Deck 15: Special Procedures

Question 1

15)For the ultrasound unit to know where it is in reference to the linear accelerator, it must be ________________ with the treatment delivery unit.

A) localized
B) attenuated
C) B-moded
D) registered

Answer 1

D
The ultrasound machine must be registered to the linear accelerator to ensure its location in space is known.

Question 2

9)Stereotactic treatments have been improved on linear accelerators because of which of the following advances?

A) High-quality in-room imaging
B) Tighter mechanical specifications
C) Small field treatments
D) Only a and b

Answer 2

D
Imaging and mechanical advances have improved stereotactic treatments but the fields remain small and precise.

Question 3

18)A single fraction of radiation to a brain metastasis would be what kind of stereotactic treatment?

A) Stereotactic radiation therapy (SRT)
B) Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT)
C) Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS)

Answer 3

C
Single fraction using stereotactic radiation therapy is SRS.

Question 4

16)Forced shallow breathing technique is used to control which of the following?

A) Compression
B) Imaging
C) Motion
D) Interfraction dose

Question 5

7)Cone beam CT, TomoTherapy, and CT-on rails correct for _________ motion.

A) interfraction
B) intrafraction

Question 6

4)Heavy charged particles like protons have a(n)__________ fall-off in tissue that is desirable.

A) continuous
B) sharp
C) shortened
D) absent

Question 7

20)Turning the radiation on and off when the target is within the treatment volume represents which of the following?

A) A fiducial system
B) Gated treatments
C) A 4DCT data set
D) Forced shallow breathing

Question 8

11)TomoTherapy differs from some other volumetric imaging techniques because it __________________________.

A) is both a CT and a linear accelerator
B) uses kV and MV imaging
C) delivers customized fields
D) uses the same source for imaging and treating

Question 9

13)The cyber knife can treat anywhere in the body because it uses a(n)___________ technique.

A) nonisocentric
B) repetitive
C) real-time
D) isocentric

Question 10

5)Respiratory motion can be managed by which of the following?
I)Rapid CT scanning
II)4DCT
III)Two-breath-hold CT

A) I and II
B) II and III
C) I and III
D) I, II, and III

Question 11

6)Devices that are on the linear accelerator for imaging include all except which of the following?

A) OBI
B) EPID
C) CT-on-rails
D) Cone beam CT (CBCT)

Question 12

2)Which of the following is a goal of radiation oncology?

A) Reduce side effects
B) Deliver accurate and precise treatments
C) Increase toxic effects
D) All of the above

Question 13

19)A four-dimensional CT scan uses a(n)__________________.

A) oversampled spiral CT scan
B) pitch of 1.5
C) scanner rotation of 0.5 second
D) auditory respiratory signal

Question 14

8)Cranial stereotactic treatments began with which of the following?

A) Cyber knife
B) Proton accelerator
C) Gamma knife
D) SBRT

Question 15

3)Besides the patient and reference frame being registered, the stereotactic treatment must also ___________________.

A) control motion
B) conform to the fiducial
C) increase target volume
D) reduce treatment time

Question 16

14)Electronic portal imaging devices (EPID)can ___________________.
I)use MV and kV
II)take orthogonal images
III)send images to multiple locations

A) I and II
B) II and III
C) I and III
D) I, II, and III

Question 17

10)Radiation therapists and radiation oncologists prefer the kV images because the _______________________.

A) contrast is better
B) metal artifacts are reduced
C) timing is more efficient
D) resolution is not an issue

Question 18

12)Which of the following is the motion management method that defines an internal target volume?

A) OBI
B) compression
C) conservative
D) MIP

Question 19

1)Which of the following organs that can be affected by motion?
I)Lung
II)Liver
III)Pancreas

A) I and II
B) II and III
C) I and III
D) I, II, and III

Question 20

17)Protons are ________________.

A) highly imaged
B) heavy charged particles
C) extended range
D) electrons

Question 21

23)Which of the following is a process that aligns multiple data sets into a single coordinate system so that the spatial locations of corresponding points coincide?

A) Registration
B) Recombination
C) IGRT
D) MIP

Question 22

22)Cone beam CT _______________________.

A) uses a fan beam
B) has a 3D extended digital array
C) has an area detector with 2D extended digital array
D) has multiple rotational speeds

Question 23

24)Image-guided radiation therapy is useful because it can ____________________.
I)result in a more focused treatment
II)account for interfraction and intrafraction motion
III)compare in-room image set with treatment planning image set

A) I and II
B) II and III
C) I and III
D) I, II, and III

Question 24

25)The typical width of the spread-out proton Bragg's peak (SOBP)is _____________.

A) 2 to 16 mm
B) 2 to 16 cm
C) 1 to 25 mm
D) 1 to 25 cm

Question 25

21)Which of the following is the only approach to managing motion that allows for real-time feedback?

A) 4DCT
B) Gated treatment
C) RPM system
D) Electromagnetic transponder