Deck 7: East Asia and the Spread of Buddhism, 221 Bce-845 Ce

Question 1

What evidence is there in the illustration "Ban Zhao, Han Dynasty writer" that Zhao disagreed in some ways with accepted Chinese norms for the role of women in Han society?

A) Her manner of dress is not reflective of the humility females were expected to display.
B) As an advocate of education for girls, she is reading a book.
C) In choosing to become educated, she is not displaying the filial piety expected in Han culture.
D) Reading a book as a female indicated that she would make a good wife.

Answer 1

As an advocate of education for girls, she is reading a book.

Question 2

What was the key to the Han tributary system?

A) The exchange of gifts via envoys
B) Sending royal children as hostages
C) Frequently sending armies to invade
D) Sending Confucian scholars as teachers

Answer 2

The exchange of gifts via envoys

Question 3

Which group of people did the First Emperor order to move to the capital?

A) Nobility
B) Merchants
C) Military generals
D) Foreigners

Answer 3

Nobility

Question 4

How did Gaozu change the centralized government created by the Qin?

A) He disbanded the army.
B) He gave most imperial powers back to local rulers.
C) He reduced taxes.
D) He abandoned its bureaucratic structure.

Question 5

What defensive barrier was built by the Qin emperor using conscripted labor?

A) The Grand Canal
B) The First Wall
C) The Silk Road
D) The Great Wall

Question 6

Which year marked the beginning of a unified China under the Qin state?

A) 206 C.E.
B) 581 B.C.E.
C) 221 B.C.E.
D) 764 C.E.

Question 7

Who became China's main military threat in the fifth to fourth centuries B.C.E.?

A) Koreans from the Silla kingdom
B) Nomadic horsemen of the north
C) Internal rebels trying to take control of trade
D) Bactrian merchants on the Silk Road

Question 8

How did Confucian scholars seek to make the Confucian classics more useful?

A) Made them freely available to all
B) Published them in inexpensive editions
C) Revised them
D) Wrote commentaries on them

Question 9

Which of the following was invented in China around 105 C.E.?

A) Writing
B) Bronze technology
C) Wet-field rice cultivation
D) Paper

Question 10

The early Han policy for dealing with the Xiongnu was to

A) invade and destroy their camps.
B) make peace with gifts and brides.
C) send them sons of the emperors.
D) capture as many of their horses as they could.

Question 11

Which statement is true about the Confucian classics?

A) They were the texts written by Confucius in the sixth and fifth centuries B.C.E.
B) They rejected the ideas of yin and yang and instead promoted piety.
C) They were written by the disciples of Confucius after his death.
D) They were the ancient books recovered after the book burning of the third century B.C.E.

Question 12

Who formed the first great confederation of nomadic tribes, known as the Huns in the West?

A) The Xiongnu
B) The Chengdu
C) The Qin
D) The Chang'an

Question 13

Within the city of Chang'an, pictured here, the size and position of the Imperial City along with the well-planned layout of the surrounding areas are indicative of the

A) control that the Tang Dynasty exercised over society.
B) ever-present concern of protecting the city from outside influences.
C) influence of the city of Heian upon those who planned Chang'an.
D) acceptance of commonplace urban design standards in China by the Tang.

Question 14

What happened to the Qin Dynasty after the death of the First Emperor?

A) Legalists gained power.
B) The Qin state collapsed.
C) The position of emperor became a weak figurehead.
D) His heir established popular reforms.

Question 15

What did the first Qin emperor standardize, enabling China to operate more efficiently?

A) The prices for rice and wheat were set by the government so that no one paid more than others.
B) The Chinese script, weights, measures, and coinage were standardized to facilitate trade.
C) Scholars were put to work on an official volume of Confucian theories so that religious rituals could be standardized.
D) Ritual celebrations were set to a calendar so that they could be observed everywhere at the same time.

