Deck 19: Conventional and Complementary Medicine

Question 1

Therapies and practices that do not form part of conventional health care and medical practices taught in most Canadian medical schools is referred to as:

A) alternative medicine.
B) complementary medicine.
C) conventional medicine.
D) complementary and alternative medicine

Answer 1

complementary and alternative medicine

Question 2

An explanation that is based on the evidence of the senses and on objective and systematic observation is:

A) rational.
B) empirical.
C) parsimonious.
D) testable.

Answer 2

empirical.

Question 3

A medical procedure in which a viewing instrument is inserted into a body cavity or opening is called:

A) probing.
B) retinopathy.
C) endoscopy.
D) surgery.

Answer 3

endoscopy.

Question 4

People who write about traumatic experiences report all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) improved mood.
B) elevated blood pressure
C) fewer symptoms.
D) fewer visits to the doctor.

Question 5

All of the following are good strategies for evaluating complementary and alternative therapies, EXCEPT:

A) checking information posted at the websites for Health Canada and the Natural Health Products.
B) finding out in advance the expected length and cost of treatment.
C) keeping a symptom diary to track pain, fatigue, and other symptoms.
D) speaking with your physician about the CAM therapy only after you've tried it for a month.

Question 6

Strategies for good communication with your physician include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) bringing a list of the medications you are taking to your appointment.
B) saving your major concerns until the doctor brings them up.
C) repeating to the doctor what you understand you're supposed to do.
D) making a written list of questions before your appointment.

Question 7

Patients should make a symptom list before going to a medical appointment which includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) why they are happening.
B) when they started.
C) what makes them better or worse.
D) how long they last.

Question 8

One of the criticisms against alternative medicine remedies, such as those of traditional Chinese medicine, is that

A) they are much more dangerous than traditional Western medicine remedies.
B) they are too expensive.
C) their production threatens the existence of several species of plants and animals.
D) they are totally ineffective.

Question 9

Complementary and alternative medicine is also referred to as:

A) Eastern
B) non-traditional
C) conventional
D) integrative

Question 10

Examples of persistent symptoms in which a medical professional should be consulted include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) sore that hasn't healed in six weeks.
B) hoarseness lasting longer than three weeks.
C) fever for more than five days.
D) cough lasting more than two weeks.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding off-label use of a drug?

A) Forty percent of medications used for off-label use result in adverse reactions to the patient.
B) More than half of off-label prescriptions are made with ample evidence supporting such use.
C) It occurs when a drug is approved by Health Canada for one purpose and then prescribed for purposes not listed on the label.
D) It occurs most often when doctors err in prescribing a drug.

Question 12

Residency for physicians lasts for how many years?

A) 2-5
B) 6
C) 4-5
D) 2

Question 13

The complementary and alternative medicine therapy that involves the use of highly diluted extracts is

A) traditional Chinese medicine.
B) Reiki.
C) homeopathy.
D) qigong.

Question 14

Herbal remedies are an example of which of the following domains of complementary and alternative medicine practice?

A) mind-body intervention
B) energy therapy
C) biological-based therapy
D) alternative medical systems

Question 15

Which of the following are good non-drug options for self-care?

A) massage
B) exercise
C) adequate rest
D) exercise, massage, and adequate rest

Question 16

Conventional medicine is also known by which of the following terms?

A) biomedicine
B) Western medicine
C) complementary medicine
D) Western medicine or biomedicine

Question 17

Western researchers might explain the effects of acupuncture as being the result of

A) rebalancing of yin and yang.
B) restoration of equilibrium.
C) correction of the flow of qi.
D) release of hormones and neurotransmitters.

Question 18

CAM tends to be based on which of the following?

A) accumulated experience
B) healing traditions
C) healing traditions and accumulated experience
D) science

Question 19

What percentage of individuals who engage in expressive writing experience positive changes in their health condition?

