Deck 2: History of Public Health and Public and Community Health Nursing

Question 1

Lillian Wald's major contribution to public health nursing was:

A) founding the American Nurses Association.
B) developing the New York Training Hospital for Nurses.
C) creating the Public Health Service.
D) establishing the Henry Street Settlement.

Answer 1

establishing the Henry Street Settlement.

Question 2

A nurse was involved in the original work of the National Organization for Public Health Nursing.Which of the following best describes the influence this has had on nursing practice today?

A) Requiring that PHNs have a baccalaureate degree in nursing
B) Standardizing public health nursing education
C) Developing nursing cooperatives
D) Opening the Henry Street Settlement

Answer 2

Standardizing public health nursing education

Question 3

Current threats to health in the United States that community health nurses are faced include:

A) diphtheria, cholera, and hepatitis.
B) HIV, H1N1 influenza, and bioterrorism.
C) avian flu, tuberculosis (TB), and radiation.
D) polluted water and air.

Answer 3

HIV, H1N1 influenza, and bioterrorism.

Question 4

A nurse is working to reform a program that was based on the Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601.Which of the following programs is the nurse most likely working on?

A) Welfare
B) Food Stamps
C) Medicaid
D) Medicare

Question 5

Neighborhood centers that provided health care,education,and social welfare programs were called:

A) settlement houses.
B) nursing care centers.
C) nurse-managed clinics.
D) public health services (PHSs).

Question 6

During the time when the Rural Nursing Service was operating through the American Red Cross,a nurse needed to demonstrate resourcefulness.Which of the following tasks would the nurse most likely have done?

A) Using hot bricks, salt, or sandbags to substitute for hot water bottles
B) Testing well water for pollutants
C) Teaching school and developing curricula for rural nursing programs
D) Providing post-surgical care

Question 7

A nurse is considering joining the American Public Health Association (APHA).Which of the following information about this organization should be considered when making this decision?

A) APHA focuses on the public health concerns of the medical profession.
B) APHA represents concerns of nursing specialty practices.
C) APHA provides a forum for nurses to discuss their public health concerns.
D) APHA focuses on providing health promotion education to the public.

Question 8

Local health departments were formed in urban areas in the late 1800s to:

A) target environmental hazards associated with crowded living conditions.
B) facilitate interdisciplinary efforts and promote "practical nursing."
C) provide immunizations and health care services to all citizens.
D) offer public health education to nurses who had finished basic training.

Question 9

The document Visiting Nursing in the United States highlighted the fact that:

A) nurses were trained by Boards of Education.
B) trained nurses adequately covered less-densely populated areas.
C) visiting nurse services were concentrated in the northeastern United States.
D) nurses were curing diseases such as TB and typhoid fever.

Question 10

A nurse is providing public health education based on the teachings of Lillian Wald.Which of the following topics will the nurse most likely discuss?

A) Taking and recording blood pressures accurately
B) Safe and sanitary baby and child care
C) Environmental pollutants and their effects on lung disease
D) Time management: balancing factory work and the home

Question 11

In early colonial North America,a colonist worked in the public health sector.Which of the following would have most likely been the focus?

A) Establishing schools of nursing
B) Developing vaccines to administer to large numbers of people
C) Collecting vital statistics and improving sanitation
D) Developing public housing and almshouses

Question 12

In the past,population-centered nurses have been called:

A) district nurses.
B) almshouse nurses.
C) soldier nurses.
D) sisters.

Question 13

A nurse had the opportunity to work with Mary Breckinridge.Which of the following would the nurse most likely have assisted with?

A) Establishing the Henry Street Settlement
B) Developing health programs geared toward improving the health care of the rural populations
C) Blazing a nursing trail through the Rockies, providing nursing care to miners and their families
D) Teaching birth control measures to large numbers of women in the South

Question 14

A nurse is comparing the historical practices of industrial and occupational health nurses.Which of the following would the nurse most likely note when comparing these two occupations?

