Deck 12: Somatic Senses and Special Sense

Question 1

The structure that carries tears from a lacrimal gland onto the surface of the eye is called the

A)nasolacrimal duct
B)lacrimal duct
C)auditory tube
D)lacrimal sac
E)lacrimal canal

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Olfactory receptors

A)are located in the nasal cavity.
B)are stimulated by inhaled chemicals.
C)adapt rapidly.
D)have knob-shaped dendrites containing olfactory hairs.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Answer 2

E

Question 3

All of the following are mechanoreceptors EXCEPT:

A)hair root plexuses
B)corpuscles of touch
C)cold receptors
D)lamellated corpuscles
E)type II cutaneous mechanoreceptors

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The sensory receptors that respond to tastants in food are called

A)photoreceptors
B)gustatory receptors
C)olfactory receptors
D)hair cells
E)taste pores

Question 5

Pressure receptors that consist of a large oval-shaped, multilayered connective tissue capsule that encloses a dendrite are called

A)lamellated corpuscles
B)corpuscles of touch
C)type II cutaneous mechanoreceptors
D)hair root plexuses
E)nociceptors

Question 6

Muscle spindles are examples of

A)free nerve endings
B)proprioceptors
C)lamellated corpuscles
D)hair cells
E)nociceptors

Question 7

Which of the following senses uses receptors that are all housed in a complex sensory organ?

A)taste
B)touch
C)heat
D)cold
E)pain

Question 8

Pain of visceral origin that is felt at a surface location is called

A)referred pain
B)delayed pain
C)dull pain
D)sharp pain
E)phantom pain

Question 9

The cranial nerves involved in the gustatory pathways are the

A)glossopharyngeal, vagus, and gustatory
B)optic, glossopharyngeal, and facial
C)vagus, hypoglossal, and abducens
D)facial, glossopharyngeal, and vagus
E)vestibulocochlear, abducens, and hypoglossal

Question 10

Which of the following areas of the brain are involved in olfaction?

A)temporal lobe of the cerebral cortex
B)hypothalamus
C)limbic system
D)none of the choices are correct
E)all of the choices are correct

Question 11

The bacteria-killing enzyme present in tears is called

A)lysosome
B)lysozyme
C)mineral salts
D)water
E)antibodies

Question 12

The class of sensory receptors that are structurally the simplest are

A)separate cells
B)encapsulated nerve endings
C)proprioceptors
D)free nerve endings
E)none of the choices are correct

Question 13

The sensation of itch results from the stimulation of

A)corpuscles of touch
B)lamellated corpuscles
C)free nerve endings
D)proprioceptors
E)thermoreceptors

Question 14

The "white" of the eye is called the

A)conjunctiva
B)sclera
C)retina
D)cornea
E)iris

Question 15

The sense that tells us which muscles are contracted, the amount of tension in a joint, the position of the joints, and orientation of the head is called

A)proprioception
B)nociception
C)touch reception
D)adaptation
E)gustation

Question 16

Touch receptors are classified as

A)mechanoreceptors
B)nociceptors
C)chemoreceptors
D)photoreceptors
E)osmoreceptors

Question 17

Vallate papillae containing taste buds are found in an inverted V-shaped row at the

A)tip of the tongue
B)back of the tongue
C)middle of the tongue
D)bottom of the tongue
E)sides of the tongue

Question 18

Which of the following senses are NOT somatic senses?

A)touch
B)temperature
C)vision
D)muscle position
E)pain

Question 19

The process in which the strength of a sensation decreases during a prolonged stimulation is called

A)adaptation
B)relaxation
C)accommodation
D)refraction
E)consolidation

Question 20

Which of the following senses is regarded as a special sense?

A)touch
B)blood pressure
C)temperature
D)balance
E)vibration

Question 21

The area of the retina that contains the highest concentration of cones is the

A)fovea centralis (fovea)
B)optic disc
C)iris
D)ciliary body
E)pupil

Question 22

The "canal of Schlemm" is another term for the

A)vitreous chamber
B)vitreous body
C)anterior cavity
D)aqueous humor
E)scleral venous sinus

Question 23

The sensors for maintaining dynamic equilibrium are located in the

A)utricle
B)saccule
C)spiral organ
D)cochlea
E)semicircular ducts

Question 24

A disease in which the buildup of aqueous humor leads to abnormally high intraocular pressure is called

