Deck 7: Joints

Question 1

A movement that decreases the angle between articulating bones is called

A)flexion
B)extension
C)circumduction
D)rotation
E)abduction

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Angular movements of articulating bones can be accomplished by

A)fibrous joints
B)cartilaginous joints
C)synovial joints
D)all of the choices are correct
E)none of the choices is correct

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Sac-like structures that are strategically located to reduce friction between skin and underlying bones during synovial joint movements are called

A)tendons
B)ligaments
C)menisci
D)accessory ligaments
E)bursae

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Slightly movable joints are classified as

A)synovial joints
B)amphiarthroses
C)synarthroses
D)sutures
E)diarthroses

Question 5

The joints between the carpal bones in the wrist are examples of

A)ball-and-socket joints
B)hinge joints
C)pivot joints
D)plane joints
E)saddle joints

Question 6

The innermost layer of the articular capsule consists of a/an

A)fibrous membrane
B)ligament
C)articular membrane
D)synovial membrane
E)meniscus

Question 7

A joint in which the connecting material is a broad flat disc of fibrocartilage is called a

A)symphysis
B)syndesmosis
C)synchondrosis
D)gomphosis
E)suture

Question 8

Which of the following are types of synovial joints?

A)plane joints
B)hinge joints
C)condyloid joints
D)saddle joints
E)all of the choices are correct

Question 9

The primary movement of a pivot joint like the atlantoaxial joint is

A)rotation
B)abduction
C)adduction
D)circumduction
E)hyperextension

Question 10

The joint between the trochlea of the humerus and the trochlear notch of the ulna at the elbow is an example of a

A)saddle joint
B)pivot joint
C)hinge joint
D)condyloid joint
E)gliding joint

Question 11

Which of the following is a type of cartilaginous joint?

A)synovial
B)symphysis
C)syndesmosis
D)suture
E)gomphosis

Question 12

Which of the following joints is classified as a synarthrotic joint?

A)suture in infants and young children
B)knee
C)symphysis
D)gomphosis
E)distal tibiofibular joint

Question 13

The scientific study of joints is called

A)anthropology
B)archeology
C)arthrology
D)orthoscopy
E)rheumatology

Question 14

Extension is a type of angular movement commonly associated with a/an

A)plane joint
B)hinge joint
C)pivot joint
D)interosseous membrane joint
E)suture

Question 15

The articulation between the root of a tooth and an alveolus in the mandible is an example of a

A)synchondrosis
B)diarthrosis
C)symphysis
D)suture
E)gomphosis

Question 16

All of the following are functions of the synovial fluid EXCEPT

A)lubrication
B)friction reduction
C)protein production
D)removal of wastes
E)supply of nutrients

Question 17

A fluid-filled cavity found between articulating bones is a distinguishing characteristic of

A)synovial joints
B)symphysis
C)fibrous joints
D)cartilaginous joints
E)none of the choices is correct

Question 18

Which of the following types of synovial joints are classified as biaxial because they permit movement around only two axes?

A)suture joint
B)pivot joint
C)hinge joint
D)condyloid joint
E)ball-and-socket joint

Question 19

All of the following are structural classifications of joints EXCEPT

A)synarthrosis
B)fibrous
C)cartilaginous
D)synovial
E)all of the choices are correct

Question 20

Freely moveable joints are classified as

A)synarthroses
B)diarthroses
C)symphyses
D)amphiarthroses
E)gomphoses

Question 21

Hyperextension involves

A)the movement of a bone away from the midline.
B)the movement of the distal end of a part of the body in a circle.
C)the movement of a body part, like the mandible, forward.
D)an extension beyond the anatomical position.
E)the movement of a protracted part of the body back to the anatomical position.

