Deck 8: Motivation, Leadership, and Teamwork

Question 1

Monica enjoys her job and her co-workers. She feels her work environment is safe and her salary is a good one. Her benefits, though, are inadequate for her family's situation. According to Herzberg, Monica will not be motivated by the hygiene factors she experiences because she takes them for granted.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Programs that identify employees' talents and skills and then support efforts to further develop them are called strength-based management systems.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

The Q12 classifies employees who work with passion and add to the success of the company as "engaged."

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Denise is working on a project for her psychology class and has decided to replicate, on a small scale, Elton Mayo's work. If her results match his, then the production outputs will fall.

Question 5

The vice president at Steve's company recently assigned him a very challenging project. Steve successfully completed it on time and within budget. The feeling of satisfaction he has for this job well done is an extrinsic motivator for Steve.

Question 6

Dwayne's company asks every employee to help make important decisions. Once the final decision is reached, every employee is polled to see if this decision is acceptable. Dwayne's company is attempting to work under the modern system of sociocracy.

Question 7

Rosa has a challenging job at a company that she respects. Her only regret is that her supervisor does not seem to appreciate her accomplishments and work ethic. According to Maslow, Rosa will strive to satisfy her esteem needs before addressing her self-actualization needs.

Question 8

Teresa likes her job and believes that the tasks she completes each day actually make a difference to the success of her company. She thinks there's always a good chance she'll be rewarded in some way for her work, perhaps even with a very large raise. According to Vroom's model, Teresa's motivation is high.

Question 9

The Motorola team that developed the Razr cell phone was a good, working team because they agreed on the objectives at hand and on the best approach to solve the problem. In management terms, this phenomenon is called groupthink.

Question 10

Brenda is a clerk at a greeting card store. She finds the work so simple that she finishes her duties quickly and uses the extra time in her work day to complete personal tasks. Brenda is in a flow state.

Question 11

Gen-Xers are the focus of most marketing efforts because they are the biggest spenders in history.

Question 12

Both extrinsic motivators and intrinsic motivators are within a manager's control.

Question 13

Mario works as an accountant for a large firm. He frequently sends email messages to co-workers that contain jokes about disgruntled employees and their difficult bosses. He interrupts meetings with random complaints about the company and often tries to coax fellow accountants to join him for long lunches. According to the Q12, Mario is an "actively disengaged" employee.

Question 14

Companies who use the Theory Z management style model tend to see high turnover and low morale in the workforce.

Question 15

Chris owns a small grocery store. He notices that his employees seem unmotivated to work harder during peak times in his business. Chris increases the number of bonuses each employee may earn during those seasons. Chris is assuming his employees are motivated intrinsically.

Question 16

Organizational psychology is the study of how to create a workplace that fosters motivation and productivity among employees.

Question 17

Frederick Taylor encouraged managers to use scientific study to determine the best methods to complete tasks and then train their employees in these methods.

Question 18

According to Maslow, esteem needs are satisfied by establishing safe and stable places to work.

Question 19

Sandra is an office manager. She believes her employees are unmotivated and cannot adequately complete the simplest tasks without written, step-by-step instructions from her. She knows that if she leaves the office for even the shortest amount of time, her employees will goof off and accomplish nothing. Sandra most likely operates under the management style model, Theory X.

Question 20

According to McClelland's "three needs" theory, when an individual has multiple needs, one need tends to dominate the others.

Question 21

Andre had a difficult time finding a job after college. Eventually he found work selling office equipment, which did not interest him much. Andre's sales are low and so is his motivation to do more for the company for which he works. According to the Q12, Andre is classified as ________.

A)engaged
B)not engaged
C)actively disengaged
D)highly engaged

Question 22

The need for affiliation in McClelland's "three-needs" theory most closely resembles which need in Maslow's hierarchy?

A)safety
B)belonging
C)self-actualization
D)esteem

Question 23

Bert owns a company that provides institutional cleaning services. He likes things done to his exact standards and does not tolerate any other methods. According to McClelland's "three needs" theory, Bert's dominate need is ________.

A)achievement
B)safety
C)power
D)affiliation

Question 24

Eric's new job really interests him. He finds himself completely immersed in his work and so focused that the tasks seem effortless. What term describes this state of rapt attention?

A)flow
B)expectancy
C)resonance
D)valence

Question 25

Strong leadership often comes at the expense of others.

Question 26

Effective leaders do not challenge accepted beliefs so that their leadership is not put into question.

Question 27

Emi has worked as a computer programmer for the same company for five years. She is actively looking for another job and spends a great deal of her work day scanning want ads, making phone calls, and chatting with her co-workers. She completes none of her work tasks and is secretly pleased to negatively affect the company with whom she is employed. According to the Q12, Emi is classified as ________.