A)cataracts
B)glaucoma
C)diabetic retinopathy
D)strasbismus
E)nystagmus

Question 25

The photopigment in rods is called

A)chlorophyll
B)rhodopsin
C)opsin
D)melanin
E)retinal

Question 26

The inability to clearly see objects that are near the eye is called

A)nearsightedness
B)astigmatism
C)hypermetropia
D)glaucoma
E)myopia

Question 27

The membrane that separates the cochlear duct from the scala vestibuli is the

A)vestibular membrane
B)tectorial membrane
C)basement membrane
D)tympanic membrane
E)basilar membrane

Question 28

All of the following are components of the external ear EXCEPT the

A)auditory tube
B)auricle
C)external auditory canal
D)tympanic membrane
E)ceruminous glands

Question 29

The muscle responsible for changing the shape of the lens to improve near vision is the

A)arrector pili muscle
B)iris
C)ciliary muscle
D)superior rectus muscle
E)superior oblique muscle

Question 30

The center of the eardrum is connected to the

A)incus
B)cochlea
C)vestibule
D)malleus
E)stapes

Question 31

Which of the following is found in the middle ear?

A)cochlea
B)auditory ossicles
C)bony labyrinth
D)vestibule
E)scala tympani

Question 32

The bending of light by the cornea and lens is called

A)accommodation
B)reflection
C)contraction
D)refraction
E)adaptation

Question 33

The oval-shaped middle portion of the bony labyrinth is the

A)cochlea
B)saccule
C)utricle
D)vestibule
E)ampulla

Question 34

Axons from the _____ neurons form the optic nerve.

A)ganglion
B)amacrine
C)bipolar
D)photoreceptor
E)horizontal

Question 35

Which of the following structures is part of the vascular tunic of the eye?

A)cornea
B)sclera
C)retina
D)iris
E)optic disc

Question 36

The most common cause of blindness in the United States is

A)scotoma
B)trachoma
C)cataracts
D)glaucoma
E)macular degeneration

Question 37

The medical term for the condition commonly referred to as "pinkeye" is

A)trachoma
B)conjunctivitis
C)myringitis
D)blepharitis
E)keratitis

Question 38

Which of the following structures of the eyeball contains photoreceptors?

A)iris
B)retina
C)sclera
D)cornea
E)choroid

Question 39

The clear jellylike substance found in the large cavity of the eye behind the lens is the

A)aqueous humor
B)cellular body
C)ciliary body
D)anterior humor
E)vitreous body

Question 40

The receptors for hearing are located in the

A)semicircular canals
B)cochlea
C)utricle
D)saccule
E)vestibule

Question 41

Pain that persists for at least two months without responding to appropriate treatment is called

A)acute pain
B)incurable pain
C)referred pain
D)chronic pain
E)fast pain

Question 42

The sense of balance that tells you "where your head is at" when you are NOT moving is called _____ equilibrium and is a function of the _____ in the inner ear.

A)static; cochlear duct
B)dynamic; semicircular canals
C)dynamic; utricle and saccule
D)static; utricle and saccule
E)static; semicircular canals

Question 43

Accommodation for near vision involves changing the shape of the

A)cornea
B)conjunctiva
C)lens
D)vitreous humor
E)retina

Question 44

Which of the following structures converts pressure waves in the endolymph into the nerve impulses associated with the sense of hearing?

A)spiral organ
B)round window
C)macula
D)tympanic membrane
E)crista

Question 45

Night blindness results from abnormalities in the

A)rods
B)cones
C)cornea
D)choroid
E)optic nerve

Question 46

The science that deals with the eyes and disorders of the eyes is called

A)otorhinolaryngology
B)ophthalmology
C)optometry
D)pediatrics
E)geriatrics

Question 47

A ringing in the ears is scientifically referred to as

A)trachoma
B)vertigo
C)tinnitus
D)otalgia
E)strabismus

Question 48

All of the following use mechanoreceptors EXCEPT

A)hearing
B)touch
C)pain
D)pressure
E)proprioception

Question 49

Which region(s)of the membranous labyrinth contain otoliths or ear stones embedded in a gelatinous mass called the otolithic membrane?

