Deck 16: Toward a Tobacco-Free Self and Society

Question 1

Clove cigarettes are also called:

A) kreteks.
B) kreteks and chicartas.
C) chihuahuas.
D) chicartas.

Answer 1

kreteks and chicartas.

Question 2

Lynette has not had a cigarette for over an hour. Which of the following is she likely to experience?

A) feeling calm
B) difficulty concentrating
C) feeling irritable and having difficulty concentrating
D) feeling irritable

Answer 2

feeling irritable and having difficulty concentrating

Question 3

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding smoking and pregnancy?

A) Smoking almost doubles a pregnant woman's chance of having a miscarriage.
B) Smoking significantly increases a woman's chance of ectopic pregnancy.
C) Research indicates maternal smoking is not a major risk factor in low birth weight.
D) Maternal smoking causes an estimated 100 infant deaths each year.

Answer 3

Research indicates maternal smoking is not a major risk factor in low birth weight.

Question 4

Which of the following is the MOST widespread cause of death among smokers?

A) stroke
B) emphysema
C) coronary heart disease
D) lung cancer

Question 5

Within 24 hours of your last cigarette, which of the following occurs?

A) nerve endings start regrowing.
B) oxygen level in blood rises to normal.
C) carbon monoxide level in blood drops to normal.
D) the chance of heart attack decreases.

Question 6

Within 48 hours of your last cigarette, which of the following occurs?

A) pulse rate drops to normal.
B) circulation improves.
C) the chance of heart attack decreases.
D) ability to smell and taste is enhanced.

Question 7

What percentage of Canadians are smokers?

A) 20.3%
B) 14.5%
C) 23.9%
D) 31.6%

Question 8

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the cumulative effects of tobacco use?

A) A male who begins smoking before the age of 15 and continues to smoke is only half as likely to live to age 75 as a male who never smokes.
B) Smokers become disabled at a younger age than nonsmokers.
C) Smokers show a greater rate of acute and chronic disease than those who never smoked.
D) Smokers spend more than three-quarters more time away from their jobs because of illness than nonsmokers.

Question 9

Approximately how many chemicals have been identified in tobacco smoke?

A) 1000
B) 2000
C) 3000
D) 4000

Question 10

Rodney and Lisa have been dating since high school and plan to get married and start a family soon. Lisa loves Rodney but is concerned about one of his habits. Rodney has bee smoking since he was 15 years old. He has tried to quit several times but still continues to smoke one to one and a half packs of cigarettes a day. How might Rodney's use of cigarettes affect their ability to have children later in life?

A) Nicotine increases sperm mobility making it easier to get pregnant.
B) Smoking can cause abnormally shaped sperm, reducing fertility.
C) Smoking increases blood flow to the penis and should not interfere with sexual performance.
D) As long as Lisa doesn't smoke, the couple's fertility will not be impaired.

Question 11

Smoking is times more prevalent among people with mental health issues compared to the general population.

A) 2
B) 3 to 5
C) 2 to 4
D) 6

Question 12

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)?

A) ETS does not elevate a nonsmoker's risk of heart disease.
B) ETS does not elevate a nonsmoker's risk of lung cancer.
C) Children are commonly affected by ETS.
D) A nonsmoker is not affected by ETS after leaving the smoky environment.

Question 13

Strategies to help prepare for quitting include all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) start an intense exercise program.
B) clean out your car and air out your house.
C) make an appointment to see your physician.
D) buy some sugarless gum.

Question 14

Which group based on educational attainment has the highest rate of smoking?

A) postsecondary graduate
B) finished high school
C) some postsecondary
D) less than high school

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a major form of spit tobacco?

A) snuff
B) chew
C) clove
D) twists

Question 16

Approximately what percentage of people will experiment with spit tobacco at some point during their lives?

A) 8
B) 33
C) 17
D) 25

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT one of the five R's of motivation to quit smoking?

A) relevance
B) residual
C) repetition
D) risks

Question 18

Smokers who switch to low-tar or low-nicotine cigarettes will probably NOT reduce the health risks of smoking because

A) they are likely to smoke more cigarettes to maintain blood nicotine levels.
B) they take smaller puffs and take longer to smoke each cigarette.
C) tar is not the risky ingredient in cigarettes.
D) they do not inhale as deeply.

