Deck 5: The Integumentary System

Question 1

The function of the lipid-rich secretion released from lamellar granules found in the stratum granulosum is to

A)block UV rays from the sun.
B)toughen the outer layers of the skin.
C)act as a water-repellent sealant.
D)link dead keratinocytes together in the stratum corneum.
E)help form vitamin D.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The bundle of smooth muscle associated with each hair follicle is called the

A)orbicularis muscle
B)sebaceous bundle
C)arrector pili muscle
D)hair matrix
E)none of the choices is correct

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Perspiration is the substance secreted by

A)ceruminous glands
B)sudoriferous glands
C)sebaceous glands
D)oil glands
E)salivary glands

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Exocrine glands that secrete oil directly on to hair follicles are called

A)sudoriferous glands
B)apocrine glands
C)ceruminous glands
D)eccrine glands
E)sebaceous glands

Question 5

The medical specialty that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of skin disorders is called

A)dermatology
B)pathology
C)pharmacology
D)cardiology
E)oncology

Question 6

All of the following are normal functions of the skin EXCEPT

A)protection
B)vitamin B synthesis
C)excretion
D)temperature regulation
E)sensation

Question 7

The protein that helps protect skin and underlying cells from abrasions, heat and microbes is called

A)melanin
B)melatonin
C)keratin
D)actin
E)carotene

Question 8

The only layer of the epidermis that contains stem cells capable of continued cell division is the

A)stratum spinosum
B)stratum basale
C)stratum corneum
D)stratum granulosum
E)stratum lucidum

Question 9

All of the following are pigments that contribute to color of an individual's skin EXCEPT

A)keratin
B)melanin
C)carotene
D)hemoglobin
E)all of the choices are correct

Question 10

The portion of a fingernail that extends past the end of the finger is called the

A)nail body
B)nail root
C)lunula
D)free edge
E)nail matrix

Question 11

Exocrine glands found in the external auditory canal that secrete protective earwax are called

A)ceruminous glands
B)sudoriferous glands
C)sebaceous glands
D)eccrine glands
E)apocrine glands

Question 12

The base of a hair follicle is enlarged into an onion-shaped structure called the

A)root
B)shaft
C)papilla
D)bulb
E)matrix

Question 13

The cells producing the pigment responsible for skin color are the

A)keratinocytes
B)melanocytes
C)intraepidermal macrophages
D)tactile epithelial cells
E)adipocytes

Question 14

The outermost portion of the skin is the

A)hypodermis
B)subcutaneous layer
C)dermis
D)epidermis
E)basement membrane

Question 15

The clear layer of the epidermis that is only found in the thick skin located in areas such as the fingertips, palms and soles is the

A)stratum basale
B)stratum spinosum
C)stratum granulosum
D)stratum lucidum
E)stratum corneum

Question 16

The primary function of hair on the scalp is

A)protection
B)sensory perception
C)to increase surface area
D)heat dissipation
E)movement

Question 17

An inherited inability of an individual to produce melanin results in a condition known as

A)freckles
B)melanoma
C)erythema
D)albinism
E)carotenosis

Question 18

Cells of the skin's epidermis that participate in the immune response to microbes are called

A)keratinocytes
B)melanocytes
C)tactile epithelial cells
D)adipocytes
E)intraepidermal macrophages

Question 19

The redness of the skin that can occur during allergic reactions is called

A)albinism
B)erythema
C)pallor
D)cyanosis
E)jaundice

Question 20

The skin is the largest organ in the body and is part of the

A)skeletal system
B)integumentary system
C)muscular system
D)lymphatic system
E)circulatory system

Question 21

Which of the following is a condition involving inflammation of the sebaceous glands usually beginning at puberty?

A)dermatitis
B)decubitus
C)ulcer
D)acne
E)psoriasis

Question 22

Which of the following is NOT considered to be a risk factor for skin cancer?