Question 16

The Confucian scholar-official system began during the

A) Han Dynasty.
B) Qin Dynasty.
C) Age of Division.
D) Zhou period.

Question 17

What was significant about Sima Qian's writings?

A) They told the history of the eunuchs who served the Han emperors.
B) They were the first collection of Daoist ideas on government.
C) They included a comprehensive history of China and set a standard for historical writing.
D) They represented the first time a Han official had written in support of Legalism.

Question 18

What did the Han emperor Gaozu do to reestablish stability after the fall of the Qin Dynasty?

A) He resurrected Legalism as the guiding philosophy of government.
B) He enacted harsh laws and high taxes in order to quell uprisings.
C) He outlawed Confucian philosophy.
D) He retained the centralized government created by the Qin.

Question 19

Which of the following was true of metalworking in Han China?

A) It was less sophisticated than Roman metalworking.
B) It led to bronze replacing iron in tools.
C) It involved the use of liquefied iron poured into molds.
D) It resulted in bronze being phased out of all products.

Question 20

By taking over city-states in Central Asia, the Han under Emperor Wu were taking control of what transregional route?

A) Grand Canal
B) Silk Road
C) Incense Route
D) Khyber Pass

Question 21

Why did Han officials encourage peasants to be independent and productive?

A) Peasants made up the bulk of the population and contributed vital taxes and labor services to the state.
B) All peasants had high social ambitions and were easily coerced into doing difficult jobs for the possibility of advancement.
C) China's peasants were well known for their military skills and were required to serve in the emperor's army.
D) Most peasants also had secondary skills such as metalworking and weaving and were vital to keeping the economy strong.

Question 22

Ban Zhao's Admonitions for Women promoted the ideal virtues for Han women, particularly the virtue of

A) pride.
B) humility.
C) physical strength.
D) piety.

Question 23

During what dynasty did the great age of Chinese poetry occur?

A) Han
B) Qin
C) Sui
D) Tang

Question 24

Han coins and jewelry were usually made of what metal?

A) Bronze
B) Iron
C) Gold
D) Silver

Question 25

How did the inheritance system in Han China usually work?

A) All land and property were passed to the eldest son.
B) All children inherited equally.
C) Land was divided equally among the sons in a family.
D) Land and money were divided between the spouse and the oldest child.

Question 26

How did the Sui Dynasty contribute to China's infrastructure?

A) A well-planned government complex was established in Beijing.
B) Protective walls were built around cities for the first time.
C) The Yellow and Yangzi Rivers were connected by a canal.
D) China's first roads were built between Beijing and Chang'an.

Question 27

Who arranged marriages in a typical Han family?

A) Buddhist monks
B) The nearest noble
C) The groom
D) Parents

Question 28

What was the form of Buddhism that spread from Central Asia to China, Japan, and Korea?

A) Mahayana
B) Little Vehicle
C) Zen
D) Shingon

Question 29

What Chinese dynasty was founded in 581?

A) Qin
B) Sui
C) Ming
D) Han

Question 30

What attracted Chinese women to Buddhism?

A) It encouraged women to pursue salvation and serve the faith on terms nearly equal to men.
B) It guaranteed every woman status as a bodhisattva.
C) It taught that being born female was higher than being born male.
D) It accepted the idea of female rulers and female independence.

Question 31

Which Buddhist school of thought appealed to laypeople during the Tang era?

A) Theravada school
B) Chan school
C) Zen school
D) Pure Land school

Question 32

What title did Taizong of the Tang Dynasty gain when he defeated the Turks in 630 C.E.?

A) Second Emperor
B) Son of Heaven
C) Sultan
D) Great Khan

Question 33

The Mahayana Buddhism that spread to Central Asia was influenced by Iranian religions to become more

A) sacrificial.
B) devotional.
C) ritualistic.
D) monastic.