Question 22

Movement of the forearm from a palm forward (or up)to a palm backward (or down)position is called

A)flexion
B)extension
C)adduction
D)abduction
E)pronation

Question 23

The shrugging of the shoulders, which involves lifting the scapula, is an example of

A)abduction
B)depression
C)inversion
D)circumduction
E)elevation

Question 24

The functional classification of immovable articulations such as the sutures between the cranial bones of the adult skull is

A)syndesmosis
B)synovial
C)synarthrosis
D)amphiarthrosis
E)diarthrosis

Question 25

A forward movement of the mandible would be called

A)inversion
B)protraction
C)flexion
D)retraction
E)supination

Question 26

A medical term that means inflammation of the joints is

A)bursitis
B)tendonitis
C)arthritis
D)perichondritis
E)chondritis

Question 27

An interosseous membrane joint is found between

A)radius and humerus
B)radius and ulna
C)tibia and talus
D)tibia and fibula
E)both radius and ulna and tibia and fibula

Question 28

The distal articulation between the tibia and fibula is a

A)diarthrosis
B)syndesmosis
C)synchondrosis
D)symphysis
E)synarthrosis

Question 29

The type(s)of cartilage found in a symphysis joint include(s)

A)hyaline cartilage only
B)fibrocartilage only
C)elastic cartilage only
D)both hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage
E)both hyaline cartilage and elastic cartilage

Question 30

Which of the following is NOT classified as a special movement?

A)elevation
B)protraction
C)circumduction
D)supination
E)dorsiflexion

Question 31

All of the following are part of the knee joint EXCEPT

A)medial meniscus
B)patellar ligament
C)articular capsule
D)bursae
E)transverse humeral ligament

Question 32

A type of cartilaginous joint found in the long bones of the immature skeleton that allows the bones to lengthen is a

A)synchondrosis
B)syndesmosis
C)symphysis
D)diarthrosis
E)suture

Question 33

The lateral movement of the arms away from the body is called

A)elevation
B)abduction
C)adduction
D)circumduction
E)retraction

Question 34

An autoimmune disease in which the immune system attacks the cartilage and lining of the joints is

A)rheumatoid arthritis
B)Lyme disease
C)osteoarthritis
D)arthralgia
E)multiple sclerosis

Question 35

The displacement of a bone from a joint with tearing of ligaments, tendons, and articular capsules is called a/an

A)synovitis
B)chondritis
C)arthralgia
D)dislocation
E)sprain

Question 36

Bending the foot upward, as when standing on your heel, involves

A)elevation
B)plantar flexion
C)dorsiflexion
D)inversion
E)supination

Question 37

The shoulder joint is an example of a

A)saddle joint
B)pivot joint
C)ball-and-socket joint
D)hinge joint
E)gliding joint

Question 38

Adduction is when a body part is moved

A)around an axis.
B)to increase the angle between that part and another.
C)away from the body's midline.
D)in all planes but rotation.
E)towards the body's midline.

Question 39

The outer fibrous layer of the articular capsule consists of

A)dense irregular connective tissue
B)dense regular connective tissue
C)cartilage
D)synovial membranes
E)areolar connective tissue

Question 40

The arcuate popliteal ligament is found in the

A)sole of the foot
B)knee
C)elbow
D)hip
E)shoulder

Question 41

Pads of fibrocartilage found between articulating bone of the knee joint are called menisci.

Question 42

The most common form of arthritis is

A)rheumatoid arthritis
B)osteoarthritis
C)gout
D)osteomyelitis
E)bursitis

Question 43

The type of synovial joint found between the metacarpal of the human thumb and the trapezium that allows opposition of the thumb to occur is a

A)pivot joint
B)condyloid joint
C)plane joint
D)saddle joint
E)ball-and-socket joint

Question 44

The posterior cruciate ligament extends posteriorly and laterally from the tibia to the femur.

Question 45

Extension is when a body part is moved

A)to increase the angle between that part and another.
B)to decrease the angle between that part and another.
C)away from the body's midline.
D)in all planes but rotation.
E)towards the body's midline.

