Question 1

Triplett conducted one of social psychology's first laboratory experiments by asking children to wind string on a fishing reel.The results of the study indicated that there was a _____ relationship between the speed at which the children wound the reel and the presence of other children.

A)positive
B)negative
C)neutral
D)curvilinear

positive

Accepted Answer

Triplett's study found that children wound the reel faster in the presence of other children, indicating a positive relationship between performance on a simple task and the presence of peers, a phenomenon later termed social facilitation.

Question 2

Glenn Sanders,Robert Baron,and Danny Moore theorized that there exists a conflict between paying attention to others and paying attention to the task at hand.This is known as&#10;A)the fundamental attribution error.&#10;B)social distortion.&#10;C)driven by distraction.&#10;D)regression toward the average.

Accepted Answer

The theory proposed by Glenn Sanders, Robert Baron, and Danny Moore is known as "driven by distraction," which suggests that the presence of others can create a conflict between focusing on the task and paying attention to the people around, potentially affecting performance.

Question 3

_____ refers to the strengthening of dominant responses in the presence of others.&#10;A)The groupthink effect&#10;B)Social facilitation&#10;C)Social loafing&#10;D)Deindividuation

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation is the phenomenon where the presence of others can enhance an individual's performance on a task, specifically on simple or well-practiced tasks. In contrast, the other options refer to negative effects of group situations such as groupthink, social loafing, and deindividuation.

Question 4

According to the social facilitation effect,athletes perform _____ when energized by the responses of a supportive audience.&#10;A)much worse&#10;B)best&#10;C)slightly worse&#10;D)better at unlearned tasks

Accepted Answer

According to the social facilitation effect, the presence of a supportive audience can increase arousal and improve performance on well-learned tasks, such as those performed by athletes who have extensively trained and rehearsed their skills. Therefore, athletes are most likely to perform best when energized by the responses of a supportive audience.

Question 5

Consistent with the social facilitation effect,Michaels and his colleagues (1982)found that when good pool players were observed,they did _____ when they did not know they were being observed.&#10;A)much worse than&#10;B)better than&#10;C)the same as&#10;D)slightly worse than

Accepted Answer

The social facilitation effect suggests that the presence of others can enhance performance on simple or well-learned tasks, but hinder performance on complex or novel tasks. Pool playing is generally considered a well-learned task, so the presence of others should enhance performance. Therefore, the good pool players should perform better when observed compared to when they are not observed. Thus, choice B is the best option.

Question 6

Increased arousal enhances performance&#10;A)only on easy tasks.&#10;B)only on complex tasks.&#10;C)on dominant responses.&#10;D)on all responses.

Accepted Answer

The Yerkes-Dodson law states that moderate arousal levels lead to optimal performance, but too much or too little arousal can decrease performance. This effect is particularly strong for dominant responses, which are responses that are most likely to occur in a given situation. Therefore, increased arousal enhances performance on dominant responses, but may actually impair performance on non-dominant responses.

Question 7

You have noticed that when you are at the gym your exercise routine is not affected by the number of people at the gym.However,it does get affected when other people are watching you exercise.This pattern in your behavior is what social psychologists call

A)social facilitation.
B)mere presence.
C)evaluation apprehension.
D)social loafing.

Accepted Answer

Evaluation apprehension refers to a phenomenon where an individual's performance is influenced by their belief that others are evaluating them. This is different from social facilitation, which refers to an individual's tendency to perform better in the presence of others, regardless of whether they are being watched or not. Mere presence refers to the simple fact of another person being present, which can also affect behavior. Social loafing refers to an individual's tendency to put in less effort when working as part of a group, as compared to when working alone. None of the other options accurately describe the described behavior.

Question 8

On exam day,a student you do not know sits next to you.This person is best described as a(n)&#10;A)confederate.&#10;B)coactor.&#10;C)ingroup member.&#10;D)comrade.

Accepted Answer

A coactor is someone who is working with you in a common task or project, such as taking an exam. A confederate is a research term used to describe someone who is working with the experimenter in a study, and an ingroup member and comrade are terms used to describe someone who is part of your social group, which may not apply in this situation.

Question 9

The tendency for people to perform simple or well-learned tasks better when others are present is known as&#10;A)the groupthink effect.&#10;B)social facilitation.&#10;C)social loafing.&#10;D)deindividuation.

Accepted Answer

Social facilitation is the tendency for people to perform better on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others. This phenomenon has been observed in a variety of settings, from sports events to academic settings. It is thought to occur because the presence of others increases arousal, which can improve performance on simple or well-learned tasks but hinder performance on complex or novel tasks. Groupthink is the tendency for group members to conform to a consensus view and suppress dissenting opinions, while social loafing is the tendency for individuals to put forth less effort when working in a group. Deindividuation refers to a loss of a sense of individual identity and accountability that can occur in group settings.

Question 10

Triplett conducted one of social psychology's first laboratory experiments by asking children to wind string on a fishing reel.The results of the study indicated that there was a positive relationship between the speed at which the children wound the reel and the presence of other children.This effect of others' presence is known as

A)the groupthink effect.
B)social facilitation.
C)social loafing.
D)deindividuation.

Accepted Answer

The positive relationship between the presence of other children and the speed at which the children wound the reel indicates social facilitation, which is the tendency for people to perform differently in the presence of others.

Question 11

Because of the relationship between crowding and arousal,you are likely to _____ on a difficult exam in a densely packed classroom.&#10;A)do well&#10;B)do poorly&#10;C)do average&#10;D)skip questions

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because of the relationship between crowding and...

Question 12

Studies of more than a quarter million college and professional athletic events worldwide reveal that home teams win approximately 6 in 10 games.This observation is most likely the result of&#10;A)illusory correlation.&#10;B)behavioral confirmation.&#10;C)social facilitation.&#10;D)availability heuristic.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Studies of more than a quarter million...

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of the effect of crowding on social facilitation?&#10;A)The effect of other people's presence decreases with increasing number of people.&#10;B)The presence of a crowd intensifies positive or negative reactions.&#10;C)A supportive audience elicits greater performance on challenging tasks.&#10;D)It decreases arousal,which facilitates inferior responses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Question 14

The increased number of office buildings with large open spaces rather than private offices is an example of how social facilitation research&#10;A)helps confirm the social facilitation theory.&#10;B)guides new exploration of research topics.&#10;C)suggests practical applications.&#10;D)is misused by industries.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The increased number of office buildings with...

Question 15

The concern for how others are evaluating us is called&#10;A)distraction.&#10;B)arousal.&#10;C)mere presence.&#10;D)evaluation apprehension.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The concern for how others are evaluating...

Question 16

The larger the crowd,the _____ a person tends to be _____.&#10;A)more; calm&#10;B)less; calm&#10;C)more; aroused&#10;D)less; aroused

Accepted Answer

The answer of The larger the crowd,the _____ a person...

Deck 17: The Mere Presence of Others