Question 34

The location of the Great Wall in Map 7.1, "The Han Empire, 206 B.C.E-220 C.E.," indicates that its purpose was to protect

A) merchants traveling the Silk Road.
B) migrants seeking access to the Manchurian Plain.
C) Northern China from the nomadic Xiongnu.
D) trade routes into Korea.

Question 35

What was the most glorified virtue in Han times?

A) Filial piety
B) Bureaucratic honesty
C) Honoring the emperor
D) Gentlemanly conduct

Question 36

Who led a rebellion against the Tang government in 755 C.E.?

A) Yang Guifei
B) Emperor Gaozong
C) Empress Wu
D) An Lushan

Question 37

Which of the following took place during the Age of Division?

A) A eunuch ruled China through child emperors.
B) The Han Dynasty only maintained control of northern China.
C) Buddhism was widely suppressed by most local rulers.
D) Nanjing became the capital of southern China.

Question 38

What new method for choosing government officials was introduced in 605 C.E. under the Sui Dynasty?

A) Written examinations
B) Military challenges
C) Monastic training
D) Oral examinations

Question 39

How did Empress Wu of the Tang seize power for herself?

A) She waged a coup d'état against her husband.
B) She took advantage of the illness of Emperor Gaozong.
C) She murdered her two sons.
D) She claimed she was pregnant with the dead emperor's son.

Question 40

What was one of the objections to Buddhism in China?

A) Buddhists sought to build monasteries on land that was sacred to Confucians.
B) Buddhists wanted to provide education for everyone, not just sons of the nobility.
C) Buddhist monks established missionaries to convert all people, including members of the imperial family.
D) Buddhist monasteries and temples were built on untaxed land, and monks did not perform labor service.

Question 41

Which of the following was a result of increased Japanese contact with the Asian mainland in the eighth century C.E.?

A) The introduction of Buddhism
B) A general decline in prices due to competition
C) A smallpox epidemic
D) The disappearance of the Japanese language

Question 42

The Tang Dynasty is said to have been one of the high points of Chinese civilization. What were the accomplishments of this period in Chinese history?

Question 43

Why were the Yamato rulers of Japan able to come to power?

A) They had a strong military and claimed to be descended from the sun-goddess.
B) They claimed they had been chosen by the Tang and the Silla.
C) They claimed they possessed special powers that would ensure an overthrow of the Han Dynasty.
D) They promised material wealth for all followers and to never allow women to rule.

Question 44

Which area of East Asia was the least affected by Chinese cultural influences?

A) Japan
B) Tibet
C) Korea
D) Vietnam

Question 45

What was the native religion of Japan?

A) Zen
B) Shinto
C) Yamato
D) Mahayana

Question 46

Prince Shōtoku's reforms of Japan included adopting what administrative ideas from China?

A) Using Legalism to organize a society
B) Instituting a ladder of ranks and using Confucianism as a guiding principle
C) Administering the country through a Daoist hands-off approach
D) Establishing an official policy of "family comes first"

Question 47

What was the extent of the expansion of Chinese territory and trade during the Han empire? What regions were added to the empire?

Question 48

Who established the Nam Viet kingdom in the third century B.C.E.?

A) A Buddhist monk
B) A Confucian scholar
C) A former Qin general
D) A Viet prince

Question 49

What were the reasons for suspicion of, and sometime persecution of, Buddhism in China?

Question 50

How did the Han promote Confucianism, and did the philosophy aid the government?

Question 51

Explain the difference between Pure Land and Chan Buddhism under the Tang.

Question 52

As evidenced by Map 7.3, "The Spread of Buddhism, ca. 500 B.C.E.-800 C.E.," which of the following is true?

A) Buddhism typically spread in a pattern that mimicked major trade routes.
B) Buddhism took longer to spread in the east than in the west.
C) Buddhism would have never reached Tibet if not for the access granted by the Indus River,
D) Buddhism was introduced in the Kushan empire later than in most other regions.

Question 53

Describe the Tang city. Who lived in it, and what kinds of goods were traded there?