A) 65
B) 25
C) 50
D) 20

Question 20

The first step in the diagnostic process is

A) a second opinion.
B) a medical history.
C) taking medical tests.
D) a physical exam.

Question 21

Experts found evidence that acupuncture is effective for

A) relieving pain after surgery.
B) relieving menstrual cramps.
C) treating carpal tunnel syndrome.
D) preventing headaches.

Question 22

What percentage of Canadians report using natural health products?

A) 59
B) 25
C) 40
D) 71

Question 23

A drug that is not registered or protected by a trademark is called:

A) illegal.
B) generic.
C) cheap.
D) brand name.

Question 24

Approximately how many prescriptions are filled per person each year in Canada?

A) 14
B) 20
C) 5
D) 9

Question 25

The Canada Health Act has how many basic tenets?

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 6

Question 26

Which of the following are the most commonly used CAM techniques?

A) massage
B) relaxation techniques
C) herbal medicine
D) herbal medicine, massage, or relaxation techniques

Question 27

Which of the following is TRUE regarding choosing a primary care physician?

A) The best time to look for a primary care physician is when you are sick and need assistance.
B) You should ask for recommendations from family, friends, or coworkers.
C) You should check to see that your insurance plan does not limit your choices.
D) A more senior physician is always a better choice than a new graduate as they have greater knowledge.

Question 28

In the physician-patient partnership which of the following is TRUE?

A) the patient actively participates
B) the physician is all-knowing
C) the patient actively participates and the physician acts as a consultant
D) the physician acts as a consultant

Question 29

Therapies or practices that do NOT form part of conventional health care are called

A) holistic medicine.
B) complementary and alternative medicine.
C) nonconventional medicine.
D) therapeutic treatments.

Question 30

All of the following are important questions for evaluating health information presented by the media, EXCEPT:

A) Who were the participants involved in the study?
B) Is the report based on research or an anecdote?
C) Are the statistics believable?
D) What is the source of the information?

Question 31

Which of the following is a practitioner who specializes in the medical and surgical care of the feet?

A) podiatrist
B) optometrist
C) oncologist
D) pediatrician

Question 32

Studies suggest that individuals with all of the following conditions are likely to try CAM therapies, EXCEPT

A) autoimmune diseases
B) cancer
C) asthma
D) heart disease

Question 33

Western medicine identifies the causes of disease as all of the following, EXCEPT

A) changes at the molecular and cellular levels as a result of lifestyle choices.
B) probiotics.
C) pathogens.
D) genetic factors.

Question 34

Fatima has had a cough for three weeks. Which of the following is likely to be Fatima's best option for addressing this symptom?

A) going to the emergency room
B) waiting an additional two weeks to see if her condition improves
C) self-treatment
D) checking with a physician

Question 35

Complementary and alternative medicine focuses on an integration of which of the following concepts:

A) body.
B) mind, body, and spirit
C) mind.
D) spirit.

Question 36

Examples of severe symptoms in which a medical professional should be consulted include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) major injuries.
B) emergencies.
C) blurry vision.
D) severe pains.

Question 37

All of the following are public health measures that have been implemented to destroy potential pathogens, EXCEPT

A) vitamin supplementation
B) sewage disposal
C) chlorination of drinking water
D) food safety regulations

Question 38

A health care professional who receives medical education very similar to that of medical doctors but whose training emphasizes musculoskeletal problems and manipulative therapy is a

A) doctor of podiatric medicine.
B) physical therapist.
C) doctor of chiropractic.
D) doctor of osteopathic medicine.

Question 39

If a physician prescribes the wrong drug or a dangerous combination of drugs, resulting problems are especially prevalent for , who typically take more medications.

A) infants
B) older adults
C) young adults
D) children

Question 40

Example of mind-body interventions include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) prayer.
B) mental healing.
C) meditation.
D) herbal therapies.

Question 41

All of the following are natural health products, EXCEPT:

A) probiotics.
B) herbal remedies.
C) homeopathic medicines.
D) vitamins and minerals in food.