Question 46

The articulation formed between a tooth and its bony socket (alveolus)is called a syndesmosis.

Question 47

Synarthroses are slightly moveable joints.

Question 48

Ligaments are commonly found with synovial joints.

Question 49

A strain is always more serious than a sprain.

Question 50

Another term for the dislocation of a bone from a joint with tearing of ligaments, tendons, and articular capsules is

A)synovitis
B)arthralgis
C)strain
D)luxation
E)subluxation

Question 51

The two most common movements observed at hinge joints like the elbow are

A)elevation and flexion
B)adduction and abduction
C)depression and elevation
D)flexion and extension
E)all of the choices are correct

Question 52

The movement of bending of your head backward to observe overhead objects, as would occur while star-gazing, is an example of

A)extension
B)rotation
C)circumduction
D)hyperextension
E)adduction

Question 53

Abduction refers to movement of a body part away from the midline.

Question 54

The epiphyseal plates in a long bone of an adult are an example of a symphysis.

Question 55

Arthritis is a form of rheumatism.

Question 56

The type of tissue that holds bones together in a fibrous joint is

A)hyaline cartilage
B)fibrocartilage
C)elastic connective tissue
D)dense regular connective tissue
E)dense irregular connective tissue

Question 57

When you cross your arms in front of your chest, your clavicles undergo a special movement called

A)depression
B)protraction
C)retraction
D)inversion
E)eversion

Question 58

The articular surfaces of bones forming freely moveable joints are lubricated by

A)synovial fluid
B)mucus
C)serous fluid
D)lymph
E)plasma

Question 59

Which of the following articulations is NOT an example of a hinge joint?

A)ulna with the humerus
B)atlas with the axis
C)tibia with the talus
D)femur with the tibia
E)middle phalanges with the distal phalanges

Question 60

The sutures found between the cranial bones of a newborn's skull are fibrous joints.

Question 61

Which of the structures indicated in the synovial joint diagram secretes synovial fluid?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 62

A "double-jointed" person has an extra joint capsule in their knees, which leads to increased flexibility.

Question 63

Which of the following chemicals would you expect to find in relatively high concentrations in the fluid found in "A" in the diagram shown?

A)collagen
B)elastin
C)hyaluronic acid
D)albumin
E)uric acid

Question 64

Name and describe six special movements that involve moving either the foot or hand.

Question 65

Pronation is a movement of the forearm so that the palm faces backward.

Question 66

Synovial fluid moistens and lubricates the cartilaginous surfaces in diarthrotic joints.

Question 67

Describe the three functional categories of joints and indicate the degree of movement each permits.

Question 68

Arthralgia is the displacement of a bone from a joint.

Question 69

By age 80, almost everyone develops some type of joint degeneration.

Question 70

The difference between rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis is that osteoarthritis is an autoimmune disease.

Question 71

Elastic cartilage is found in most types of cartilaginous joints to ensure free movement.

Question 72

Which of the labeled joints in the diagram are categorized as fibrous joints?

A)A, B, C
B)B, C, D
C)A, B, C, D
D)E, F
E)All of the joints are fibrous joints.

Question 73

The movement of a body part away from the body's midline (e.g. first arm and leg movements that occur when doing jumping jacks)is called adduction.

Question 74

Towards the end of a pregnancy, the hormone inhibin stimulates the loosening of the pubic symphysis and the ligaments between the sacrum and pelvis in order to increase the size of the pelvic outlet.

Question 75

Which of the structures indicated in the synovial joint diagram shown is made of hyaline cartilage?

A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
E)E

Question 76

Some syndesmoses are slightly moveable joints.

Question 77

List the six different types of synovial joints.

Question 78

During periods of physical inactivity, the synovial fluid becomes more viscous (gel-like)limiting its ability to effectively lubricate the joint.

Question 79

The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)is found in the shoulder joint.

Question 80

Rheumatoid arthritis is always age related.