Question 19

If something causes cancer, it is called a(n)

A) toxin.
B) carcinogen.
C) infector.
D) malignancy.

Question 20

Within 20 minutes of your last cigarette, all of the following occur, EXCEPT

A) respiratory rate speeds up
B) blood pressure drops to normal.
C) you stop polluting the air.
D) pulse rate drops to normal.

Question 21

White or red patches that appear in the mouth as a result of using spit tobacco are called

A) gingivitis.
B) dental caries.
C) cancer.
D) leukoplakia.

Question 22

Small cigarettes imported from India that contain species of tobacco different from those used by North American cigarette manufacturers are called

A) chicartas.
B) kreteks.
C) bidis.
D) cloves.

Question 23

Which of the following areas of the body will be adversely affected by tobacco?

A) stomach
B) brain
C) reproductive organs
D) brain, stomach, and reproductive organs

Question 24

Which of the following statements is TRUE about spit tobacco?

A) Holding an average size dip in the mouth for 30 minutes delivers about the same amount of nicotine as two or three cigarettes.
B) Oral sores are a rare side effect of its use.
C) Spit tobacco does not contain chemicals known to cause cancer.
D) Changes in gums and lips usually occur after 6 months of using spit tobacco.

Question 25

An ingredient in tobacco smoke that seriously limits the body's ability to use oxygen is

A) carbon monoxide.
B) formaldehyde.
C) tar.
D) benzopyrene.

Question 26

Health consequences related to the use of spit tobacco are likely to include all of the following, EXCEPT

A) gum disease.
B) bone loss around the teeth.
C) oral cancer.
D) lung cancer.

Question 27

Nicotine acts very similarly in the brain to which of the following drugs?

A) cocaine
B) cocaine and heroin
C) heroin
D) alcohol

Question 28

All of the following are good strategies to support tobacco prevention and stop smoking efforts, EXCEPT:

A) if you see children buying tobacco, report to police or facility manager.
B) find ways other than advertising to represent tobacco in a positive light.
C) vote for candidates who support anti-tobacco measures.
D) when a smoker violates a no-smoking designation, complain.

Question 29

Rodney and Lisa have been dating since high school and plan to get married and start a family soon. Lisa loves Rodney but is concerned about one of his habits. Rodney has bee smoking since he was 15 years old. He has tried to quit several times but still continues to smoke one to one and a half packs of cigarettes a day. In order to help Rodney quit smoking, Lisa might want to consider

A) offering to exercise with him.
B) watching him carefully and reminding him often to stop smoking.
C) leaving him alone because he needs to quit by himself.
D) hiding Rodney's cigarettes.

Question 30

All of the following are good strategies for reducing exposure to ETS, EXCEPT:

A) display reminders.
B) don't allow smoking in your home or room.
C) ask someone to leave.
D) speak up tactfully.

Question 31

After quitting smoking, approximately how long does it take an ex-smoker's risk of lung cancer to drop to half that of a continuing smoker's risk?

A) 5 years
B) 1 year
C) 6 months
D) 10 years

Question 32

The annual health-related economic costs of smoking are:

A) 24 billion.
B) 5 billion.
C) 17 billion.
D) 12 billion.

Question 33

Smoking affects hunger by

A) depressing hunger contractions.
B) increasing the sensitivity of taste buds.
C) increasing a person's appetite.
D) decreasing blood sugar level.

Question 34

What percentage of Inuit people smoke?

A) 55
B) 42
C) 25
D) 72

Question 35

To increase the chance for success when attempting to quit smoking, you should

A) wear a nicotine patch while you smoke.
B) substitute smokeless tobacco for cigarettes.
C) tell your family and friends you want support.
D) substitute clove cigarettes.

Question 36

All of the following situations are secondary reinforcers to tobacco use, EXCEPT

A) When Jane eats dinner, she never smokes.
B) When Sharon studies for her upcoming exam, she has to smoke a cigarette.
C) When Margie drinks at a bar, she has a habit of smoking cigarettes.
D) When Dustin plays baseball, he uses spit tobacco.

