Deck 4: Job Analysis and Rewards

Question 1

The consistency of measurement of an attribute refers to its validity.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Human body weight is an example of a variable measured on a ratio scale of measure.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A correlation score of minus one between two sets of scores indicates an exceptionally low association or relationship between the two sets.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

If the correlation coefficient between variables X and Y is .90,this means that the proportion of common variance shared by the two variables is ninety percent.

Question 5

Calculation of the test-retest reliability of scores between time periods is done for objective measures,not subjective measures.

Question 6

The correlation coefficient does not measure the change in one variable caused by another variable.

Question 7

Perfect reliability is virtually impossible to achieve because of the presence of measurement error.

Question 8

Performance appraisal ratings are subjective measures.

Question 9

A correlation coefficient of 1.0 between variables X and Y indicates that there is a perfect linear relationship between these two variables.

Question 10

If scores are classified as "low","medium",and high",the scale of measurement is nominal.

Question 11

The research literature indicates a high correlation between subjective and objective measures of performance.

Question 12

When numbers are assigned by category,this reflects an ordinal scale of measurement.

Question 13

While correlation is valuable as an indicator of the degree of association between variables,it is generally not used as a tool for prediction.

Question 14

If an individual has a z-score of 2.0 on a performance test,this indicates this person's score is twice as high as the average test score.

Question 15

Comparing scores of objective measures within the same time period is a measure of internal consistency.

Question 16

Numerical employment interview ratings represent objective measures.

Question 17

Measurement standardization applies to measurement content,not the administration of measurements.

Question 18

A primary function of the measurement of staffing variables is to provide analysis to assist in compliance with laws and regulations.

Question 19

One value of Z scores in reporting test results is that they are expressed in standard units,which allow for comparisons of relative performance (on two different tests for example).

Question 20

The most appropriate measure of central tendency for nominal scale data is the median.

Question 21

Measuring the accuracy of a mechanical ability test in predicting the job performance of current employees involves a predictive validity design.

Question 22

The use of standardized measurement eliminates the possibility of adverse impact occurring.

Question 23

Reliability sets the lower limit on validity.

Question 24

Organizations that collect assessment data should attend to professional standards that govern their use.

Question 25

If the internal representation rate for engineers from visible minority groups is 15% and the national external representation of visible minority engineers is 25% and the organization employs 120 engineers,there would be a numerical gap of 12.

Question 26

The internal representation rate is calculated by dividing the number of designated group members in a job by the total number of people performing the job within an organization.

Question 27

A measure with a coefficient alpha of .55 should generally be regarding as having adequate reliability.

Question 28

Even when measurement error is present,true scores can be measured with perfect precision.

Question 29

Adverse impact statistics are very stable sample estimates of the amount of true adverse impact occurring in an organization.

Question 30

The extent to which scores on a knowledge test truly reflect a job applicant's knowledge is a measure of the test's validity.

Question 31

One guideline for effective staffing practice is that all predictors should be routinely subjected to content validation.

Question 32

Error caused by failing to measure a key aspect of the attribute of interest (i.e. ,the attribute we wish to measure),is known as contamination error.

Question 33

Asking different questions of job applicants during comparisons of interview ratings between these same job applicants is an example of contamination error.

Question 34

Criterion measures are not used in the calculation of content validity.

Question 35

Even if methodological and statistical differences across criterion-related validation studies are not controlled for statistically,it is still probable that validity can be generalized from one specific situation to another.

Question 36

The standard error of measurement is a useful indicator of how accurate actual scores of applicants are in assessing the true scores of a given measure.

Question 37

The process of criterion-related validation begins with the identification of criterion measures.

Question 38

The assessment of concurrent validity is more convenient and more efficient than the assessment of predictive validity.

Question 39

Federal guidelines suggest that a gap of 20% or greater indicates significant under-representation.

Question 40

Selection tests should not generally be administered using computers.

Question 41

Predictor measures may sometimes be ones that are already developed and in use and sometimes are just not available and may need to be created.

Question 42

Validity generalization allows greater latitude that situation specificity does.

Question 43

A biographical information questionnaire could not be used as a predictor measure.

Question 44

The appeal of concurrent validation is that it is convenient to administer and can be done quickly.

Question 45

The most appropriate measure of central tendency for nominal data is the _____________________.

A)mean
B)median
C)standard deviation
D)mode

Question 46

Meta-analysis is a form of content validation.

Question 47

Which of the following statements about measurement is not correct?

A)It assigns numbers to objects
B)It is based on rules determined in advance
C)It measures the object not the attribute
D)It measures constructs

Question 48

Meta-analysis is not a form of validity generalization.