Question 54

Why was Buddhism so appealing to the people of China?

Question 55

Who did the Vietnamese Trung sisters lead an uprising against in 39 C.E.?

A) Han rulers
B) Trieu Da
C) Nam Viet
D) Qin officials

Question 56

Explain what the Silk Road was and how China prospered from it beginning with the Han Dynasty onward.

Question 57

How do the Han and Roman empires compare in terms of how they handled peoples on their borders?

Question 58

According to Map 7.2, "The Silk Trade in the Seventh Century C.E.," the western end of the Silk Road terminated in the middle of territory that was once a part of which ancient civilization?

A) Egypt
B) Greece
C) Persia
D) Mesopotamia

Question 59

Which of the three kingdoms of Korea was able to unify the entire peninsula under its control?

A) Paekche
B) Choson
C) Koguryŏ
D) Silla

Question 60

Describe the relationship between Korea and Japan from the fourth and sixth centuries. What was exchanged between the two?

Question 61

Use the following to answer questions :
Nara

A)A rammed-earth fortification built along the northern border of China during the reign of the First Emperor.
B)The ancient texts recovered during the Han Dynasty that Confucian scholars treated as sacred scriptures.
C)A comprehensive history of China written by Sima Qian.
D)The trade routes across Central Asia linking China to western Eurasia.
E)An arrangement first established during the Han Dynasty to regulate contact with foreign powers. States and tribes beyond its borders sent envoys bearing gifts and received gifts in return.
F)Castrated males who played an important role as palace servants.
G)The period after the fall of the Han Dynasty, when China was politically divided.
H)A waterway, built during the Sui Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was notable for strengthening China's internal cohesion and economic development.
I)A school of Buddhism that taught that by calling on the Buddha Amitabha, one could achieve rebirth in Amitabha's paradise.
J)A school of Buddhism (known in Japan as Zen) that rejected the authority of the sutras and claimed the superiority of mind-to-mind transmission of Buddhist truths.
K)The Way of the Gods, Japan's native religion.
L)Japan's capital and first true city; it was established in 710 and modeled on the Tang capital of Chang'an.

Question 62

What different solutions did Chinese statesmen from the Qin era through the Tang use to address the problem of aggressive nomads to the north and west?

Question 63

Use the following to answer questions :
eunuchs

A)A rammed-earth fortification built along the northern border of China during the reign of the First Emperor.
B)The ancient texts recovered during the Han Dynasty that Confucian scholars treated as sacred scriptures.
C)A comprehensive history of China written by Sima Qian.
D)The trade routes across Central Asia linking China to western Eurasia.
E)An arrangement first established during the Han Dynasty to regulate contact with foreign powers. States and tribes beyond its borders sent envoys bearing gifts and received gifts in return.
F)Castrated males who played an important role as palace servants.
G)The period after the fall of the Han Dynasty, when China was politically divided.
H)A waterway, built during the Sui Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was notable for strengthening China's internal cohesion and economic development.
I)A school of Buddhism that taught that by calling on the Buddha Amitabha, one could achieve rebirth in Amitabha's paradise.
J)A school of Buddhism (known in Japan as Zen) that rejected the authority of the sutras and claimed the superiority of mind-to-mind transmission of Buddhist truths.
K)The Way of the Gods, Japan's native religion.
L)Japan's capital and first true city; it was established in 710 and modeled on the Tang capital of Chang'an.