A)skin type
B)family history
C)individual's sex
D)sun exposure
E)age

Question 23

The cuticle of the nail consists of

A)stratum corneum
B)stratum lucidum
C)nail matrix
D)nail root
E)basement membrane

Question 24

The difference between sunblock and sunscreen is that

A)sunscreens completely stop the sun from damaging the skin but sunblocks do not.
B)sunblocks shield the skin completely but sunscreens only reduce the damage.
C)sunblocks are always physical barriers and sunscreens can be barriers or chemicals.
D)sunblocks contain more ozone than sunscreens.
E)there is no difference between a sunscreen and sunblock.

Question 25

Which of the following statements is NOT true concerning methods of slowing or reversing the effects of aging on skin?

A)Topical products can be used to bleach the skin.
B)Microdermabrasion can improve skin texture and reduce blemishes.
C)Chemical peels can improve skin texture and reduce blemishes.
D)Botox paralyzes wrinkle muscles.
E)Sunless tanners help protect skin from UVB rays.

Question 26

In humans, arrector pili muscles contract in response to

A)hypovolemic shock.
B)physical or chemical trauma.
C)moisture on the skin.
D)stress like cold or fright.
E)skin infections.

Question 27

All of the following are true for aging skin EXCEPT

A)collagen fibers decrease in number.
B)elastic fibers lose some elasticity.
C)macrophages increase in number.
D)melanocytes increase in size.
E)fibroblasts decrease in number.

Question 28

The layer of the epidermis that contains melanocytes is called the

A)stratum granulosum
B)stratum basale
C)stratum spinosum
D)stratum corneum
E)stratum lucidum

Question 29

This layer of the epidermis contains dead keratinized cells that are continuously sloughed from the surface of the body.

A)stratum basale
B)stratum lucidum
C)stratum corneum
D)stratum spinosum
E)stratum granulosum

Question 30

Which of following layers associated with the skin would most likely contain a large amount of fat tissue?

A)dermis
B)epidermis
C)lamellated corpuscle
D)hypodermis
E)dermal papillae

Question 31

Which layer of skin contains large numbers of blood capillaries involved in body temperature regulation?

A)epidermis
B)stratum basale
C)stratum corneum
D)dermis
E)hypodermis

Question 32

Which of the following is a pigment that contributes to the color of both hair and skin?

A)cerumen
B)keratin
C)melanin
D)sebum
E)myoglobin

Question 33

Which of the following skin conditions is caused by a fungus?

A)cold sores
B)fever blisters
C)hives
D)athlete's foot
E)psoriasis

Question 34

Corpuscle of touch are touch receptors found in the

A)dermal papillae
B)hypodermis
C)stratum corneum
D)deep dermis just above the hypodermis
E)stratum basale

Question 35

Which of the following statements is NOT a correct description of the structure of skin?

A)The dermis is usually thicker than the epidermis.
B)The stratum basale forms the deepest layer of the epidermis.
C)The subcutaneous layer is between the dermis and epidermis.
D)The dermis contains smooth muscle and nerve tissue.
E)The epidermis is avascular.

Question 36

The most common form of skin cancer is called

A)basal cell carcinoma
B)squamous cell carcinoma
C)granular cell carcinoma
D)malignant melanoma
E)epidermal melanoma

Question 37

Which layer of the epidermis thickens during the formation of a callus?

A)stratum spinosum
B)stratum basale
C)stratum lucidum
D)stratum corneum
E)stratum granulosum

Question 38

Which of the following scientific terms means "within the skin"?

A)intradermal
B)hypodermal
C)transdermal
D)subcutaneous
E)pruritus

Question 39

Which layer of the skin contains cells that produce pigments that help protect the skin from the sun's ultraviolet light?

A)epidermis
B)dermis
C)subcutaneous layer
D)basement membrane
E)parietal layer

Question 40

A burn that penetrates through the entire epidermis and some of the dermis is a

A)first-degree burn
B)second-degree burn
C)third-degree burn
D)fourth-degree burn
E)blister

Question 41

Carotene is a pigment of the skin.

