Deck 31: Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

Question 1

Which of the following will occur in response to global warming?

A)Sea levels will fall.
B)Animal species will migrate to higher elevations.
C)Floods will become less intense.
D)There will be a rapid increase in biodiversity.

Answer 1

Animal species will migrate to higher elevations.

Question 2

According to the text,global warming effects do include

A)increased hurricanes and heat waves.
B)less melting snow and glaciers for rivers during dry seasons.
C)thickening polar ice caps.
D)grazing lands turning into desert.

Answer 2

thickening polar ice caps.

Question 3

According to the text,a global environmental disaster is being caused by

A)the spread of diseases.
B)deforestation.
C)increasing consumption.
D)both increasing population and consumption.

Answer 3

both increasing population and consumption.

Question 4

Which of the following is a greenhouse gas?

A)oxygen
B)nitrogen
C)methane
D)argon

Question 5

Which of the following statements would be true if the world were warming?

A)There would be an equal number of record-breaking high and low temperatures.
B)Animals would prefer to migrate to higher elevations.
C)Sea levels would rise to a large extent.
D)There would be an equal amount of methane and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Question 6

Technological advances will help sustain the planet through

A)reduced cost of fossil fuels.
B)increased consumption of resources.
C)less waste.
D)greater availability of goods.

Question 7

A source of hope for a sustainable future is

A)increasing technological efficiency and agricultural productivity.
B)moderating consumption.
C)decreasing population.
D)All of the answers are correct.

Question 8

Policies that would curb individual consumption require

A)further research.
B)political acts supported by public attitudes.
C)a one-world economy.
D)dictatorial governance.

Question 9

There is now strong evidence that significant global warming

A)is a marginal threat.
B)is not scientifically proven.
C)is occurring.
D)has not started yet.

Question 10

Support for new energy policies that aim to prevent global warming call for an enlarged identity in which people

A)appreciate human independence by thinking "me" instead of "we."
B)see humanity as part of nature.
C)see nature as having extrinsic value.
D)value the present over the future.

Question 11

Those who are optimistic about the future see all of the following as ways to sustain our lifestyle

A)moderating consumption.
B)increasing technological efficiency.
C)increasing population.
D)increasing agricultural productivity.

Question 12

In 1960,the Earth carried 3 billion people and 127 million motor vehicles.Today,with more than _____ people,it has more than _____ motor vehicles.

A)4 billion; 10 billion
B)5 billion; 7 billion
C)5 billion; 5 billion
D)7 billion; 1 billion

Question 13

A source of hope for a sustainable future is

A)cloning.
B)reduced consumption.
C)moderating global temperatures.
D)high birth rates in technologically advanced countries.

Question 14

Which of the following is an evidence that verifies climate change?

A)A warming greenhouse gas blanket is growing.
B)Random weather variations are producing equal numbers of record-breaking high and low temperatures.
C)Animals are migrating to lower elevations.
D)The sea levels are falling.

Question 15

Myers noted that changing the consumption levels among rich nations requires

A)stronger and stricter laws.
B)a major catastrophe to occur first.
C)a worldwide natural disaster or plague.
D)a shift in public consciousness similar to the civil rights and women's movements.

Question 16

Which of the following is one way to reduce individual consumption?

A)increasing income tax
B)regulating birth rates
C)providing incentives for conservation behaviors
D)creating a one-world economy

Question 17

In developing nations where food security has improved and women have become educated and empowered,birth rates have

A)dropped.
B)increased.
C)stabilized.
D)continued to double each year.

Question 18

Increased consumption of coal and oil to generate electricity has contributed to

A)a rise in sea levels.
B)the polarization of the ionosphere.
C)earthquakes becoming less common.
D)decreased birth rates in industrialized nations.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true in the context of applying social psychology's principles to overcome misinformation about climate change?

A)People respond more to straight facts than to vivid imagery.
B)Republican-leaning audience will respond most effectively to information about climate effects on the world's poor.
C)People are more open to messengers whose identities are like their own.
D)People respond more to threats that are far in place and time.

Question 20

The Earth is being assaulted by a "double whammy" that includes

A)high inflation and high taxes.
B)more people and colder climates.
C)more people and greater consumption.
D)fewer people and greater consumption.

