Deck 1: Organization of the Human Body

Question 1

The maintenance of relatively stable conditions within the body is known as

A)responsiveness
B)homeostasis
C)differentiation
D)growth
E)all of the choices are correct

Answer 1

B

Question 2

The process by which unspecialized cells become specialized cells is called

A)anabolism
B)catabolism
C)metabolism
D)differentiation
E)homeostasis

Answer 2

D

Question 3

All of the following are components of the negative feedback systems that control homeostasis EXCEPT

A)control center
B)receptor
C)receiver
D)effector
E)all of the choices are basic components of the feedback system

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Which of the following structures of a feedback system sends input to the control center?

A)effector
B)receptor
C)affector
D)stimulus
E)none of the choices is correct

Question 5

A gluteal injection refers to an injection into the

A)buttock
B)thigh
C)ankle
D)upper arm
E)abdomen

Question 6

The plane that divides the body into a superior and inferior portion is a/an

A)parasagittal plane
B)midsagittal plane
C)transverse plane
D)oblique plane
E)frontal plane

Question 7

Baroreceptors in the feedback system that control blood pressure sense changes in the

A)rate of blood flow through the aorta.
B)force of the blood as it presses against the walls of blood vessels.
C)temperature of the blood.
D)amount of stretch on the heart as it fills with blood.
E)amount of tissue damage inflicted by high blood pressure.

Question 8

The level of organization when different multiple types of tissues join together is called the

A)chemical level
B)cellular level
C)tissue level
D)organ level
E)system level

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a basic tissue type?

A)connective tissue
B)epithelial tissue
C)cartilage tissue
D)nervous tissue
E)muscle tissue

Question 10

In the anatomical position, the subject

A)is lying face down.
B)has his/her arms placed above the head.
C)has his/her arms folded on the chest.
D)is standing upright facing the observer with the palms backwards.
E)is standing upright facing the observer with the palms forward.

Question 11

The sternum (breastbone)is ___ to the heart.

A)posterior
B)anterior
C)inferior
D)lateral
E)distal

Question 12

The science that deals with the treatment of disease using drugs is called

A)physiology
B)anatomy
C)epidemiology
D)pharmacology
E)pathophysiology

Question 13

Which of the following is a symptom of disease rather than a sign?

A)nausea
B)bleeding
C)vomiting
D)fever
E)rash

Question 14

The sum of all chemical processes that occur in the human body is referred to as

A)anabolism
B)catabolism
C)metabolism
D)differentiation
E)homeostasis

Question 15

A plane that divides the body into unequal left and right portions is called a/an

A)parasagittal plane
B)midsagittal plane
C)frontal plane
D)transverse plane
E)oblique plane

Question 16

All of the following are examples of organs EXCEPT

A)stomach
B)heart
C)epithelium
D)brain
E)gallbladder

Question 17

The science dealing with body functions is called

A)physiology
B)cytology
C)anatomy
D)histology
E)biology

Question 18

A group of related organs that have a common function is called a/an

A)organ
B)system
C)tissue
D)group
E)organism

Question 19

The life process of reproduction refers to

A)an increase in the size of cells.
B)the formation of new cells.
C)the production of a new individual.
D)both formation of new cells and production of a new individual.
E)both an increase in the size of cells and formation of new cells.

Question 20

In a negative feedback system, the response of the effector to a stimulus

A)enhances the original stimulus.
B)eliminates the original stimulus.
C)reverses the original stimulus.
D)does not change the original stimulus.
E)is not related to the original stimulus.

Question 21

Which of the following is NOT one of the nine abdominopelvic regions?

A)left lumbar region
B)right upper region
C)right inguinal region
D)epigastric region
E)pubic region

Question 22

Which of the following organs does NOT belong to the digestive system?

A)liver
B)gallbladder
C)ureter
D)stomach
E)salivary glands

Question 23

In the anatomical position, the ring finger is ___ to the little finger.

A)lateral
B)medial
C)deep
D)distal
E)proximal

Question 24

The body cavity containing the urinary bladder and portions of the large intestine is the

A)pelvic cavity
B)abdominal cavity
C)mediastinum
D)pleural cavity
E)dorsal cavity

Question 25

Which of the following physiological processes is controlled by positive feedback?

A)regulation of blood sugar
B)initiation of blood clotting
C)control of blood pressure
D)maintenance of body temperature
E)control of breathing rate

Question 26

Failure of the body to maintain homeostasis will

A)have no effect on health.
B)cause illness and possibly death.
C)always cause death.
D)initiate positive feedback.
E)enhance the immune response to pathogens.

Question 27

All of the following are controlled by homeostatic mechanisms, EXCEPT

A)the skeletal muscle contractions used for walking
B)blood pressure
C)body temperature
D)blood sugar levels
E)breathing rate

Question 28

The organs found inside the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities are commonly referred to as

A)mediastinum
B)mammary glands
C)abdominal organs
D)viscera
E)pleural organs

Question 29

The organ system that regulates the body's activities using chemical regulators called hormones is the

A)digestive system
B)endocrine system
C)nervous system
D)cardiovascular system
E)integumentary system

Question 30

Which of the following directional terms best describes structures found toward the back region of the body?