Question 42

Gray hair contains more melanin than blond or red hair.

Question 43

The hair matrix within the follicle produces new hairs by cell division.

Question 44

The skin produces vitamin D after exposure to UV light.

Question 45

Intraepidermal macrophages are important components in the immune defense of the skin.

Question 46

The general term for any form of itching is

A)psoriasis
B)eczema
C)pruritus
D)impetigo
E)contact dermatitis

Question 47

The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin.

Question 48

During tattooing, ink is deposited into the _____ of the skin.

A)epidermis
B)dermis
C)hypodermis
D)subcutaneous fat
E)capillary loops of the dermal papillae

Question 49

Increased secretion of androgens at puberty stimulates typical body hair growth patterns in both adolescent males and females.

Question 50

Malignant melanoma is a life-threatening type of skin cancer that arises from unregulated growth and division of

A)intraepidermal macrophages
B)keratinocytes
C)tactile epithelial cells
D)melanocytes
E)fibroblasts

Question 51

The dermis contains both elastic and collagen fibers.

Question 52

In response to high environmental temperatures or increased heat production during exercise, all of the following responses would occur in skin EXCEPT

A)increased blood flow near the surface of the skin.
B)vasodilation of blood vessels in the dermis of the skin.
C)increased secretion from sudoriferous glands.
D)increased evaporation of sweat from the skin.
E)contraction of arrector pili muscles.

Question 53

The deepest layer of the epidermis contains adipose tissue.

Question 54

Carotene tends to form patches in the skin called freckles.

Question 55

Which of the following is NOT an early warning sign that a mole or skin discoloration is potentially melanoma?

A)asymmetry
B)irregular border
C)uneven coloration
D)diameter greater than 6 millimeters
E)protruding above the skin surface by at least 5 millimeters

Question 56

Smoking greatly accelerates the loss of elasticity of elastic fibers in the skin leading to premature aging.

Question 57

The hypodermis is the layer of skin adjacent to the epidermis.

Question 58

The stratum spinosum of the skin has a high mitotic activity.

Question 59

The arrector pili muscle attaches directly to the root of a hair.

Question 60

Sebum is secreted by sweat glands.

Question 61

The pigment formed in specialized cells found in the stratum basale is _____.

Question 62

Ceruminous glands are found in the external auditory canal and secrete wax.

Question 63

Frequent showers and water exposure help maintain the skin's moisture.

Question 64

Freckles are an accumulation of melanin.

Question 65

Androgenic alopecia is a name for genetic condition also known as male-pattern baldness.

Question 66

Cancer involving the unregulated cellular division of _____ is considered to be one of the most serious skin cancers.

Question 67

The easiest place to find large amounts of adipose tissue in the skin is in the dermis.

Question 68

The whitish portion of a fingernail found near the nail root is called the _____.

Question 69

The superficial portion of the hair that projects above the surface of the skin is the _____.

Question 70

Cold receptors are free nerve endings found in the _____.

Question 71

_____ are pressure ulcers caused by decreased blood circulation to an area of the skin.

Question 72

Plates of tightly packed, hard, dead, keratinized cells of the epidermis found at the distal end of fingers and toes are referred to as _____.

Question 73

Tactile epithelial cells and type I cutaneous mechanoreceptors detect touch sensations in the skin.

Question 74

Differences in the skin color of people are primarily due to the number of melanocytes found in their epidermis.

Question 75

A corn is a painful thickening of the stratum basale between the toes.

Question 76

Keratinocytes are found exclusively in the outer strata of the epidermis.

Question 77

A burn that involves the surface of the epidermis only is a _____ -degree burn.

Question 78

Dandruff is excessive shedding of keratinized cells from the scalp.

Question 79

The portion of a fingernail that is visible from the surface is the nail _____.

Question 80

A heightened sensitivity of the skin to sunlight is called photosensitivity, which is characterized by reddening, itching, blistering, peeling, hives and even shock.