Deck 32: Central Nervous System Tumors

Question 1

20)Patients treated to the cranium should be advised to protect their heads from direct sunlight because the sun _____________________________.

A) enhances radiation-induced side effects
B) causes lower white cell blood counts
C) enhances feelings of nausea
D) lowers tolerance to anti-inflammatory medications

Answer 1

A
Patients should be cautioned against exposing to direct sunlight areas of the body being treated.The radiation from the sun in combination with the radiation from treatment enhances the adverse side effects.

Question 2

9)Which portion of the brain is the site of intelligence and judgment?

A) Cerebrum
B) Cerebellum
C) Brain stem
D) Thalamus

Answer 2

A
The function of the cerebrum includes interpretation of sensory impulses and voluntary muscular activities; it is the center for memory, learning, reasoning, judgment, intelligence, and emotions.

Question 3

18)Epilation may be permanent when the cranium is treated beyond the threshold dose of ______ cGy.

A) 1000
B) 2000
C) 3000
D) 4000

Answer 3

D
With doses of greater than 4000 cGy, hair loss may be permanent.

Question 4

7)Which of the following cells is responsible for myelin production?

A) Neurons
B) Schwann cells
C) Astrocytes
D) Ependymal cells

Question 5

2)From which cells to medulloblastomas arise?

A) Primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET)
B) Primitive neuroectodermal cells
C) Astrocytes
D) Lymphocytes

Question 6

15)Which of the following beam arrangements is most typical for treatment of a malignant primary brain tumor?

A) Parallel opposed whole brain fields
B) Small fields with 1 to 3 cm margins
C) Oblique fields to include the supraorbital ridge
D) Large fields with 5 to 10 cm margins

Question 7

3)What is the most common type of brain tumor?

A) GBM
B) Astrocytoma
C) Meningioma
D) Metastatic brain lesions

Question 8

16)Which of the following is the dose at which radiation necrosis of brain tissue is most likely to occur?

A) 6000 cGy
B) 4500 cGy
C) 4000 cGy
D) 2000 cGy

Question 9

17)Chemicals that enhance the lethal effects of radiation are known as ____________.

A) cytotoxins
B) corticosteroids
C) radioprotectors
D) radiosensitizers

Question 10

5)What is the most common source of brain metastases among the following?

A) Colon
B) Lung
C) Breast
D) Melanoma

Question 11

6)Which tumors spread through the cerebral spinal fluid?

A) Astrocytoma
B) Oligodendroglioma
C) Medulloblastoma
D) Schwannoma

Question 12

13)Which of the following is most significant to the prognosis of brain tumors?

A) Tumor size
B) Lymph node involvement
C) Metastases
D) Grade

Question 13

19)Which class of chemotherapy drugs has the ability to cross the blood-brain barrier?

A) Antimetabolites
B) Plant alkaloids
C) Nitrosoureas
D) Hormonal agents

Question 14

11)What is the 5-year survival rate for all CNS tumors combined?

A) 20%
B) 35%
C) 50%
D) 75%

Question 15

14)What defines the inferior radiation field border for the treatment of the whole brain for palliation?

A) 1-cm flash
B) Superior orbital ridge
C) External auditory meatus
D) Both b and c

Question 16

12)Which of the following is a late effect of brain irradiation in children?

A) Leukemia
B) Decreased IQ
C) Gigantism
D) Chronic fatigue

Question 17

1)What is the current 5-year survival of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM)?

A) 35%
B) 55%
C) 75%
D) 95%

Question 18

8)Which of the following factors can limit the usefulness of surgery for CNS neoplasms?

A) Tumor location and extent
B) Patient status
C) Risk of causing neurologic damage
D) All of the above

Question 19

4)What is the most common CNS tumor in children?

A) Medulloblastoma
B) Metastatic lesion
C) Astrocytoma
D) Craniopharyngioma

Question 20

10)Which of the following conditions is a contraindication for stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)?

A) Spherical tumor
B) 2-cm tumor
C) Brain metastases
D) Five lesions