A)engaged
B)not engaged
C)actively disengaged
D)highly engaged

Question 28

Which of the following best defines McClelland's need for achievement?

A)It is the need to accomplish something difficult on one's own.
B)It is the need to form close relationships with others.
C)It is the need to be able to control the behavior of others.
D)It is the need to establish safe and stable places to live and work.

Question 29

According to Maslow, which need are people striving to satisfy when they seek stable places to live and work?

A)belonging
B)esteem
C)physiological
D)safety

Question 30

Anna, a psychology major, has decided to specialize in the study of how to create a workplace that fosters motivation and productivity among employees. This is known as ________ psychology.

A)social
B)organizational
C)developmental
D)personal

Question 31

After accepting a new job and moving to a new city, Tania felt isolated and unhappy. After a few months, she became friends with some of her co-workers and joined a book club. According to Maslow, Tania fulfilled her need for ________.

A)safety
B)belonging
C)self-actualization
D)physiological

Question 32

The Q12 has identified Miranda as an actively disengaged employee. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)Miranda does not hinder others' work.
B)Miranda is indifferent to the company.
C)Miranda adds to the success of the company.
D)Miranda combats the efforts of engaged employees.

Question 33

The most important aspect of Stephen Covey's Seven Habits model is thinking in terms of win-win because most achievements are based on cooperative efforts.

Question 34

Martin was named "Employee of the Month" for his outstanding customer service. According to Maslow, this award may help satisfy Martin's need for ________.

A)esteem
B)belonging
C)self-actualization
D)safety

Question 35

The Q12 identified Sarah as an employee who is not engaged. Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A)Sarah feels obligated to the company.
B)Sarah makes little contribution to the company.
C)Sarah works in a disruptive manner.
D)Sarah combats the efforts of engaged workers.

Question 36

In Maslow's hierarchy, the need for water, food, and sleep are classified as ________.

A)self-actualization needs
B)safety needs
C)belonging needs
D)physiological needs

Question 37

According to Maslow, which need are people striving to satisfy when they seek to maximize their own potential?

A)esteem
B)physiological
C)self-actualization
D)safety

Question 38

Luis works as a marketing manager for a consumer products company. He feels strongly about the product lines he manages and is dedicated to the company's mission and ideals. Luis' product lines are among the best sellers in the company. According to the Q12, Luis is classified as ________.

A)engaged
B)not engaged
C)actively disengaged
D)moderately disengaged

Question 39

Global Tech, Inc. has employees all over the world. Employees have face-to-face meetings on occasion, but they mostly communicate with each other via conference call, email, and Web casts. These employees form a virtual team.

Question 40

Which of the following is the best example of an employee in a flow state?

A)Gloria finds her job tasks more challenging than she expected, which often leads to her frustration.
B)Pedro finds his job tasks much simpler than he expected, which sometimes leads to boredom.
C)Diana feels in control of her job situation, which often leads to her producing her best work.
D)Yuki feels her job is adequately challenging but does not make the best use of her skills.

Question 41

Ken owns a food services company and recently negotiated a contract with a new restaurant chain. The satisfaction Ken feels for this success is a(n)________.

A)intrinsic motivator
B)extrinsic motivator
C)resonance motivator
D)virtual motivator

Question 42

Karen is an accountant for a large construction company. Her supervisor decides to reward Karen's excellent performance with a one-time bonus. To Karen, this could be a(n)________.

A)intrinsic motivator
B)extrinsic motivator
C)resonance motivator
D)virtual motivator

Question 43

Eva runs a housecleaning business. She provides each employee with a written set of step-by-step instructions for how to use each cleaner and how to clean every aspect of a client's home. Eva routinely drops in unannounced to make sure her employees are doing as they're told. Eva knows her employees seek only the security of a job with a paycheck and do not care about the quality of the work they produce. Eva's management style can be classified as ________.

A)Theory X
B)Theory Y
C)Theory Z
D)Expectancy Theory

Question 44

Which of the following is NOT a hygiene factor according to Herzberg?

A)safe working environment
B)promotion opportunities
C)proper pay and benefits
D)positive relationships

Question 45

Which statement about Theory Z is FALSE?

A)It is based on a Japanese management style.
B)It relies on collaborative decision making.
C)It often creates high productivity.
D)It often creates high turnover.

Question 46

In which type of business would you most likely find a Theory X style of management?

A)District Attorney's office
B)social think tank
C)mass manufacturing company
D)long-term care hospital

Question 47

According to Vroom's model, instrumentality answers which of the following questions?

