Deck 13: Drugs for Gastrointestinal Problems

Question 1

What information about proton pump inhibitors is correct? (Select all that apply.)

A)These drugs can cause dizziness.
B)These drugs can cause neutropenia.
C)These drugs should only be taken as needed.
D)These drugs can increase the risk for osteoporosis.
E)These drugs heal ulcers by reducing acid in the stomach.f.These drugs work by 'sticking' to ulcerated areas of the stomach.

Answer 1

These drugs can cause dizziness.
These drugs can increase the risk for osteoporosis.
These drugs heal ulcers by reducing acid in the stomach.f.These drugs work by 'sticking' to ulcerated areas of the stomach.

Question 2

You are teaching a patient who has been prescribed dronabinol for severe nausea. What information should be included in the patient teaching plan?

A)"This drug may turn your urine pink."
B)"This drug is only available by injection."
C)"Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this drug."
D)"Avoid activities that may cause injury and increase risk for bleeding."

Answer 2

"Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this drug."

Question 3

A patient with a peptic ulcer who has been prescribed sucralfate asks you to explain how this drug works to heal the ulcer. What is your best response?

A)"This drug works by neutralizing gastric acid in the stomach."
B)"This drug works by preventing the secretion of gastric acids."
C)"This drug works by providing a protective layer over the ulcer."
D)"This drug works by blocking the H₂-receptor for gastric secretions."

Answer 3

"This drug works by providing a protective layer over the ulcer."

Question 4

Which antiemetic drug class is reserved for patients with severe nausea and vomiting?

A)Cannabinoids
B)Phenothiazines
C)Serotonin (5-HT₃) receptor antagonists
D)Substance P/neurokinin₁ (NK₁) receptor antagonists

Question 5

A patient prescribed metoclopramide (Reglan) reports having difficulty sleeping, difficulty concentrating, tiredness, and feeling hopeless. What is your best action?

A)Instruct the patient that these are expected side effects of the drug.
B)Document these findings as the only action.
C)Check the patient's chart history of depression.
D)Hold the drug and notify the prescriber.

Question 6

A patient taking metoclopramide (Reglan) for the last 6 months develops uncontrolled rhythmic movement of the face, lip smacking, and rapid or wormlike movements of the tongue. What is your best action?

A)Obtain a serum drug level immediately.
B)Document the findings and contact the prescriber.
C)Ask if the patient has any drug, pet, or food allergies.
D)Make arrangements to transfer the patient to the ICU.

Question 7

You suspect an older adult patient of using excessive amounts of laxatives. Which would be an appropriate intervention for this patient to help reduce chronic laxative use and dependency?

A)Advise the patient to take a stool softener plus laxative preparation.
B)Instruct the patient to use a fleet-type enema instead of a laxative.
C)Instruct the patient to drink six to eight glasses of water each day.
D)Advise the patient to take a laxative only once weekly.

Question 8

An elderly patient taking a loop diuretic comes in for a routine visit. During your interview with the patient, she informs you that she frequently uses a stimulant laxative. Which of the following problems may arise from frequent laxative use?

A)Infection
B)Duodenal ulcer
C)Electrolyte imbalance
D)Inflammatory bowel disorder

Question 9

You are providing instruction to a patient about the use of a bulk-forming laxative for the treatment of constipation. Which statement should be included in the teaching plan for this patient?

A)"Take this drug with a full glass of water."
B)"These drugs contain mineral oil and must be swallowed carefully."
C)"Take this drug with dairy products, such as milk."
D)"These drugs are used for the rapid relief of constipation."

Question 10

A patient who developed vomiting has been given 10 mg of prochlorperazine IM. What instructions should you provide to this patient?

A)"Your temperature may increase today."
B)"Call for assistance when getting out of bed."
C)"Bruising and bleeding at the injection site may occur."
D)"Avoid eating green, leafy vegetables while taking this drug."