Question 37

Within five years of your last cigarette, which of the following occurs?

A) heart disease death risk is one half of a nonsmoker.
B) ability to smell and taste is enhanced.
C) walking becomes easier.
D) stroke risk drops nearly to the risk of nonsmokers.

Question 38

On average, how many quit attempts does it take a smoker before he/she quits successfully?

A) 3.2
B) 4.2
C) 2.2
D) 5.2

Question 39

What role does ammonia play in cigarettes?

A) It enhances the flavor.
B) It boosts the amount of nicotine absorbed into the blood.
C) It masks the harsh bitter taste of tobacco.
D) It opens the lungs' airway and makes it easier for nicotine to get into the blood.

Question 40

How many known carcinogens are found in cigarettes?

A) 43
B) 27
C) 51
D) 12

Question 41

Which of the following is TRUE regarding secondhand smoke?

A) Secondhand smoke in low or moderate levels is safe.
B) Adequate ventilation is sufficient to protect people from secondhand smoke.
C) Children exposed to secondhand smoke are more likely to die of sudden infant death syndrome.
D) The harmful effects of secondhand smoke are not immediate.

Question 42

Heart disease caused by the deposit of fatty substances in the walls of the arteries is called

A) atherosclerosis.
B) high cholesterol.
C) myocardial infarction.
D) emphysema.

Question 43

Instead of smoking while driving, all of the following are helpful recommendations, EXCEPT:

A) chew sugarless gum.
B) turn on the radio and sing along.
C) have the car cleaned when you quit smoking.
D) eat fast food.

Question 44

What percentage of smoke in a room comes from sidestream smoke?

A) 40
B) 85
C) 25
D) 65

Question 45

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is also known as:

A) COLD.
B) COAD.
C) COLD or COPD
D) COPD.

Question 46

Which group based on educational attainment has the lowest rate of smoking?

A) postsecondary graduate
B) finished high school
C) some postsecondary
D) less than high school

Question 47

What is the fastest growing population segment to start smoking?

A) women under age 17
B) men 17 to 24
C) men under age 17
D) women 17 to 24

Question 48

Approximately how many children are exposed to ETS in Canada?

A) 500, 000
B) 2.2 million
C) 1 million
D) 1.6 million

Question 49

What percentage of Canadian university students described themselves as smokers?

A) 35
B) 25
C) 10
D) 15

Question 50

Which of the following cancers is linked with smoking?

A) kidney
B) pancreatic
C) esophageal
D) esophageal, kidney, and pancreatic

Question 51

Which of the following lingers in the bloodstream for 5 hours after exposure to ETS?

A) tar
B) hydrogen cyanide
C) carbon monoxide
D) nicotine

Question 52

All of the following cardiovascular diseases are linked to cigarette smoking, EXCEPT

A) pulmonary heart disease
B) aortic aneurysm
C) stroke
D) healthy heart syndrome

Question 53

Loss of lung tissue elasticity is characteristic of

A) pulmonary edema.
B) emphysema.
C) pneumonia.
D) bronchitis.

Question 54

Long-term snuff use may increase the risk of oral cancer by _ times.

A) 5
B) 50
C) 10
D) 25

Question 55

Clove cigarettes

A) do not have the same health risks as regular tobacco.
B) contain more tar, nicotine, and carbon monoxide than do regular tobacco cigarettes.
C) contain fewer toxic components than regular tobacco.
D) are a safe alternative to regular tobacco cigarettes.

Question 56

The predominant psychoactive drug in tobacco is

A) tar.
B) benzopyrene.
C) phenol.
D) nicotine.

Question 57

What percentage of smokers started before they were 18?

A) 50
B) 85
C) 15
D) 30

Question 58

An example of a cocarcinogen found in cigarettes would be:

A) lead
B) formaldehyde.
C) ammonia.
D) acetone.

Question 59

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding cigar use?

A) The popularity of cigars is highest among white males with higher-than-average incomes.
B) Cigar smoke contains fewer toxins and carcinogens than does smoke from cigarettes.
C) Nicotine from cigars is absorbed through the gums and lining of the mouth.
D) Cigars contain more nicotine than cigarettes.

