)Unreasonable force
C)Maximal force
D)Culpable force

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What is a gratuity and why would it be considered a slippery slope?

Answer 2

Gratuities occur when officers accept something of value freely given,simply because they are police officers.A person who simply gives a gift to a police officer may not expect anything in return,but there is always the possibility that it could appear otherwise.It could also be argued that,although some gratuities are very small,it begins a process of accepting more.It also contributes to perceptions of "fee-for-service" or corruption.

Question 3

If gaining a suspect's compliance requires the use of strong directive language or minimal force by the police officer,it is likely that the suspect offered

A)No resistance
B)Slight resistance
C)Moderate or high resistance
D)Violent or explosive resistance

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Which of these actions is NOT generally considered to be an option in the use of force continuum?

A)Threatening with or using chemical or pepper spray
B)Threatening with or using a gun
C)Threatening with or using waterboarding
D)Threatening with or using a baton

Question 5

Define and describe straightforward corruption.Provide an example.

Question 6

Describe two types of sexual misconduct.

Question 7

What was the historical "fleeing felon rule"?

A)It said that officers could use deadly force against any felon who tried to flee
B)It said that officers could only use deadly force against a felon who resisted,not one who fled
C)It said that officers could use their discretion when dealing with a fleeing felon
D)It said that officers should assess the threat a felon posed to them or the public

Question 8

Describe the first-page test and provide a question that would be an example.

Question 9

A range of options that involve lesser to greater amounts of officer force are known as a

A)Force list
B)Force range
C)Force continuum
D)Force description

Question 10

How does female officers' approach to force differ from male officers' approach?

A)Female officers are less likely to use physical force
B)Female officers are more likely to use chemical weapons
C)Female officers are less likely to use firearms
D)All of the above

Question 11

Compare and contrast the rotten apple theory and environmental factors.

Question 12

The following ruling came about due to which court case? "Use of deadly force to prevent the escape of all felony suspects,whatever the circumstances,is constitutionally unreasonable."

A)The case of Rodney King
B)Tennessee v.Garner
C)Scott v Harris
D)Miranda v.Arizona

Question 13

What was the purpose behind the Wickersham and Knapp Commissions? Describe two of the five types of police behaviors that were identified since the Knapp Commission.

Question 14

The behavior of problem police officers

A)May result in a number of citizen complaints
B)Is best characterized as criminal
C)Often includes harassing other officers
D)Is best characterized as childish

Question 15

Describe the typologies of police deviance proposed by scholars.

Question 16

If an officer forcibly subdued a subject,it would be expected that the officer used

A)Typical verbal commands or strong directive language
B)Minimal physical force or force combined with commands
C)Hands,chemical agents,baton,gun,or other special tactics or weapons
D)Lethal or deadly force (even if the suspect was not killed)

Question 17

The decision of Graham v.Connor requires examinations of excessive nondeadly force to be judged by which amendment?

A)The Fourth Amendment
B)The Fifth Amendment
C)The Seventh Amendment
D)The Ninth Amendment

Question 18

When individuals commit suicide by cop

A)They have already determined that they want to end their lives
B)They engage in behavior that provokes officers to use deadly force
C)They may threaten officers with deadly force themselves
D)All of the above

Question 19

The use of physical restraint by a police officer when dealing with a member of the public is called

A)Display of force
B)Act of force
C)Demonstration of force
D)Use of force

Question 20

The force factor is

A)The standard amount of force that should be used in any situation
B)The level of force used by the police relative to the suspect's resistance
C)One of seven factors used to judge a use-of-force incident
D)The main cause of injuries to both police and suspects

Question 21

What is the third degree?

A)When a suspect is hogtied and doused with pepper spray
B)When a suspect is has force used upon him/her prior questioning
C)When a suspect is subjected to a verbal or psychological abuse
D)When a suspect is assailed with psychological pressure and physical force

Question 22

When the police initiate contact with a citizen,officers are less likely to use force.

Question 23

The Supreme Court said that,when judging whether the use of nondeadly force is excessive,one should

A)Consider the situation using 20/20 hindsight
B)Judge from the perspective of a reasonable officer on the scene
C)Base judgement on the testimony of all eyewitnesses
D)Give special weight to the testimony of the victim of the force

Question 24

Relatively few police officers ever fire their weapons at suspects during the course of their careers.

Question 25

Oleoresin capsicum is also known as

A)Pepper spray
B)A Combined Tactical System (CTS)
C)A Conducted Energy Device (CED)
D)Mace

Question 26

When were less-lethal weapons introduced into American law enforcement?

A)1974
B)1987
C)1995
D)2001

Question 27

What happens if impact munitions are used from an inappropriate distance?

A)The mechanism jams or malfunctions
B)They may injure the officer using them
C)They may be ineffective or deadly
D)The officer is at greater risk from the suspect

Question 28

The level of force that officers use is closely linked to the type of training used in their department.

Question 29

Which of the following is NOT one of the three factors that,according to the Supreme Court,should be used to decide what a reasonable officer would do?