Question 64

Use the following to answer questions :
Pure Land

A)A rammed-earth fortification built along the northern border of China during the reign of the First Emperor.
B)The ancient texts recovered during the Han Dynasty that Confucian scholars treated as sacred scriptures.
C)A comprehensive history of China written by Sima Qian.
D)The trade routes across Central Asia linking China to western Eurasia.
E)An arrangement first established during the Han Dynasty to regulate contact with foreign powers. States and tribes beyond its borders sent envoys bearing gifts and received gifts in return.
F)Castrated males who played an important role as palace servants.
G)The period after the fall of the Han Dynasty, when China was politically divided.
H)A waterway, built during the Sui Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was notable for strengthening China's internal cohesion and economic development.
I)A school of Buddhism that taught that by calling on the Buddha Amitabha, one could achieve rebirth in Amitabha's paradise.
J)A school of Buddhism (known in Japan as Zen) that rejected the authority of the sutras and claimed the superiority of mind-to-mind transmission of Buddhist truths.
K)The Way of the Gods, Japan's native religion.
L)Japan's capital and first true city; it was established in 710 and modeled on the Tang capital of Chang'an.

Question 65

Use the following to answer questions :
Confucian classics

A)A rammed-earth fortification built along the northern border of China during the reign of the First Emperor.
B)The ancient texts recovered during the Han Dynasty that Confucian scholars treated as sacred scriptures.
C)A comprehensive history of China written by Sima Qian.
D)The trade routes across Central Asia linking China to western Eurasia.
E)An arrangement first established during the Han Dynasty to regulate contact with foreign powers. States and tribes beyond its borders sent envoys bearing gifts and received gifts in return.
F)Castrated males who played an important role as palace servants.
G)The period after the fall of the Han Dynasty, when China was politically divided.
H)A waterway, built during the Sui Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was notable for strengthening China's internal cohesion and economic development.
I)A school of Buddhism that taught that by calling on the Buddha Amitabha, one could achieve rebirth in Amitabha's paradise.
J)A school of Buddhism (known in Japan as Zen) that rejected the authority of the sutras and claimed the superiority of mind-to-mind transmission of Buddhist truths.
K)The Way of the Gods, Japan's native religion.
L)Japan's capital and first true city; it was established in 710 and modeled on the Tang capital of Chang'an.

Question 66

What did the Qin emperor standardize, and how did that standardization help him organize and rule his realm?

Question 67

Use the following to answer questions :
Grand Canal

A)A rammed-earth fortification built along the northern border of China during the reign of the First Emperor.
B)The ancient texts recovered during the Han Dynasty that Confucian scholars treated as sacred scriptures.
C)A comprehensive history of China written by Sima Qian.
D)The trade routes across Central Asia linking China to western Eurasia.
E)An arrangement first established during the Han Dynasty to regulate contact with foreign powers. States and tribes beyond its borders sent envoys bearing gifts and received gifts in return.
F)Castrated males who played an important role as palace servants.
G)The period after the fall of the Han Dynasty, when China was politically divided.
H)A waterway, built during the Sui Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was notable for strengthening China's internal cohesion and economic development.
I)A school of Buddhism that taught that by calling on the Buddha Amitabha, one could achieve rebirth in Amitabha's paradise.
J)A school of Buddhism (known in Japan as Zen) that rejected the authority of the sutras and claimed the superiority of mind-to-mind transmission of Buddhist truths.
K)The Way of the Gods, Japan's native religion.
L)Japan's capital and first true city; it was established in 710 and modeled on the Tang capital of Chang'an.

Question 68

Use the following to answer questions :
Silk Road

A)A rammed-earth fortification built along the northern border of China during the reign of the First Emperor.
B)The ancient texts recovered during the Han Dynasty that Confucian scholars treated as sacred scriptures.
C)A comprehensive history of China written by Sima Qian.
D)The trade routes across Central Asia linking China to western Eurasia.
E)An arrangement first established during the Han Dynasty to regulate contact with foreign powers. States and tribes beyond its borders sent envoys bearing gifts and received gifts in return.
F)Castrated males who played an important role as palace servants.
G)The period after the fall of the Han Dynasty, when China was politically divided.
H)A waterway, built during the Sui Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was notable for strengthening China's internal cohesion and economic development.
I)A school of Buddhism that taught that by calling on the Buddha Amitabha, one could achieve rebirth in Amitabha's paradise.
J)A school of Buddhism (known in Japan as Zen) that rejected the authority of the sutras and claimed the superiority of mind-to-mind transmission of Buddhist truths.
K)The Way of the Gods, Japan's native religion.
L)Japan's capital and first true city; it was established in 710 and modeled on the Tang capital of Chang'an.