Question 49

Rankings of the finishes of competitors in a foot race is an example of a(n)________

A)ratio scale
B)ordinal scale
C)interval scale
D)none of the above

Question 50

Concurrent validation design can be problematic when current employees are used.

Question 51

The predictor measure ideally taps into one or more of the KSAOs identified in the job analysis.

Question 52

A presentation exercise could not be used as a predictor measure/assessment method.

Question 53

There is criterion measure used in content validation.

Question 54

There is no criterion measure used in content validation.

Question 55

Length in inches is an example of a(n)____.

A)ratio scale
B)nominal scale
C)ordinal scale
D)interval scale

Question 56

A structured panel interview could be used as a predictor measure/assessment method.

Question 57

A nominal scale of measurement has ___.

A)rank order
B)an absolute true zero point
C)classification by categories
D)equal differences between points on a scale of measurement

Question 58

A biographical information questionnaire could be used as a predictor measure.

Question 59

Once predictor and criterion scores have been obtained,the correlation r must be calculated.

Question 60

Meta-analysis is a particular form of validity generalization.

Question 61

The correlation coefficient expresses ____.

A)causality
B)variance
C)strength of the relationship between two variables
D)the range between two variables

Question 62

Coefficient alpha assesses _______.

A)reliability within a single time period
B)reliability between time periods
C)reliability between samples
D)test-retest reliability
E)A and B are correct

Question 63

Which of the following levels of statistical significance would provide the most confidence that a sample correlation coefficient would not be interpreted as having a relationship in the population,when,in fact,there is no such relationship?

A).10
B).50
C).01
D).05

Question 64

Deficiency error would not indicate a failure to ____.

A)measure some portion of the attribute of interest
B)adequately define the attribute of interest
C)construct a proper measure of the totality of the attribute
D)calculate the standard deviation

Question 65

Assessing the significance of a correlation includes consideration of ____.

A)practical significance
B)standard deviation
C)statistical significance
D)a and c

Question 66

A z score of 3.0 for a job applicant's score on an aptitude test indicates the applicant ______

A)achieved a score 3 points higher than the average score
B)received a score 3 standard deviations above the mean score
C)had a score 3 percent higher than the average score
D)had a score plus or minus 3 points relative to the mean score

Question 67

Content validation is most appropriate when _______.

A)reliability is too high
B)sample size is large
C)criterion measures are readily available
D)sample size is too small for criterion validity calculation

Question 68

Reliability of a measure places ___.

A)no limit on the validity of a measure
B)a lower limit on the validity of a measure
C)an average limit on the validity of a measure
D)an upper limit on the validity of a measure

Question 69

Validity of a measure is best defined as ___.

A)the upper limit of reliability
B)the degree to which the measure does indeed measure what it is intended to measure
C)the lower limit of reliability
D)the consistency of measurement

Question 70

Reliability of measurement is defined as _____.

A)frequency of measurement
B)magnitude of measurement
C)accuracy of measurement
D)consistency of measurement

Question 71

Professional standards _________

A)determine who is to do the testing
B)are guidelines on the use and development of tests in employee selection
C)include the acquisition of tests and test manuals
D)are guidelines to the use of reliability and validity in employee selection

Question 72

The standard error of measurement allows ___.

A)calculation of confidence intervals for true scores
B)estimates of content validity
C)calculation of confidence intervals for actual scores
D)calculation of confidence intervals for error

Question 73

Contamination error ____.

A)is easy to minimize and control
B)is the same as deficiency error
C)represents unwanted sources of influence on a measure
D)shows a lack of an acceptable coefficient alpha

Question 74

If the squared correlation coefficient between X and Y is .80,what percentage of common variance is shared between the two variables?

A)64%
B)80%
C)40%
D)50%

Question 75

Which of the following is a type of validity?

A)test-retest
B)coefficient alpha
C)criterion
D)parallel forms

Question 76

Which of the following is a true statement?

A)True score divided by error equals actual score
B)Actual score equals true score plus error
C)Actual score plus error equals true score
D)True score equals variance plus error

Question 77

A complete lack of correlation between two variables is expressed by a correlation coefficient of ____.

A).50
B)1.00
C)1.00
D)zero

Question 78

The case for validity generalization across situations becomes stronger if _________________.

A)correlation coefficients are negative
B)the standard error of measurement is large
C)differences in method and statistical differences are controlled
D)reliability is low

Question 79

When predictor and criterion scores have been obtained,the predictor can be considered valid if _____.

A)the correlation coefficient has the desired practical and statistical significance
B)the correlation coefficient has statistical significance alone
C)the correlation coefficient is insignificant
D)the correlation coefficient has practical significance alone

Question 80

The larger the correlation coefficient,____.

A)the greater the practical significance
B)the smaller its practical significance
C)the larger its range
D)the smaller its statistical significance