Deck 28: Antilipemic Drugs

Question 1

Which patient is a likely candidate for drug therapy for cholesterol reduction?

A)A female patient with a waist circumference greater than 95 cm and a triglyceride level greater than or equal to 1.7 mmol/L
B)A male patient with a high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level greater than 1 mmol/L and blood pressure (BP) greater than 130/85 mm Hg
C)A female patient with an HDL-C level greater than 1.3 mmol/L and BP greater than 130/85 mm Hg
D)A male patient with a waist circumference greater than 102 cm and a triglyceride level of 1.7 mmol/L or higher

Answer 1

A male patient with a waist circumference greater than 102 cm and a triglyceride level of 1.7 mmol/L or higher

Question 2

A patient who has recently started therapy with a statin drug asks the nurse how long it will take for an effect on his serum cholesterol to be seen.Which is the nurse's best response to the patient's question?

A)"Blood levels return to normal within a week of beginning therapy."
B)"It takes several weeks to see a change in cholesterol levels."
C)"It takes at least 6 months to see a change in cholesterol levels."
D)"You will need to take this medication for almost a year to see significant results."

Answer 2

"It takes several weeks to see a change in cholesterol levels."

Question 3

A patient is taking a statin drug.What important action should the nurse tell this patient to take?

A)Have a hearing assessment done.
B)Have an ophthalmic assessment done.
C)See a physiotherapist.
D)Take the medication with breakfast.

Answer 3

Have an ophthalmic assessment done.

Question 4

Patients who are receiving antilipemic drugs need to be closely monitored for the development of which adverse effect?

A)Photosensitivity
B)Pulmonary problems
C)Vitamin C deficiency
D)Liver dysfunction

Question 5

Ezetimibe (Ezetrol),a newer antilipemic drug,works by doing what?

A)Preventing the resorption of bile acids from the small intestines
B)Inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase
C)Activating lipase, which breaks down cholesterol
D)Inhibiting cholesterol absorption in the small intestine

Question 6

Cholestyramine (Novo-Cholamine)and colestipol (Colestid)are most effective in the treatment of which type of hyperlipoproteinemia?

A)Type V
B)Mixed
C)All types
D)Type II

Question 7

A patient reports that the cholestyramine resin powder (Olestyr)that was started yesterday clumps and sticks to the glass when being mixed.What is the nurse's best suggestion to the patient for mixing this medication for administration?

A)Use a carbonated soft drink to dissolve the powder faster.
B)Add the powder to any liquid and stir vigorously to dissolve it quickly.
C)Mix the powder with food or with 120 to 180 mL of fluid.
D)Sprinkle the powder into a spoon and take it dry, followed with a glass of water.

Question 8

A patient is beginning antilipemic therapy with an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor.What food should the nurse tell the patient about when discussing possible drug-food interactions?

A)Oatmeal
B)Grapefruit juice
C)Licorice
D)Dairy products

Question 9

The nurse should monitor for myopathy (muscle pain)when a patient is taking which class of antilipemic drugs?

A)Bile acid sequestrants
B)Hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors
C)Fibric acid derivatives
D)Niacin

Question 10

A patient is receiving an antilipemic drug.The nurse should tell the patient to do what in regard to this medication?

A)Begin a vigorous aerobic exercise program.
B)Eat extra servings of raw vegetables and fruit.
C)If a once-a-day dosage regimen is used, take the medication in the morning.
D)To maximize drug absorption, take the medication 1 hour before meals or 2 hours after meals.

Question 11

Which lipoproteins are indicative of a high risk for developing an atherosclerotic plaque formation?

A)Chylomicrons
B)Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
C)High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)
D)Very-low-density lipoproteins

Question 12

What should be a patient be told to do to minimize the undesirable adverse effects of nicotinic acid?

A)Take the drug on an empty stomach.
B)Start off with a high initial dosage.
C)Take small doses of Aspirin with the drug.
D)Take the drug with large amounts of fibre.

Question 13

Which are considered positive risk factors for coronary artery disease? (Select all that apply.)

A)Male aged 40 years or older
B)Female aged 40 years or older
C)Family history that includes a sister who died of a myocardial infarction at age 58
D)Family history that includes a brother who died of a myocardial infarction at age 40
E)Current cigarette smoker
F)Slight build
G)Hypertension
H)History of gallbladder disease

Question 14

A patient is taking gemfibrozil to lower her cholesterol level.
Which adverse effect of this medication should the nurse tell the patient about?

A)Constipation
B)Diarrhea
C)Joint pain
D)Dry mouth