Deck 13: Legal Controls and Freedom of Expression

Question 1

The United States follows a libertarian model of free expression and free press.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Print and broadcast media are treated equally under the First Amendment.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The Internet is subject to the Communications Act of 1934.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

In 1912, federal law outlawed the transportation of boxing movies across state lines, not because they were violent but because there had been a black heavyweight boxing champion since 1908.

Question 5

According to twentieth-century U.S.Supreme Court decisions, the print media have received First Amendment protections that are not always granted to broadcast media.

Question 6

Parodies and insults of public figures are protected from libel suits unless the statements cause undue emotional pain.

Question 7

Motion pictures have been defined as free speech by the U.S.Supreme Court since 1915.

Question 8

According to the 1934 Communications Act, broadcast stations must provide equal opportunities and response time for qualified political candidates.

Question 9

Currently, both print journalists and broadcasters need federal licenses to operate their businesses.

Question 10

One of the purposes of privacy laws is to prevent unauthorized use of a person's name or likeness for commercial gain.

Question 11

The U.S.Supreme Court ruled that the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)cannot ban indecent programming on the radio from 6 a.m.to 10 p.m.

Question 12

Newspapers are not required by law to give individuals an opportunity to reply to an editorial attack.

Question 13

Defamation that is broadcast is considered slander because it is spoken rather than written.

Question 14

The U.S.Supreme Court has defined censorship as prior restraint of speech.

Question 15

Appropriating a writer's or artist's words or music without consent or payment is a form of expression that is not protected as speech.

Question 16

Broadcasters are no longer legally required to provide competing points of view when airing programs about controversial issues.

Question 17

If a soon-to-be-released article seems to violate libel or obscenity laws, most U.S.courts would act to stop publication.

Question 18

For the first half of the twentieth century, local and state film review boards were considered constitutional.

Question 19

The Miller v.California case established a national standard for obscenity that is the same for all communities in the United States.

Question 20

Students who quote and cite a copyrighted source in a term paper for class are technically violating the law.

Question 21

Which model of expression tolerates all forms of speech, including pornography?

A)Authoritarian
B)State
C)Libertarian
D)Social responsibility
E)Communitarian

Question 22

As it was originally ratified by the states in 1788, the U.S.Constitution did not include a guarantee of freedom of the press.

Question 23

Movies released in the United States are required by federal law to be labeled with an MPAA movie rating.

Question 24

Which model of the press is most often associated with today's mainstream U.S.news media?

A)Authoritarian
B)State
C)Libertarian
D)Social responsibility

Question 25

There is no federal shield law for journalists in the United States.

Question 26

The Sedition Act of 1798 ended up solidifying American support of a free press.

Question 27

Prosecutors can legally accuse defendants of crimes in court because of which exception?

A)Copyright
B)Fair use
C)Libel
D)Absolute privilege
E)Censorship

Question 28

Private individuals must prove falsehood, damages, and negligence to win which kind of case?

A)Copyright
B)Fair use
C)Libel
D)Absolute privilege
E)Censorship

Question 29

Public speech that causes someone damage or actual injury is libelous, even if the speech in question is true.

Question 30

A written or broadcast expression that defames someone's character is

A)Copyright
B)Fair use
C)Libel
D)Absolute privilege
E)Censorship

Question 31

Charles T.Schenck was found guilty of violating the Sedition Act.

Question 32

Which choice is not part of the legal definition of obscenity?

A)A work must appeal to prurient interest
B)A work must lack serious social value
C)A work must depict or describe dirty words and brutal violence
D)A work must depict sexual conduct that violates community standards

Question 33

In the Progressive magazine case, a federal district court took a course of action based on concern that the magazine would publish

A)Information on how an H-bomb works
B)A story that defamed the president
C)Obscene material
D)A story that endorsed drug use
E)Copyrighted material

Question 34

What type of information is WikiLeaks famous for publishing?

A)Pornography
B)Celebrity scandals
C)Government documents
D)Music without obtaining copyright permission

Question 35

The Pentagon Papers case involved which legal concern?

A)Copyright
B)Fair use
C)Libel
D)Absolute privilege
E)Censorship

Question 36

When the movie rating system first developed in the late 1960s, the G, PG, PG-13, R, X, and NC-17 ratings were all developed at that time and put immediately into place.

Question 37

It is harder for a private citizen to win a libel suit than for a public figure to win a libel suit.

Question 38

The Progressive magazine decision involved prior restraint of a publication about building a nuclear weapon.

Question 39

In the Mutual v.Ohio (1915)decision, the U.S.Supreme Court ruled that film was

A)A "business pure and simple"
B)A "spectacle"
C)Not a form of free speech
D)All options are correct

Question 40

In 1912, in the first type of national action limiting the film industry, the U.S.government banned the interstate commerce of these kinds of films.

A)Pornographic films
B)Films endorsing anarchy
C)Films about labor unions
D)Boxing films
E)German films

Question 41

The Child Online Protection Act

A)Deals with the issue of privacy
B)Makes it illegal to post "material that is harmful to minors"
C)Was declared unconstitutional
D)Is still being fought over in the courts
E)All options are correct Fill in the Blank

Question 42

Section 315 of the 1934 Communications Act requires broadcast stations to

A)Cover all sides of a controversy
B)Give all qualified political candidates an equal opportunity to obtain airtime
C)Provide response time for individuals attacked in a broadcast editorial
D)Provide educational programming for children
E)Serve the public interest of their audiences

Question 43

The ____________________ case in 1951 determined that film should be protected as a form of free speech.

A)Burstyn v.Wilson
B)Mutual v.Ohio
C)New York Times v.Sullivan
D)Progressive

Question 44

China operates under which model of the press?

A)Authoritarian
B)State
C)Libertarian
D)Social responsibility

Question 45

The U.S.Supreme Court sided with Larry Flynt in his case against Jerry Falwell because

A)Hustler magazine was never sold outside the court's jurisdiction
B)Parody falls under the "fair comment" provision
C)"Privileged speech" is protected under the First Amendment
D)Hustler was not the only national porn magazine
E)No option is correct

Question 46

What is Areopagitica?

A)A magazine involved in an early obscenity case
B)A movie that prompted development of the rating system
C)An essay defending a free press
D)A Web site that reveals government secrets

Question 47

The U.S.movie rating system is an example of

A)State regulation
B)Censorship
C)Federal regulation
D)Industry self-regulation