Question 21

Social comparison is

A)evaluating one's abilities and opinions by comparing oneself with others.
B)our tendency to compare a given level of stimulation with an earlier level.
C)a tendency to adapt to social events.
D)often used to recalibrate adaptation levels.

Question 22

Research suggests that all of the following enhance life quality

A)faith communities.
B)positive thinking habits.
C)experiencing nature.
D)having many friends,regardless of the depth of the relationship.

Question 23

Steve strives for intimacy,personal growth,and ways to contribute to his community,whereas Ben works at "getting ahead" financially.In all likelihood,

A)they will be equally happy.
B)Steve will be happier.
C)Ben will be happier.
D)we cannot predict who will be happier.

Question 24

Joseph has just received a 5 percent increase in his salary.However,after learning that his coworkers have all received 10 percent increases,Joseph becomes upset with his employer and dissatisfied with his raise.We can understand Joseph's feelings in terms of

A)relative deprivation.
B)the adaptation-level phenomenon.
C)Parkinson's second law.
D)the hydraulic model of aggression.

Question 25

_____ agree that money buys happiness,whereas _____ agree that a little more money will make one a little happier.

A)Most; few
B)All; none
C)Few; many
D)None; all

Question 26

For today's collegians,the goal of _____ has been at the top of their list in recent years.

A)developing a meaningful philosophy of life
B)becoming very well off financially
C)helping others in difficulty
D)becoming an authority in their own field

Question 27

According to the _____,feelings of success,failure,satisfaction,and dissatisfaction are relative to prior experiences.

A)relative attainment hypothesis
B)achievement motivation syndrome
C)social prestige principle
D)adaptation-level phenomenon

Question 28

Tina,a single mom who is just making ends meet,feels most dissatisfied with her current material circumstances after watching an episode of .Her feelings are best understood in terms of

A)the adaptation-level phenomenon.
B)reactance theory.
C)relative deprivation.
D)downward social comparison.

Question 29

Csikszentmihalyi refers to the state wherein we are unselfconsciously absorbed in a mindful challenge as

A)positive psychology.
B)unconditional positive regard.
C)flow.
D)individual hypnosis.

Question 30

Myers reported that lottery winners typically gain _____ from their winnings.

A)long-lasting happiness
B)a temporary jolt of joy
C)anxiety over their new freedom
D)a mixture of happiness and anxiety

Question 31

Among entering collegians,the proportion considering it "very important or essential" that they become "very well off financially" _____ between 1970 and 2012.

A)declined
B)rose slightly
C)remained stable
D)rose dramatically

Question 32

A 65-degree day seems warm in February but cold in July.This is best explained in terms of

A)relative deprivation.
B)the adaptation-level phenomenon.
C)displacement.
D)Parkinson's second law.

Question 33

Rising affluence in the United States has not produced increased happiness because

A)we discount our belongings.
B)there's always someone richer.
C)growth is not good.
D)of greater health problems among baby boomers.

Question 34

The tendency to adapt to a given level of stimulation and thus notice and react to changes from that level defines

A)social comparison.
B)the adaptation-level phenomenon.
C)relative deprivation.
D)Parkinson's second law.

Question 35

People with more money

A)perceive more control over their lives.
B)have a higher stress level.
C)are less happy in poor countries.
D)are more likely to reduce their consumption.

Question 36

Donna has been short of money and worried about her job security.Yesterday,she was surprised to find she was being promoted and given a 10 percent raise.The adaptation-level phenomenon suggests that she will

A)soon be worried again about her finances.
B)have much better self-esteem from now on.
C)behave much less aggressively from now on.
D)be a much more ambitious,achievement-oriented worker now that she sees that her past behavior has paid off.

Question 37

The fact that affluent people often feel as frustrated as those who have less can be understood in terms of

A)relative deprivation.
B)Parkinson's second law.
C)displacement.
D)the adaptation-level phenomenon.

Question 38

Relative deprivation is frequently the result of

A)upward social comparison.
B)downward social comparison.
C)Parkinson's second law.
D)the adaptation-level phenomenon.

Question 39

The top-rated objective among entering collegians today is

A)raising a family.
B)helping others in difficulty.
C)finding fulfilling work.
D)being very well off financially.