Question 69

Use the following to answer questions :
Records of the Grand Historian

A)A rammed-earth fortification built along the northern border of China during the reign of the First Emperor.
B)The ancient texts recovered during the Han Dynasty that Confucian scholars treated as sacred scriptures.
C)A comprehensive history of China written by Sima Qian.
D)The trade routes across Central Asia linking China to western Eurasia.
E)An arrangement first established during the Han Dynasty to regulate contact with foreign powers. States and tribes beyond its borders sent envoys bearing gifts and received gifts in return.
F)Castrated males who played an important role as palace servants.
G)The period after the fall of the Han Dynasty, when China was politically divided.
H)A waterway, built during the Sui Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was notable for strengthening China's internal cohesion and economic development.
I)A school of Buddhism that taught that by calling on the Buddha Amitabha, one could achieve rebirth in Amitabha's paradise.
J)A school of Buddhism (known in Japan as Zen) that rejected the authority of the sutras and claimed the superiority of mind-to-mind transmission of Buddhist truths.
K)The Way of the Gods, Japan's native religion.
L)Japan's capital and first true city; it was established in 710 and modeled on the Tang capital of Chang'an.

Question 70

Use the following to answer questions :
Chan

A)A rammed-earth fortification built along the northern border of China during the reign of the First Emperor.
B)The ancient texts recovered during the Han Dynasty that Confucian scholars treated as sacred scriptures.
C)A comprehensive history of China written by Sima Qian.
D)The trade routes across Central Asia linking China to western Eurasia.
E)An arrangement first established during the Han Dynasty to regulate contact with foreign powers. States and tribes beyond its borders sent envoys bearing gifts and received gifts in return.
F)Castrated males who played an important role as palace servants.
G)The period after the fall of the Han Dynasty, when China was politically divided.
H)A waterway, built during the Sui Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was notable for strengthening China's internal cohesion and economic development.
I)A school of Buddhism that taught that by calling on the Buddha Amitabha, one could achieve rebirth in Amitabha's paradise.
J)A school of Buddhism (known in Japan as Zen) that rejected the authority of the sutras and claimed the superiority of mind-to-mind transmission of Buddhist truths.
K)The Way of the Gods, Japan's native religion.
L)Japan's capital and first true city; it was established in 710 and modeled on the Tang capital of Chang'an.

Question 71

Use the following to answer questions :
Great Wall

A)A rammed-earth fortification built along the northern border of China during the reign of the First Emperor.
B)The ancient texts recovered during the Han Dynasty that Confucian scholars treated as sacred scriptures.
C)A comprehensive history of China written by Sima Qian.
D)The trade routes across Central Asia linking China to western Eurasia.
E)An arrangement first established during the Han Dynasty to regulate contact with foreign powers. States and tribes beyond its borders sent envoys bearing gifts and received gifts in return.
F)Castrated males who played an important role as palace servants.
G)The period after the fall of the Han Dynasty, when China was politically divided.
H)A waterway, built during the Sui Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was notable for strengthening China's internal cohesion and economic development.
I)A school of Buddhism that taught that by calling on the Buddha Amitabha, one could achieve rebirth in Amitabha's paradise.
J)A school of Buddhism (known in Japan as Zen) that rejected the authority of the sutras and claimed the superiority of mind-to-mind transmission of Buddhist truths.
K)The Way of the Gods, Japan's native religion.
L)Japan's capital and first true city; it was established in 710 and modeled on the Tang capital of Chang'an.

