Deck 13: Depressive Disorders and Self-Injury

Question 1

Researchers have attempted to treat children with Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD) using traditional, behaviorally-based summer treatment programs. How effective are these programs for youths withy DMDD?

A)Summer treatment programs are highly effective as long as therapists adhere to principles of operant conditioning.
B)Summer treatment programs are moderately effective, but their effectiveness depends on the severity of children's DMDD symptoms.
C)Summer treatment programs are moderately effective, but only if combined with antidepressant medication.
D)Summer treatment programs are not very effective because they do not address children's irritability and angry outbursts.

Answer 1

Summer treatment programs are very effective because they do address children ' s irritability and angry outbursts

Question 2

Several studies have examined the safety of antidepressant medication for children and adolescents with depression. The FDA found that the risk for suicidal thoughts was approximately ___ for youth taking these medications.

A)4%
B)14%
C)24%
D)44%

Answer 2

4%

Question 3

Which of the following statement is true regarding the epidemiology of depressive disorders in children and adolescents?

A)Prepubescent girls are more likely than prepubescent boys to develop MDD)
B)The prevalence of MDD among prepubescent girls is only about 1% to 2%.
C)Although depression is more common among girls, it is more impairing among boys.
D)Biological changes associated with puberty lead to depression in most adolescent girls.

Answer 3

The prevalence of MDD among prepubescent girls is onl y about 1% to 2%

Question 4

According to Nock and Prinstein's (2004, 2005) four-factor model for NNSI…

A)NSSI is usually maintained by classical conditioning.
B)NSSI is usually maintained by operant conditioning.
C)NSSI is usually maintained by observational learning (i.e., modeling).
D)NSSI is usually the result of genetic risk and learning theory.

Question 5

Research on the course of depressive disorders in children and adolescents indicate that approximately ___ of youths show moderate- to long-term mood problems.

A)5%
B)10%
C)15%
D)20%

Question 6

Which of the following is probably NOT an example of a negative automatic thought that might be associated with depression?

A)"I'm no good at anything!"
B)"No one likes me!"
C)"I would have liked to have done better!"
D)An image popping into your mind of all your classmates laughing at you and you acting embarrasseD)

Question 7

According to information presented in the text, why was Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder added to DSM-5?

A)The criteria for Major Depressive Disorder were not applicable to many young children with depression.
B)Many children were being misdiagnosed with Bipolar Disorder.
C)Children with depression tended to show fits and tantrums, rather than periods of sadness and social withdrawal.
D)Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder describes dysthymia in preschool-age children.

Question 8

Which of the following statements about stress and coping is NOT true.

A)Stressful life events are associated with increased risk for depression later in life.
B)Depressive symptoms are associated with increased risk for stressful life events later in life.
C)Active coping can protect children from depression.
D)Avoidance coping can protect children from depression.

Question 9

Which of the following statements best describes the gateway hypothesis for Non-Suicidal Self-Injury (NSSI)?

A)Older children who begin using alcohol and marijuana are at risk for NSSI in adolescence.
B)Older children who are rejected by peers are at risk for loneliness and NSSI in adolescence.
C)Youths who experience depression, helpless, and hopelessness and are greatest risk for NSSI.
D)Youths who initially engage in less severe acts of self-injury may later show more severe NSSI.

Question 10

Which of the following is not a diagnostic criterion for MDD in adolescents?

A)Feeling depressed
B)Irritable mood
C)Cognitive distortions
D)Suicidal thoughts

Question 11

According to Stevens and Prinstein (2005), which of the following is NOT a source of children's and adolescents' depressogenic attributions?

A)Their geneotypes
B)Their depressed mood
C)Their friends
D)Negative events in their lives

Question 12

Bryson is a 6-year-old child who meets diagnostic criteria for both Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) and Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder (DMDD). What should Bryson's diagnosis be?

A)ODD only
B)DMDD only
C)ODD and DMDD
D)Neither diagnosis

Question 13

According to DSM-5, how long must a child or adolescent experience depressive symptoms to be diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder?

A)1 week
B)2 weeks
C)1 year
D)2 years

Question 14

Maggie is a 13-year-old girl who recently recovered from MDD. What is the likelihood that Maggie will experience another major depressive episode by the time she is 18-years-old?

A)Approximately 20%
B)Approximately 50%
C)Approximately 70%
D)Almost 90%

Question 15

Masha Linehan developed Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) to help individuals with mood disorders, personality disorders, and Non-Suicidal Self-Injury. Upon what model/theory is DBT based?

A)The four-factor model
B)The social contagion model
C)The emotional dysregulation model
D)The diathesis-stress model

Question 16

Based on information presented in the text, which of the following is usually NOT used to assess an adolescent's risk of suicide?

A)Whether the adolescent wants to die
B)Whether the adolescent has a plan to kill himself or herself
C)The feasibility of the adolescent's plan
D)Whether the adolescent has had a friend or classmate attempt suicide

Question 17

People with depression who fail the dexamethasone suppression test display...

A)high levels of cortisol.
B)high levels of dopamine.
C)low levels of norepinephrine.
D)low levels of serotonin.

Question 18

What does the term "cognitive restructuring" mean?

A)Helping children with depression to adopt positive attributions about themselves and their abilities.
B)Changing children's approach to social information processing.
C)Challenging children's cognitive biases and distortions.
D)Altering children's internal working models regarding their parents and other attachment figures.

Question 19

The Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS) demonstrated...

A)that combining medication with CBT was more efficacious than either medication or CBT alone.
B)that adding medication to CBT was not more efficacious than CBT alone.
C)That more that half of youth you received placebo showed significant improvement in mooD)
D)that youths who received CBT alone showed similar outcomes as youth who received placebo.