Question 60

Which of the following is an effect of nicotine?

A) increased formation of urine
B) lowered blood pressure
C) blood vessel dilation
D) increased heart rate

Question 61

Smokers are times more likely than nonsmokers to experience erectile dysfunction.

A) 3
B) 4
C) 2
D) 5

Question 62

Nicotine replacement products come in all of the following, EXCEPT:

A) lozenges.
B) inhalers.
C) candies.
D) spray.

Question 63

Nicotine enhances which of the following?

A) concentration, alertness, and rapid information processing
B) rapid information processing
C) concentration
D) alertness

Question 64

Within ten years of your last cigarette, which of the following occurs?

A) ability to smell and taste is enhanced.
B) heart disease death risk is one half of a nonsmoker.
C) lung cancer death risk is one half of a continuing smoker.
D) stroke risk drops nearly to the risk of nonsmokers.

Question 65

Which of the following are pharmaceutical drugs to help smokers quit?

A) Zoloft
B) Zyban
C) Champix
D) Zyban and Champix

Question 66

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding nicotine?

A) Nicotine is a powerful psychoactive drug.
B) Nicotine is considered a powerful depressant.
C) Nicotine has the ability to affect one's mood.
D) Research supports the conclusion that nicotine is highly addictive.

Question 67

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding teenagers who smoke?

A) Many teenagers believe that they will not be able to stop smoking when they want to.
B) In polls, the majority of smoking teens wished they had never started.
C) Compared with older smokers, teenagers become heavy smokers and develop dependence after a few cigarettes.
D) Over half of the teenagers who try cigarettes progress to daily use.

Question 68

Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding coronary heart disease and smoking?

A) Sudden and unexpected death is a common result of CHD, especially in smokers.
B) CHD deaths associated with cigarette smoking are most common in people age 40 to 50.
C) Smokers have a death rate from CHD that is 95% higher than nonsmokers have.
D) CHD is the most widespread single cause of death for cigarette smokers.

Question 69

What percentage of smoking teens wish they never started to smoke?

A) 25
B) 70
C) 40
D) 55

Question 70

Most of the symptoms of physical dependence to smoking pass in

A) 3 to 5 months.
B) 10 to 12 hours.
C) 3 to 4 weeks.
D) 2 to 3 days.

Question 71

"Chest pain due to coronary heart disease" defines

A) coronary thrombosis.
B) angina pectoris.
C) congestive heart failure.
D) myocardial infarction.

Question 72

Exposure to ETS leads to a percent increase in progression of atherosclerosis.

A) 10
B) 20
C) 30
D) 40

Question 73

A type of white blood cell that works to remove foreign particles from the respiratory tract is called

A) B-cells.
B) T-cells.
C) blastocysts.
D) macrophages.

Question 74

Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding tobacco use?

A) Stopping the use of smokeless tobacco may be more difficult than stopping smoking.
B) Most smokers want to keep smoking.
C) Most smokers who stop smoking as a result of attending a stop-smoking clinic stay tobacco-free.
D) Some tobacco users reduce health risks by using nicotine-free tobacco.

Question 75

What percentage of Metis smoke?

A) 32
B) 42
C) 62
D) 52

Question 76

Which of the following is an effect of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS)?

A) allergies
B) sinus infections
C) lung cancer
D) lung cancer, sinus infections, and allergies

Question 77

People who quit smoking suddenly may have all of the following symptoms, EXCEPT

A) depression.
B) increased attentiveness.
C) nausea.
D) muscular pains.

Question 78

All of the following health concerns are associated with smoking, EXCEPT

A) dental disease
B) ulcers
C) reduced fertility in men and women
D) improved oral hygiene

Question 79

Smoking contributes to heart disease in which one of the following ways?

A) It reduces low-density lipoproteins
B) It exposes the heart tissue to arsenic.
C) It exposes the heart tissue to benzo(a)pyrene.
D) It reduces high-density lipoproteins.

Question 80

Stimuli that are not necessarily pleasurable in themselves but that are associated with other stimuli that are pleasurable are called:

A) reinforcers.
B) secondary reinforcers.
C) tertiary reinforcers.
D) primary reinforcers.