A)ventral
B)dorsal
C)proximal
D)distal
E)medial

Question 31

All of the following are functions of the cardiovascular system EXCEPT

A)oxygen transport
B)carbon dioxide transport
C)red blood cell production
D)mending damaged blood vessels
E)transport of nutrients and wastes

Question 32

The smallest living units within an organism are

A)atoms
B)molecules
C)cells
D)tissues
E)organs

Question 33

The organ system that transports fats from the gastrointestinal tract to the blood in the cardiovascular system is the

A)digestive system
B)endocrine system
C)lymphatic system
D)urinary system
E)respiratory system

Question 34

The anatomical term for navel is

A)crural
B)inguinal
C)umbilical
D)femoral
E)coxal

Question 35

The pericardial cavity contains the

A)lungs
B)thyroid glands
C)brain
D)heart
E)stomach

Question 36

The spleen and liver are located in the

A)pelvic cavity
B)cranial cavity
C)abdominal cavity
D)thoracic cavity
E)vertebral cavity

Question 37

The anatomical term which best describes a structure that is found toward the head is

A)superficial
B)deep
C)inferior
D)superior
E)anterior

Question 38

All of the following are found inferior to the diaphragm EXCEPT the

A)thymus gland
B)gall bladder
C)large intestine
D)small intestine
E)urinary bladder

Question 39

The ___ is the region between the lungs from the breastbone to the vertebral column.

A)vertebral canal
B)pericardium
C)mediastinum
D)pleural cavity
E)manubrium

Question 40

Which of the following abdominopelvic regions contains portions of the stomach?

A)right hypochondriac region
B)left hypochondriac region
C)epigastric region
D)both right hypochondriac region and left hypochondriac region
E)both left hypochondriac region and epigastric region

Question 41

To describe the position of one body structure relative to another, anatomists use directional terms.

Question 42

The chemical level of structural organization includes all chemicals needed to maintain life.

Question 43

The splitting of proteins into amino acids which are then used to make new proteins is an example of the life process called

A)responsiveness
B)reproduction
C)metabolism
D)differentiation
E)homeostasis

Question 44

The science that deals with medical problems and care of the elderly is called

A)epidemiology
B)geriatrics
C)pathology
D)pharmacology
E)obstetrics

Question 45

The integumentary system protects all the other body systems.

Question 46

The release of insulin from pancreatic islet cells in response to an increase in the blood glucose concentration after a meal is an example of which of the following life processes?

A)metabolism
B)responsiveness
C)movement
D)growth
E)differentiation

Question 47

Otitis refers to inflammation in what region of the body?

A)nose
B)eye
C)neck
D)cheek
E)ear

Question 48

Anatomy refers to both structure and function of the body.

Question 49

Which of the following is NOT a change associated with aging?

A)wrinkled skin
B)diminished reflexes
C)increased insulin production
D)decreased muscle strength
E)loss of bone mass

Question 50

In the negative feedback system that controls the body's response to decreased body temperature, the skeletal muscles play the role of

A)receptors
B)input signals
C)control centers
D)output signals
E)effectors

Question 51

The life process by which a hemocytoblast (unspecialized stem cell)becomes an erythroblast that will then mature into a red blood cell is called

A)metabolism
B)movement
C)growth
D)differentiation
E)reproduction

Question 52

A disease that affects a limited area of the body is referred to as a/an ___ disease.

A)systemic
B)local
C)systematic
D)epidemic
E)endemic

Question 53

Two or more atoms combine together to form

A)cells
B)organs
C)organ systems
D)molecules
E)none of the choices is correct

Question 54

The control center determines the range within which a controlled condition needs to be maintained.

Question 55

The science that deals with the nature and causes of abnormal conditions, and the structural and functional changes that diseases produce is called

A)epidemiology
B)geriatrics
C)pathology
D)pharmacology
E)obstetrics

Question 56

Reproduction refers exclusively to the formation of new cells for growth, repair, and replacement.

Question 57

The anatomical term used to describe the region of the neck is

A)facial
B)brachial
C)cervical
D)thoracic
E)mental

Question 58

The organ system that consists of skin, along with associated structures like hair and sweat glands, is the

A)skeletal system
B)integumentary system
C)muscular system
D)endocrine system
E)cardiovascular system

Question 59

A midsagittal plane always divides the body into equal superior and inferior portions.

Question 60

Stress can cause disruptions in homeostasis, because it creates an imbalance in the internal environment.

Question 61

Pathology is the science that deals with why, when and where diseases occur and how they are transmitted within a defined human population.

Question 62

For practical purposes, clinicians prefer to use the quadrant system of dividing the abdominopelvic cavity instead of the nine region system used by anatomists.

Question 63

The science dealing with the structures of the human body is called ____.

Question 64

The endocrine system would be the most likely control system for a homeostatic process that requires a rapidly induced change.

Question 65

Maintenance of relatively stable conditions in the internal environment of the human body is called _____.

Question 66

All the body systems combined make up a/an _____.

Question 67

Childbirth is a good example of a positive feedback mechanism.

Question 68

Less efficient functioning of the digestive system and decreased function of the kidneys are changes often associated with aging.

Question 69

Aging can cause a decreased susceptibility to cancer.

Question 70

The heart is located in the mediastinum.

Question 71

Blood pressure, which is the force of flowing blood against the walls of the arteries, is maintained within a narrow range by a _____ feedback system.

Question 72

Molecules combine to form structures at the _____ level of organization.

Question 73

Ability to detect and respond to changes in either the internal or external environment is called _____.

Question 74

The spinal cord and the brain are located in the cranial cavity.

Question 75

A life process by which unspecialized cells become specialized cells is called _____.

Question 76

Aging is a normal process associated with a reduced ability to maintain homeostasis.

Question 77

The heart is superior to the cranium.

Question 78

Aging affects all body systems.

Question 79

The wrist is proximal to the fingers.

Question 80

Largest level of organization within the human body is the _____ level.