Question 11

What specific problem can develop in a patient who has been prescribed both a 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist and a phenothiazine?

A)Bleeding
B)Muscular tremors
C)Serotonin syndrome
D)Cardiac dysrhythmias

Question 12

What problems may a patient with nausea and vomiting be at risk for? (Select all that apply.)

A)Weight loss
B)Constipation
C)Dehydration
D)Fluid retention
E)Electrolyte imbalance
F)Chemoreceptor zone malfunction

Question 13

You are caring for a patient who is taking a substance P/neurokinin₁ (NK₁) receptor antagonist. Which laboratory finding would suggest the patient is experiencing an adverse reaction to this class of drugs?

A)Decreased magnesium level
B)Increased blood glucose level
C)Increased serum creatinine level
D)Decreased white blood cell count

Question 14

Which drug for nausea and vomiting can cause decreased sweating and increased risk for overheating?

A)Meclizine (Antivert)
B)Ondansetron (Zofran)
C)Trimethobenzamide (Tigan)
D)Prochlorperazine (Compazine)

Question 15

Which drug classification would you expect a patient who was just diagnosed with a duodenal ulcer to be prescribed?

A)A laxative
B)An antacid
C)A phenothiazine
D)A proton pump inhibitor

Question 16

Which statement made by a patient taking a H₂-receptor blocker for peptic ulcer disease leads you to suspect the patient needs additional teaching regarding taking this class of drugs?

A)"This type of drug may cause dizziness."
B)"I will avoid smoking while taking this drug."
C)"I will report any unusual bleeding or signs of infection."
D)"I will take my daily dose of this drug first think in the morning."

Question 17

What types of drugs prevent or control nausea and vomiting?

A)Antiemetic drugs
B)Antimotility drugs
C)Antidiarrheal drugs
D)Antipropulsion drugs

Question 18

A patient with gastrointestinal upset has been prescribed an antacid. What information regarding this drug classification would be appropriate to provide to the patient?

A)"Other drugs should be taken 1 hour before or 2 hours after an antacid."
B)"Antacids work to relieve GI upset and prevent future attacks."
C)"Antacids should be taken with meals for maximum benefit."
D)"Chewable antacids should be taken with a full glass of milk."

Question 19

A patient has been scheduled for a routine colonoscopy. Which of the following laxatives would be most appropriate to use for preparing the colon for this procedure?

A)A bulk-forming laxative
B)A lubricant laxative
C)An osmotic laxative
D)A stimulant laxative

Question 20

Which common drug for nausea and vomiting is a 5-HT₃ receptor antagonist?

A)Ondansetron
B)Promethazine
C)Scopolamine
D)Metoclopramide

Question 21

A patient with gastritis asks why the healthcare provider prescribed an antacid when she has already been eating well. Which would be the best response made by the nurse? (Select all that apply.)

A)"Antacids are used to neutralize the acidity in your stomach between meals."
B)"Antacids will help to neutralize stomach acid and reduce your discomfort."
C)"All drugs should be taken with an antacid."
D)"Antacids are also used to treat constipation."
E)"Antacids will help you digest your food."

Question 22

A patient reports constipation. Which high-fiber foods would the nurse instruct the patient to add to his diet? (Select all that apply.)

A)Apple juice
B)Oranges
C)Bran cereals
D)Figs
E)Kiwi

Question 23

Which are classified as one of the five major categories of laxatives? (Select all that apply.)

A)Bulk-forming laxatives
B)Lubricant laxatives
C)Stimulant laxatives
D)Antispasmodic laxatives
E)Stool softeners

Question 24

You are giving discharge instructions to a patient who will be taking an antacid for gastric problems. Which instructions should be provided to this patient? (Select all that apply.)

A)Antacids must be taken with a lower fiber diet.
B)Antacids must be taken between meals.
C)Antacids should be taken at bedtime.
D)Antacids serve as a gastric buffer.
E)Antacids must be taken with food.
F)Antacids can cause diarrhea.