Deck 20: Domains of Personality Psychology

Question 1

The domain of personality most concerned with unconscious motivation is the domain.

A)dispositional
B)intrapsychic
C)cognitive/experiential
D)biological

Answer 1

intrapsychic

Question 2

Further research using the lexical approach is

A)unnecessary.
B)likely to find new traits related to sexuality or sex differences.
C)likely to find new traits related to agreeableness.
D)likely to find new traits related to sociability.

Answer 2

likely to find new traits related to sexuality or sex differences.

Question 3

Researchers investigating personality from the evolutionary perspective will most likely find in the future.

A)a few basic adaptations
B)many more psychological mechanisms than we are now aware of
C)a set of new adaptive problems
D)a few basic traits

Answer 3

many more psychological mechanisms than we are now aware of

Question 4

Researchers working in which of the following domains are most interested in stable characteristics that make people different from one another?

A)Dispositional
B)Adjustment
C)Cognitive/experiential
D)Social and cultural

Question 5

Research in modern personality psychology from the perspective of the intrapsychic domain

A)believes the unconscious is a cognitive by-product.
B)does not study the unconscious.
C)uses many innovative methods to study the unconscious, such as priming and subliminal exposure.
D)does not believe there is such a thing as an unconscious.

Question 6

Recent experimental demonstrations of false memories are

A)showing that there are higher instances of childhood sexual abuse than previously believed.
B)questioning the id's responsibility for repressed and false memories.
C)a long way from the issue of repressed or false childhood memories of traumatic events.
D)indicating that patterns of memories are inconsistent over time.

Question 7

One modern view on the unconscious is that

A)there is no empirical support for the notion of an unconscious mind as there has been little support for most of Freud's other theories.
B)it is an automatic information processing mechanism that can influence conscious awareness.
C)Freud's view of a motivated unconscious based on sexual and aggressive energy is still the dominant perspective in the intrapsychic domain.
D)the unconscious is irrelevant as it can be shown to hold inaccurate or false memories.

Question 8

Proponents of the evolutionary perspective on personality will continue to ask which of the following basic questions?

A)"How close have evolutionary adaptations come to perfection?"
B)"What is the adaptive function of each psychological mechanism?"
C)"What are the basic traits of personality?"
D)"Are there sex differences in every domain of personality?"

Question 9

To gain an understanding of the complete picture of human personality, researchers must

A)build upon the foundation of the knowledge developed by researchers investigating the intrapsychic domain.
B)continue to work in even narrower specialty areas within personality psychology.
C)all work together to gain an understanding of the human nature level of human behaviour.
D)be systematic in their approaches, use diverse methods and approaches of study, and communicate clearly with other researchers working in various areas of personality psychology.

Question 10

Much current research in the intrapsychic domain addresses

A)the oedipal complex.
B)thanatos.
C)libido.
D)repression.

Question 11

Research has found that percent of the variation in most of the major personality traits can be attributed to genetic variations.

A)10-20
B)30-50
C)60-80
D)100

Question 12

An understanding of the totality of human personality

A)can be accomplished by gaining and integrating knowledge about its many parts.
B)cannot be accomplished by modern personality psychology in the foreseeable future of the science.
C)has been accomplished by modern personality psychologists using the latest personality research methods.
D)will never be possible because human personality is much too complex to completely understand.

Question 13

Canadian researchers will likely play an especially relevant role in our future understanding of which domain of knowledge?

A)Social and cultural
B)Biological
C)Dispositional
D)Adjustment

Question 14

Future research on genetics and behaviour is likely to lead to new discoveries in all of these areas EXCEPT

A)genes will be found that synthesize specific neurotransmitters that will be related to specific personality traits.
B)genetics researchers studying the effects of shared and non-shared family environments.
C)the identification of specific genes that contribute to explaining the genetic variance in behavioural dimensions and disorders.
D)how our genetic makeup contributes to physiological features like eye colour or height.

Question 15

The authors of your textbook believe that in the future evolutionary psychology will

A)provide a layer of insight into human nature for discovering a universal set of personality dispositions.
B)supplant the other domains of personality as the dominant force in personality psychology.
C)replace the cognitive domain by basing mental functioning on a variety of psychological mechanisms.
D)continue to gain in importance, but will not supplant other perspectives.

Question 16

All of the following are questions personality psychologists that study the dispositional domain will continue to ask in the future EXCEPT

A)How will future advancements in measurement theory affect the study of personality dispositions?
B)How do personality traits interact with situations to produce behaviours?
C)Are the major personality traits of human personality moderately heritable?
D)How many new personality traits exist?

Question 17

Current research in personality psychology focuses mostly on

A)the biological domain.
B)specific components of personality.
C)the cognitive/experiential domain.
D)grand theories of personality.

Question 18

The goal of personality psychology is to understand

A)how people are similar to one another.
B)the whole of personality.
C)how people behave across different cultures.
D)differences between people.

Question 19

This approach to personality dispositions suggests that each person has a distinct psychological signature in terms of the specific relationships between traits
And dispositions.

A)if-then
B)cause-effect
C)yin-yang
D)temporal

Question 20

Which of the following topics do the authors of your text believe will be a focus of much of the future research in the biological domain of personality?

A)The number of basic personality dispositions
B)Approach and avoidance relationships
C)The molecular level of genetic analysis
D)The genetic bases of human personality

Question 21

Which of the following concepts is studied by researchers examining the social and cultural domain of personality?

A)Psychopathology
B)Individualism/Collectivism
C)Pleasantness/Unpleasantness
D)Introversion/Extraversion

Question 22

The domain is most concerned with understanding subjective experiences.

A)intrapsychic
B)cognitive/experiential
C)biological
D)dispositional

Question 23

The metaphor most commonly used within the cognitive/experiential domain to describe human information processing is a

A)suitcase.
B)telephone switching box.
C)blank slate.
D)computer.

Question 24

The following are all concepts subsumed by the cognitive-experiential domain EXCEPT

A)dispositions.
B)emotions.
C)goals.
D)information processing.

Question 25

Researchers working in which of the following domains are especially interested in how people influence the environment, and how the environment influences personality?

A)Social and cultural
B)Biological
C)Intrapsychic
D)Cognitive/experiential

Question 26

Relationships between personality characteristics and health are addressed in the ________ domain.

A)cognitive/experiential
B)social and cultural
C)adjustment
D)dispositional

Question 27

The study of gender most often takes place in the domain.

A)dispositional
B)intrapsychic
C)social and cultural
D)cognitive/experiential

Question 28

Research on the relationship between personality and health will NOT likely benefit in the future from

A)studies of positive emotions.
B)studies of heart disease.
C)longitudinal studies.
D)studies of unconscious goals.

Question 29

The fact that our world is becoming "smaller" demonstrates the importance of the ________ domain.

A)biological
B)social and cultural
C)intrapsychic
D)cognitive/experiential

Question 30

The most exciting work in personality psychology in the new millennium will be based on the

A)work of many personality researchers working on their own in narrow slices of the domains they have specialized in over time.
B)syntheses of all personality psychology under a common framework based on evolutionary psychology.
C)foundation of biological determinism using the results of the human genome project as the basis for studying human personality.
D)convergence of teams of researchers across different domains using methods that span multiple levels of analysis.