Question 72

Use the following to answer questions :
Shinto

A)A rammed-earth fortification built along the northern border of China during the reign of the First Emperor.
B)The ancient texts recovered during the Han Dynasty that Confucian scholars treated as sacred scriptures.
C)A comprehensive history of China written by Sima Qian.
D)The trade routes across Central Asia linking China to western Eurasia.
E)An arrangement first established during the Han Dynasty to regulate contact with foreign powers. States and tribes beyond its borders sent envoys bearing gifts and received gifts in return.
F)Castrated males who played an important role as palace servants.
G)The period after the fall of the Han Dynasty, when China was politically divided.
H)A waterway, built during the Sui Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was notable for strengthening China's internal cohesion and economic development.
I)A school of Buddhism that taught that by calling on the Buddha Amitabha, one could achieve rebirth in Amitabha's paradise.
J)A school of Buddhism (known in Japan as Zen) that rejected the authority of the sutras and claimed the superiority of mind-to-mind transmission of Buddhist truths.
K)The Way of the Gods, Japan's native religion.
L)Japan's capital and first true city; it was established in 710 and modeled on the Tang capital of Chang'an.

Question 73

What were the distinctive features of the Han period, and how did the Han Dynasty build on its predecessor, the Qin Dynasty?

Question 74

Use the following to answer questions :
tributary system

A)A rammed-earth fortification built along the northern border of China during the reign of the First Emperor.
B)The ancient texts recovered during the Han Dynasty that Confucian scholars treated as sacred scriptures.
C)A comprehensive history of China written by Sima Qian.
D)The trade routes across Central Asia linking China to western Eurasia.
E)An arrangement first established during the Han Dynasty to regulate contact with foreign powers. States and tribes beyond its borders sent envoys bearing gifts and received gifts in return.
F)Castrated males who played an important role as palace servants.
G)The period after the fall of the Han Dynasty, when China was politically divided.
H)A waterway, built during the Sui Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was notable for strengthening China's internal cohesion and economic development.
I)A school of Buddhism that taught that by calling on the Buddha Amitabha, one could achieve rebirth in Amitabha's paradise.
J)A school of Buddhism (known in Japan as Zen) that rejected the authority of the sutras and claimed the superiority of mind-to-mind transmission of Buddhist truths.
K)The Way of the Gods, Japan's native religion.
L)Japan's capital and first true city; it was established in 710 and modeled on the Tang capital of Chang'an.

Question 75

What was life like for peasants during the Han Dynasty? Include a description of the role of women and children.

Question 76

Use the following to answer questions :
Age of Division

A)A rammed-earth fortification built along the northern border of China during the reign of the First Emperor.
B)The ancient texts recovered during the Han Dynasty that Confucian scholars treated as sacred scriptures.
C)A comprehensive history of China written by Sima Qian.
D)The trade routes across Central Asia linking China to western Eurasia.
E)An arrangement first established during the Han Dynasty to regulate contact with foreign powers. States and tribes beyond its borders sent envoys bearing gifts and received gifts in return.
F)Castrated males who played an important role as palace servants.
G)The period after the fall of the Han Dynasty, when China was politically divided.
H)A waterway, built during the Sui Dynasty, that connected the Yellow and Yangzi Rivers. It was notable for strengthening China's internal cohesion and economic development.
I)A school of Buddhism that taught that by calling on the Buddha Amitabha, one could achieve rebirth in Amitabha's paradise.
J)A school of Buddhism (known in Japan as Zen) that rejected the authority of the sutras and claimed the superiority of mind-to-mind transmission of Buddhist truths.
K)The Way of the Gods, Japan's native religion.
L)Japan's capital and first true city; it was established in 710 and modeled on the Tang capital of Chang'an.

Question 77

Describe the impact of Chinese civilization on Vietnam and Korea. What aspects of Vietnamese culture were most affected by China, and how were those elements spread from Chinese civilizations? How did non-Chinese accommodate themselves (or not) to these influences from China?