Question 42

How many accredited medical schools are there in Canada?

A) 10
B) 17
C) 43
D) 25

Question 43

A test result that fails to correctly detect a disease or condition is called:

A) true positive.
B) inaccurate.
C) false negative.
D) false positive.

Question 44

Which one of the following statements is FALSE regarding managing medical problems?

A) Most symptoms require treatment with OTC drugs or professional assistance.
B) An individual with a chronic condition such as diabetes should consult a physician before using an OTC drug.
C) Self-evaluation of symptoms and self-treatment with OTC drugs is a major part of the Canadian health care system.
D) Professional medical advice is recommended for a symptom that is severe, unusual, persistent, or recurrent.

Question 45

All of the following are needed to effectively manage one's medical problems, EXCEPT

A) You need to know how to be critical of what your doctor tells you.
B) You need to be able to decide when to seek professional advice.
C) You need to know how to safely self-treat common medical issues.
D) You need to learn to how to be a good observer and assess your symptoms.

Question 46

Approximately how many Chinese herbal remedies are there?

A) 5800
B) 2500
C) 7500
D) 4000

Question 47

Cara, who is 28 years old, has experienced recurrent pain in her lower abdomen over the past two months. She has been treating herself by taking over-the-counter pain medicatio When Cara goes to see her physician, which of the following will he do FIRST in diagnosing her condition?

A) He will order medical tests.
B) He will consult another physician about her condition prior to her appointment.
C) He will ask her about her medical history.
D) He will perform a physical exam.

Question 48

All of the following are important questions to ask with respect to evaluation online health information, EXCEPT:

A) Who runs the site?
B) Where does the information come from?
C) Who pays for the site?
D) Does the information seem valid?

Question 49

The most commonly used form of manual healing is

A) chiropractic.
B) Rolfing.
C) massage.
D) acupressure.

Question 50

Explanations of data based on evidence gathered by the senses and via systematic observations are

A) testable.
B) empirical.
C) rational.
D) rigorously evaluated.

Question 51

Western medicine traditionally relies on the use of to treat and cure diseases.

A) pharmaceuticals
B) phytochemicals
C) isoflavins
D) antioxidants

Question 52

Which of the following is NOT considered an allied health care provider?

A) physical therapists
B) psychotherapists
C) registered nurses
D) registered dietitians

Question 53

Examples of unusual symptoms in which a medical professional should be consulted include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) difficulty swallowing.
B) changes in a mole.
C) unexplained lumps.
D) severe pains.

Question 54

Cara, who is 28 years old, has experienced recurrent pain in her lower abdomen over the past two months. She has been treating herself by taking over-the-counter pain medicatio Cara is prescribed a long course of antibiotics to treat her condition. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding her treatment?

A) She should tell her physician that she is taking oral contraceptives to avoid any possible drug interactions.
B) She may be able to reduce the cost of her treatment by asking for a generic form of the antibiotic.
C) She should store the antibiotic in a cool, dry, dark place and not in the medicine cabinet in her bathroom.
D) She can safely stop taking the antibiotic when her symptoms cease.

Question 55

All of the following are important for the patient attending a doctor's appointment, EXCEPT:

A) be specific and concise about your symptoms.
B) present your concerns at the beginning of the visit.
C) be honest and open about your concerns.
D) challenging your physician if you do not support their advice.

Question 56

How many meridians or pathways are believed to be in the human body?

A) 6-10
B) 5-7
C) 12-15
D) 9-12

Question 57

In traditional Chinese medicine, the principle of balance is expressed as

A) vis a vie.
B) chi.
C) prana.
D) yin and yang.

Question 58

Which of the following services vary province by province in their delivery and coverage?

A) dental care
B) optometric services
C) prescription drugs
D) optometric services, dental care, and prescription drugs

Question 59

People over the age of 65 account for approximately what percentage of medications?

