Deck 4: Bacteria and the Host Response: Inflammatory and Immunology Fundamentals

Question 1

Humoral immunity is provided by

A)plasma cells.
B)B-cells.
C)T-cells.
D)neutrophils.
E)macrophages.

Answer 1

B-cells.

Question 2

Which of the following substances specifically kills neutrophils?

A)Leukotoxin
B)Endotoxin
C)Ammonia
D)Sulfur

Answer 2

Leukotoxin

Question 3

All of the following substances released by bacteria are considered toxic to host cells except one. Which one is the exception?

A)Endotoxin
B)Leukotoxin
C)Histamine
D)Exotoxin
E)Hyaluronidase

Answer 3

Histamine

Question 4

The host (body)interacts with microorganisms in the pocket via the

A)saliva.
B)crevicular fluid.
C)gingival epithelium.
D)gingival connective tissue.

Question 5

Which of the following cells is considered to be phagocytic?

A)T-cell
B)B-cell
C)Macrophage
D)Plasma cell

Question 6

Which of the following cells predominate in the body's response to periodontitis?

A)T-lymphocytes
B)B-lymphocytes
C)Neutrophils
D)Macrophages

Question 7

Neutrophils arrive at the site of infection in the gingival connective tissue from the

A)blood vessels.
B)alveolar bone.
C)gingival epithelium.
D)periodontal ligament.
E)lymph vessels.

Question 8

Which of the following immunoglobulins is found in saliva?

A)IgA
B)IgG
C)IgM
D)IgD
E)IgE

Question 9

Which of the following theories of periodontal disease activity are believed to occur by clusters or bursts of breakdown in a short time period?

A)Random burst
B)Asynchronous multiple burst
C)Continuous
D)Specific burst

Question 10

The definition of phagocytosis is

A)eat and digest.
B)squish and swallow.
C)enzymatic degradation.
D)chemical degradation.

Question 11

Which of the following substances "coat" the bacteria to aid in phagocytosis?

A)Opsonins
B)Cytokines
C)Collagenases
D)Elastases

Question 12

The migration of neutrophils (PMNs)to the site of an invading pathogen is due to

A)clotting.
B)self-recognition.
C)phagocytosis.
D)chemotaxis.

Question 13

Which of the following substances is released from mast cells and causes vasodilation seen in acute inflammation?

A)Gingival crevicular fluid
B)Histamine
C)Cytokine
D)Ammonia

Question 14

Which of the following substances regulates the activity of different cells in the inflammatory/immune response?

A)Histamine
B)Bradykinin
C)Cytokine
D)Crevicular fluid

Question 15

From the tissues, antigenic substances are carried to the

A)local blood vessels.
B)local lymph nodes.
C)junctional epithelium.
D)lamina propria.

Question 16

Which of the following substances is a type of cytokine?

A)Collagenase
B)Proteinase
C)Hyaluronidase
D)Interleukin-1
E)Gelatinase

Question 17

Which of the following tissue structures acts as a protective barrier for the passage of antigenic substances?

A)Gingival connective tissue
B)Alveolar bone
C)Junctional epithelium
D)Hemidesmosomes

Question 18

Clinically, vasodilation is seen as

A)edema.
B)fibrosis.
C)blunted papillae.
D)destruction of the col.

Question 19

Which of the following substances/cells are involved in bone destruction?

A)B-cells
B)Histamines
C)Macrophages
D)Neutrophils

Question 20

Which of the following systems is activated by the antigen (bacteria)/antibody complex?

A)Phagocytosis
B)Opsonization
C)Complement
D)Humoral

Question 21

The predominant phagocytic cell is ________.

Question 22

The major cells of the immune system are the ________.

Question 23

The host response is a natural ________ mechanism.

Question 24

The ongoing loss of clinical connective tissue attachment and bone is referred to as periodontal disease ________.

Question 25

________ is the loss of clinical connective tissue attachment with subsequent bone loss.

Question 26

Periodontal diseases are involved in ________ immunity.

Question 27

________ are synthesized and released by plasma cells.

Question 28

How can the variation in individual responses to pathogens be explained to patients?