A)Does my working harder lead to a positive outcome for myself?
B)How good will I feel if I can accomplish this task?
C)How good will my reward be for my noteworthy performance level?
D)How serious a punishment do I expect if I do not perform well?

Question 48

Doug runs a lawn care company. He believes his employees are motivated to do a good job for the customer without his having to constantly involve himself in their work. He does do some spot checks, but mainly to show his support for his employees. He knows his employees will go the extra mile for the customer and treat lawn problems they notice along the way. Doug's management style can be classified as ________.

A)Theory X
B)Theory Y
C)Theory Z
D)Expectancy Theory

Question 49

InfoTech offers its employees long-term employment with a focus on individual responsibility. As a result, its workers are loyal to the organization, are highly productive, and have strong morale. The management style InfoTech most likely is applying is ________.

A)Theory X
B)Theory Y
C)Theory Z
D)Expectancy Theory

Question 50

William was a factory worker in the 1920s. His company trained him in the exact sequence of steps he needed to make each day so that he would work to maximum productivity. William's company was using the principles of ________.

A)uncertainty management
B)management by objectives
C)strength-based management
D)scientific management

Question 51

Which statement about a Theory Y management style is FALSE?

A)People see work as a natural part of life.
B)Managers allow employees to create their own motivation.
C)People mainly want security in their jobs.
D)People will inherently seek responsibility.

Question 52

According to Vroom's model, which psychological force answers the question, "How great a reward will there be if my performance is exemplary?"

A)expectancy
B)instrumentality
C)valence
D)resonance

Question 53

For her psychology project, Melissa has decided to study the production levels of cooks at a local fast food restaurant. She expects the cooks in her study group to outperform the cooks in her control group because of ________.

A)the Hawthorne effect
B)the Taylor effect
C)intrinsic motivators
D)extrinsic motivators

Question 54

Juan is frustrated with his job of five years. He feels like nothing he does has any effect on the company's success or failure. He believes that his personal successes probably will not benefit him and, if there is any benefit, it will be very small. According to Vroom, Juan has ________.

A)high motivation
B)low motivation
C)nonexistent motivation
D)extreme motivation

Question 55

Natalia is a new employee in the sales department. Her early results are so tremendous that the regional sales manager sent an email to the sales department praising Natalia's work. To Natalia, this could be a(n)________.

A)intrinsic motivator
B)extrinsic motivator
C)resonance motivator
D)virtual motivator

Question 56

Barbara is a high school teacher and just completed her master's degree in education. Her department head rewards her with an increase in salary. To Barbara, this could be a(n)________.

A)intrinsic motivator
B)extrinsic motivator
C)resonance motivator
D)virtual motivator

Question 57

Anna, a psychology major, studied the history of her favorite subject. She learned that in the early 1900s, ________ psychology was created to understand scientifically how to manage employees and work optimally.

A)social
B)developmental
C)organizational
D)industrial

Question 58

Regina enjoys her work and feels her salary and benefits are excellent. Unfortunately, Regina shares an office with a co-worker she finds extremely difficult. Regina finds herself dreading heading off to work each morning. According to Herzberg, ________.

A)Regina will take her hygiene factors for granted and not be motivated to make any changes in her work environment
B)Regina will be motivated to improve her hygiene factors and seek a way to work in a more positive environment
C)Regina will focus her efforts on motivator factors and seek recognition for what she accomplishes in her difficult environment
D)Regina will focus her efforts on motivator factors and seek to improve her sense of responsibility

Question 59

Antonio owns a small auto body shop. He is concerned with apathy among his employees and decides to add some extrinsic motivators in hopes of increasing performance. Which of the following is NOT an extrinsic motivator Antonio may try?

A)increased pay for specific work
B)promotional opportunities within the company
C)an "employee of the month" program
D)offering work employees may find more satisfying

Question 60

According to the Hawthorne effect, ________.

A)workers will be more productive when the physical influences on the workplace suit them
B)workers will be more productive when the psychological influences on the workplace suit them
C)workers will be more productive when they know they are being studied
D)workers will be less productive when they know they are being studied

Question 61

Donald was just assigned supervisory responsibilities for two problem employees. Donald tends to use tight controls and closely monitors employees' work. He believes threats are the best motivation tool out there. Which of the following best describes Donald's leadership style?

A)coaching
B)democratic
C)autocratic
D)pacesetting

Question 62

________ is the motivational theory that suggests people react strongly to situations they judge to be unfair and these reactions influence their job satisfaction and performance.

A)Sociocracy management theory
B)Uncertainty management theory
C)Theory X management theory
D)Theory Z management theory

Question 63

GlobeTrekkers, Inc. has employees all over the world. Employees have face-to-face meetings on occasion, but they communicate with each other mostly via conference call, email, and Web casts. These employees ________.