A) 20
B) 40
C) 80
D) 60

Question 60

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding medical tests?

A) They are usually ordered by the physician to complete the diagnosis and can provide information to help solve medical problems.
B) They are always 100 percent accurate in helping to diagnose a medical problem.
C) They are usually ordered by the physician to complete the diagnosis.
D) They can provide information to help solve medical problems.

Question 61

During any six month period what percentage of Canadians use at least one OTC?

A) 66
B) 75
C) 55
D) 40

Question 62

Which of the following products can be kept in a bathroom medicine cabinet safely?

A) analgesics
B) decongestants
C) hydrocortisone
D) disinfectants

Question 63

Self-assessment of medical symptoms begins with

A) purchase of over-the-counter drugs.
B) medical self-tests.
C) a phone call to your doctor.
D) observation of your own body.

Question 64

Which of the following would NOT be a purpose or condition for which consumers are likely to turn to complementary and alternative medicine?

A) chronic joint problems
B) smoking cessation
C) weight loss
D) broken bones

Question 65

Example of energy therapies include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) therapeutic touch.
B) Qi gong.
C) osteopathy.
D) Reiki.

Question 66

When looking for a new physician all of the following are important questions to ask, EXCEPT:

A) Does the physician have a good personality?
B) What are the physician office hours?
C) Which hospitals does the physician use?
D) Is the physician accepting new patients?

Question 67

The medical history includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) social history.
B) current symptoms.
C) past medical history.
D) secondary reason for the visit.

Question 68

Reiki is an example of which of the following domains of complementary and alternative medicine practice?

A) energy therapy
B) alternative medical systems
C) biological-based therapy
D) mind-body intervention

Question 69

Which practice or interest is shared by both conventional Western medicine and complementary and alternative medicine?

A) careful observation of symptoms
B) avoidance of tests and medical imaging
C) concern with the patient-physician relationship
D) treatment with remedies derived from plants

Question 70

Which of the following is always the last step of the TCM process?

A) inquiry
B) inspection.
C) listening and smelling.
D) palpation.

Question 71

Which one of the following is considered a mind-body intervention?

A) visualization
B) t'ai chi ch'uan
C) yoga, visualization, t'ai chi ch'uan
D) yoga

Question 72

A person should check with a physician about symptoms with any of the following characteristics, EXCEPT symptoms that are

A) severe.
B) familiar.
C) recurrent.
D) persistent.

Question 73

Example of biological based therapies include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) herbal therapies.
B) orthomolecular therapies.
C) special dietary considerations.
D) prayer.

Question 74

In traditional Chinese medicine, the life force contained in all living things is called

A) qi.
B) vis vitalis.
C) yang.
D) prana.

Question 75

TCM always involves a four-step process with all of the following steps, EXCEPT:

A) inquiry.
B) inspection.
C) investigation.
D) listening and smelling.

Question 76

The domain which involves complete systems of theory and practice that have evolved independently of and often long before the conventional biomedical approach is:

A) biological-based therapies.
B) mind-body interventions.
C) alternative medical systems.
D) energy therapies.

Question 77

How old is Western medicine?

A) 150 years
B) 200 years
C) 300 years
D) 100 years

Question 78

With more than 100,000 OTC drugs on the market, about percent of all medications are sold over the counter.

A) 40
B) 85
C) 60
D) 25

Question 79

All of the following are true about a DIN, EXCEPT:

A) It is printed on the label of prescription and OTC drug products.
B) The DIN is a computer-generated eight digit number assigned by Health Canada.
C) The same DIN is assigned to all drugs within the same class.
D) Identifies the manufacturer, product name, active ingredient(s), strength(s) of active ingredient(s), pharmaceutical form, and route of administration.

Question 80

All of the following products should be kept in a cool, dark, and dry place, EXCEPT:

A) antibiotic ointment.
B) hydrogen peroxide.
C) antihistamine.
D) antiseptic.