A)ampulla of the semicircular ducts
B)vestibule
C)cochlear duct
D)cupula and crista
E)utricle and saccule

Question 50

Cells found in the olfactory epithelium that provide mechanical support, nourishment and electrical insulation for olfactory receptors are called

A)sustentacular cells
B)tactile epithelial cells
C)supporting cells
D)basal cells
E)olfactory glandular epithelial cells

Question 51

The type of pain that occurs immediately after stimulation and allows us to precisely localize the point of painful stimulation is called

A)slow pain
B)referred pain
C)fast pain
D)chronic pain
E)intermediate pain

Question 52

The ossicles of the middle ear are responsible for

A)conducting sound waves from the tympanic membrane to the oval window.
B)static equilibrium.
C)dynamic equilibrium.
D)pressure equalization across the eardrum.
E)conversion of sound waves into electrical impulses.

Question 53

Referred pain occurs because of

A)shared pathways between visceral organs and body surfaces.
B)adaptation of nerve pathways.
C)lack of myelination on pain neurons.
D)the autonomic nervous system.
E)proprioceptors found in subcutaneous tissues near the organs.

Question 54

When you sniff the air to detect or identify odors, you are

A)increasing the osmotic pressure on the olfactory mechanoreceptors.
B)forcing air to the back of the throat toward the olfactory nerves.
C)forcing air to the top of the nasal cavity where olfactory chemoreceptors are located.
D)forcing gases into solution.
E)reducing adaptation of the olfactory sense.

Question 55

Relaxation and meditation are often effective at controlling pain because

A)these techniques distract the patient.
B)these techniques decrease anxiety.
C)patients gain a sense of personal control.
D)patients become more aware of thoughts and situations that increase or reduce pain.
E)All of the choices are correct.

Question 56

Muscle spindles are found at the junction of a tendon with a muscle.

Question 57

The three types of cone photoreceptors found in the retina are

A)blue cones, yellow cones and red cones
B)blue cones, green cones and red cones
C)green cones, yellow cones and red cones
D)white cones, black cones and gray cones
E)amacrine neurons, bipolar neurons and ganglion neurons

Question 58

Which of the following statements describes a task that is accomplished using the extrinsic eye muscles?

A)Changing the size of the pupil for light and dark conditions.
B)Changing the shape of the lens for near vision.
C)Turning the auricle towards the source of the sound.
D)Increasing or decreasing the amount of aqueous humor.
E)Rolling your eyes after taking a ridiculously easy test.

Question 59

If you enter a room and smell a strong odor which soon fades away, you have experienced

A)damage to your sensory receptors.
B)sensory adaptation.
C)pressure on chemoreceptors.
D)referred pain.
E)a neuronal loss in the olfactory center of the frontal lobe.

Question 60

Taste buds are found on all the following structures EXCEPT the

A)epiglottis
B)tongue
C)pharynx
D)esophagus
E)roof of the mouth

Question 61

The middle layer of the eyeball is the vascular tunic.

Question 62

Cones are specialized for color vision.

Question 63

Thermoreceptors are free nerve endings.

Question 64

Perception of senses actually occurs in the cerebral cortex. In other words, perception occurs when the brain interprets the electrical impulses coming from the sensory receptors.

Question 65

The middle tunic of the eye consists of the choroid, cornea, lens, and ciliary body.

Question 66

Equilibrium is classified as a special sense.

Question 67

The middle ear is a small air-filled cavity between the eardrum and the internal ear.

Question 68

The adult eyeball measures about 3.5 cm in diameter.

Question 69

Night blindness is most often caused by a vitamin C deficiency.

Question 70

When the ciliary muscle contracts, the lens flattens for far vision.

Question 71

The utricle contains a small, thickened region called the macula that contains hair cells responsible for helping to maintain static equilibrium.

Question 72

The highest concentration of taste buds is found on filiform papillae.

Question 73

Some fibers of each of the two optic nerves cross over within the optic tract.

Question 74

The muscles of the iris and ciliary muscle are considered to be extrinsic eye muscles because they are voluntary.

Question 75

Type I cutaneous mechanoreceptors quickly adapt to prolonged touch sensations.

Question 76

Sound waves are conducted through air, bone, and fluid before being changed into electrical impulses in the cochlea of the inner ear.

Question 77

Almost any excessive sensation, such as extremely loud noises or temperature extremes, can cause pain.

Question 78

People with chronic pain tend to avoid movement and exercise.

Question 79

Pain sensations help protect us from irreparable tissue damage.

Question 80

Tactile receptors consist of the axons of sensory neurons.