A)form a virtual team
B)achieve group flow
C)suffer from groupthink
D)do not have resonance

Question 64

Amelia manages a group of administrative assistants. For them to create their best work, she would like to increase their motivation levels and foster an atmosphere of flow. What kinds of things can Amelia do?

Question 65

Dominic works in a consumer products firm. He has a safe working environment, an excellent salary, good benefits, and friendly co-workers. Dominic has recently applied for another position in another department. According to Herzberg, what is most likely motivating Dominic's interest in the other job?

Question 66

Which of the following is NOT part of Stephen Covey's Seven Habits model?

A)Begin with the end in mind and stay focused on the ultimate goal.
B)Be reactive to the environment as often as possible.
C)Think about win-win solutions so all parties are content.
D)Synergize and think about creative cooperation.

Question 67

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a good team setting for group flow?

A)use of round tables and notepads
B)displays of informational charts, graphs, and summaries
C)focus on the product's target market
D)use of prototypes and visualization techniques

Question 68

Jack works for a small software company. The owner asks Jack and his co-workers to brainstorm ways to improve customer satisfaction and to vote on which ones they'd like to implement. Once the final decisions are made, the owner asks Jack for his acceptance. The owner of the software company is attempting to implement which motivational theory?

A)uncertainty
B)sociocracy
C)Theory X
D)Theory Y

Question 69

Erica just received the "Salesperson of the Year" award for her outstanding work last year. Erica now feels motivated to beat these numbers next year. Is Erica responding to extrinsic or intrinsic motivators? How do you know?

Question 70

Christina supervises a group of employees at a company that just went through a downsizing. Many other supervisors are no longer with the company and their employees have been assigned to Christina. Her group has doubled in size and there are some hard feelings among the employees. Christina decides to hold group breakfast meetings once a week to connect people to one another and to boost morale. She is an empathetic leader who listens to her employees and helps solve conflicts. Which of the following best describes Christina's leadership style?

A)visionary
B)commanding
C)pacesetting
D)affiliative

Question 71

Define the concept of flow.

Question 72

Laurie is an independent thinker and enjoys change. She also values her family life over her work life. Laurie is most likely from which generation?

A)Silent
B)Boomer
C)Gen-X
D)Millennial

Question 73

Ross's work team is made up of various members of the art department who have all worked together for many years. They like that they work in synch and rarely have to explain things to each other because they are so much alike. A threat to Ross' work team is narrow mindedness caused by ________.

A)groupthink
B)group flow
C)virtual think
D)virtual flow

Question 74

Jeffrey runs a small magazine, which has always been printed and mailed to subscribers. Jeffrey has dreamed of creating a way to provide customers with an inexpensive, portable, electronic resource for reading magazines. To inspire his employees and move them toward sharing in his dream, he holds small group meetings to explain how their efforts can contribute to his goals. Which of the following best describes Jeffrey's leadership style?

A)visionary
B)democratic
C)pacesetting
D)affiliative

Question 75

Bernie is working as many overtime hours as he can to cover the down payment on his family's new house. According to Maslow, what needs are motivating Bernie to work extra hours?

Question 76

Yoshi is charged with the task of forming a high-functioning work team. To accomplish this task, he must consider all of the following EXCEPT ________.

A)whether the team should be large or small
B)the time frame in which a team will work
C)how other teams in his company were created
D)whether the team is being created formally or informally

Question 77

Isabella has been assigned a job in a completely new division and is unsure of what the future holds for her and her career. Isabella was surprised that the company's newest hire was named division head. She feels this promotion was unfair and that others deserved it more. Isabella is beginning to feel so dissatisfied with the new situation that she completes less and less work each day. The motivational theory that attempts to understand Isabella's situation is ________.

A)sociocracy management theory
B)Theory X management theory
C)Theory Z management theory
D)uncertainty management theory

Question 78

Timothy is president of a large company. He is known for being an excellent listener and collaborator. He believes that the working environment would improve if employees were organized into cross-functional work teams instead of functional departments. In order to build a consensus for this new environment, Timothy asks for employee input and participation. Which of the following best describes Timothy's leadership style?

A)visionary
B)democratic
C)pacesetting
D)commanding

Question 79

________ is the motivational theory that suggests that all members of an organization should be involved in decision making and all members should support, in some manner, the final decision.

A)Sociocracy
B)Uncertainty
C)Theory X
D)Theory Z

Question 80

Maxwell is a freshman in college and believes in his self-worth and value. He has high expectations for his achievement in his eventual career. Maxwell spends a good deal of money each month, often making "copurchases" with his parents. Maxwell is most likely from which generation?

A)Silent
B)Boomer
C)Gen-X
D)Millennial