A) Industrial nurses invented new machines to streamline production of medical goods, whereas occupational health nurses provide care to employees.
B) Industrial nurses investigated industrial injuries to improve work conditions, whereas occupational health nurses demonstrated proper body mechanics.
C) Industrial nurses treated work related-injuries, whereas occupational health nurses care for families in their homes.
D) Industrial nurses provided care for workers in their homes, whereas occupational health nurses care for work-related injuries.

Question 15

A nurse was employed by the Marine Hospital Service.Which of the following tasks would have most likely been the responsibility of the nurse?

A) Setting policy on quarantine legislation for immigrants
B) Establishing hospital-based programs to care for the sick at home
C) Identifying and improving environmental conditions
D) Providing health care for merchant seamen

Question 16

Which statement is true about African American nurses in public health?

A) Certificate and graduate education were more difficult to obtain.
B) Cities were the major areas where they practiced.
C) They often belonged to the Frontier Nursing Service (FNS).
D) They were recruited heavily as military nurses.

Question 17

Nurses who provided care to people in their homes and provided that care to several people at a time were called _____ nurses.

A) private duty
B) visiting
C) public health
D) community health

Question 18

Florence Nightingale's contributions to public health included:

A) caring for the sick, poor, and neglected in institutions and at home.
B) using a population-based approach that led to improved environmental conditions.
C) writing the Elizabethan Poor Law to guarantee medical care for all.
D) founding of the district nursing association to provide health care to needy people.

Question 19

A nurse worked in a school setting during the early twentieth century.Which of the following would have been the focus of this nurse's practice?

A) Investigating causes of absenteeism
B) Teaching school as well as being a nurse
C) Promoting nursing as an autonomous practice
D) Providing medical treatment to enable children to return to school

Question 20

A nurse is working in a public health nursing setting.Which of the following best describes why this specialty is appealing to nurses?

A) Interactions with wealthy contributors to secure funding
B) Autonomy and independence of practice
C) Ability to locate the source of diseases and cure patients
D) Opportunities to meet a variety of people

Question 21

A PHN became involved in health care reform.Which of the following best describes the purpose of this action?

A) Promote the nursing profession
B) Increase funding for public health nursing
C) Address the concerns of nurses
D) Improve health care access and reduce health care costs

Question 22

Which of the following best describes one of the health trends that occurred in the United States between 1900 and 1955?

A) There was a rise in chronic diseases such as heart disease and cancer.
B) There was a rise in communicable disease.
C) The crude mortality rate increased dramatically.
D) The life span after diagnosis remained the same.

Question 23

A student is enrolled in a nursing education program during World War II.Which of the following groups would the student most likely have joined?

A) The Public Health Service of New York City
B) The Marine Nurse Corps
C) The FNS
D) The Cadet Nurse Corps

Question 24

A major provision of the Social Security Act of 1935 was the establishment of:

A) the FNS to provide nursing service to rural communities.
B) state and local community health services and training of personnel.
C) district nursing to provide home health care to sick people.
D) community-based settlement houses.

Question 25

A PHN is compiling information about how to promote early detection of breast cancer in women.Which document would most likely provide useful information about this topic?

A) The Future of Public Health
B) Healthy People 2020
C) Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act
D) Scope and Standards of Public Health Nursing Practice

Question 26

A neighborhood health center is researching its origins.Which of the following legislative acts most likely provided funds for its development?

A) Emergency Maternity and Infant Care Act of 1943
B) Medicaid legislation
C) Social Security Act of 1935
D) Economic Opportunity Act

Question 27

A 66-year-old woman is retired and no longer has health insurance through her place of employment.Which of the following programs would be appropriate for her health insurance needs?

A) Medicare
B) Medicaid
C) Social Security
D) Economic Opportunity Act

Question 28

The impact of World War I on public health nursing included which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

A) Many communicable diseases were eradicated.
B) The ranks of PHNs depleted because many went off to war.
C) The feeling that the greatest patriotic duty was to stay at home.
D) Expanding nursing services in the community was limited by lack of funding.
E) More women entered the public health nursing workforce.

Question 29

A nurse is providing care to clients through the FNS.Which of the following clients would the nurse most likely have seen?

A) An injured soldier
B) A homebound, elderly male
C) A woman in labor
D) A child with measles