A)The weather and visibility
B)The severity of the crime
C)Whether the suspect is resisting or attempting to flee
D)Whether the suspect poses a threat

Question 30

When can officers be considered verbally abusive?

A)When they use a harsh tone and commands instead of requests
B)When they use swear words or profane language
C)When they say anything that goes beyond standards of acceptability
D)When they speak loudly and insistently

Question 31

Since the U.S.Supreme Court's Miranda

A)More suspects have confessed willingly
B)Police have more latitude in seeking a confession
C)Police have a more difficult time securing confessions
D)Police are not required to seek a confession

Question 32

Any use of force by police officers can be considered excessive force.

Question 33

Which of the following was developed in response to the realization that less-lethal techniques created a greater risk for officers?

A)Lethal techniques that require close proximity
B)Lethal techniques that do not require close proximity
C)Less-lethal techniques that require close proximity
D)Less-lethal techniques that do not require close proximity

Question 34

Less-lethal weapons are designed to do all of the following EXCEPT

A)Disable a suspect
B)Capture a suspect
C)Immobilize a suspect
D)Kill a suspect

Question 35

Police officers are trained to use only the level of force required by the situation.

Question 36

What a bystander thinks is police brutality may actually reflect department policy in response to a resistant suspect.

Question 37

In the legal standard for determining the threat a suspect poses and whether to use deadly force,the suspect's past conduct is not universally accepted as an appropriate consideration.

Question 38

In most cases in which officers use force,they do so without using any sort of weapon.

Question 39

Both the law and public opinion generally condemn the use of excessive force by police officers.

Question 40

Which of the following is NOT a category of suicide by cop?

A)Individuals cannot comply with police commands and die as a result
B)Suicidal individuals attack police officers in order to die
C)Individuals use police intervention in their suicide attempt in order to die
D)Criminal suspects prefer death to capture and arrest

Question 41

The group that studied the structure and operation of the LAPD and found "repeat offenders" in the area of excessive force was known as the ________ Commission.

Question 42

According to the federal deadly force policy,agents may only use deadly force in defense of life: the suspect's,the agent's,or others'.

Question 43

Force capable of killing a suspect is called ________ force.

Question 44

Suicide by cop can have serious consequences for the officers involved.

Question 45

Physical grips on the suspect's body that are intended to direct the suspect when and where to move,not to cause pain,are known as ________ grips.

Question 46

In a suicide by cop situation,one suggested approach is to contain the area but not make the containment too tight,which might precipitate a deadly confrontation with the suicidal individual.

Question 47

FBI agents are encouraged to try to disable moving vehicles to prevent serious damage or death.

Question 48

FBI agents are encouraged to fire warning shots.

Question 49

________ techniques are techniques to control a suspect that involve physical contact or the use of chemical spray or stunning weapons.

Question 50

Police officers who have used their weapons may be dogged by depression and despair.

Question 51

Less-lethal weapons are incapable of deadly force.

Question 52

It is easy to distinguish psychological pressure from abuse.

Question 53

Legal abuse is defined as any violation of a person's constitutional,federally protected,or state-protected rights.

Question 54

When an officer does nothing more than be present in a place,this is considered the minimal level of force and is called ________ presence.

Question 55

________ is an officer's use of persuasive speech without any other techniques.

Question 56

Changes came to the Los Angeles Police Department after the beating of Rodney ________.

Question 57

Techniques that seek a suspect's compliance by causing temporary pain without inflicting any lasting physical injury are called ________ compliance techniques.

Question 58

People have died from being sprayed with pepper spray.

Question 59

TASERs have three modes: probe,touch stun,and distance stun.

Question 60

A(n)________ voice is when an officer gives orders,rather than making requests,and speaks in a more vibrant voice.

Question 61

Distinguish between use of excessive force,excessive use of force,and illegal use of force.

Question 62

A TASER is an example of a(n)________ energy device,a class of less -lethal weapons.

Question 63

Summarize the suggested management of suicide by cop situations.

Question 64

Explain the relationship between suspect action and officer response in the use-of-force continuum.

Question 65

________ force is force that is unlikely to cause death or significant bodily harm.

Question 66

Why would it be more difficult to draw clear limits for verbal and psychologically charged interactions with suspects than for physical force?

Question 67

Suggest a reason for each of the five recommendations by the Police Executive Research Forum for the safe use of conducted energy devices.

Question 68

Analyze the federal deadly force policy as adopted by the FBI.What questions does it raise for you?

Question 69

When a suspect experiences an overdose of adrenaline during a heated confrontation with the police,the suspect's condition is referred to as excited ________.

Question 70

In Tennessee v.________,the U.S.Supreme Court specified conditions under which deadly force can be used.

Question 71

Following the deadly siege of the Branch Davidian compound at Waco,Texas,in 1995 and the assault on Ruby Ridge,Idaho,in 1992,a new standard of ________ danger was adopted for federal agents.

Question 72

Excessive physical assaults that likely result in injury or even possible death are physical ________.