Deck 47: Ecosystems

Question 1

A network of interactions that involves the cycling of materials and the flow of energy among organisms and their physical environment is

A)a population.
B)a community.
C)an ecosystem.
D)the biosphere.
E)the habitat.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

If the __________ in an ecosystem die, wastes will accumulate, and most nutrients will stop cycling.

A)plants and animals
B)bacteria and fungi
C)roundworms and earthworms
D)phytoplankton and zooplankton
E)algae and lichens

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The primary consumers in natural communities are

A)herbivores.
B)carnivores.
C)scavengers.
D)decomposers.
E)all of these.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

The concept of an ecosystem differs from that of a community in that, unlike the community, the ecosystem includes the

A)producers.
B)decomposers.
C)physical environmental factors.
D)animals as well as the plants.
E)parasites.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT true of ecosystems?

A)Although they may include many different species, many features of ecosystem structure and function are alike.
B)Autotrophs secure energy and nutrients that are then used by heterotrophs.
C)Energy cycles and minerals flow through ecosystems.
D)Many different food chains are represented in most ecosystems.
E)Ecosystems are characterized by relatively few trophic levels.

Question 6

The sea level is rising because

A)global air temperature is rising.
B)water in the oceans is expanding.
C)ancient glaciers are melting.
D)the ice caps are melting.
E)of all of these.

Question 7

The primary consumer is

A)the second link in a food chain.
B)an herbivore.
C)an animal.
D)eaten by a carnivore.
E)all of these.

Question 8

Omnivores feed on

A)animals.
B)plants.
C)fungi.
D)bacteria.
E)any of these.

Question 9

Primary carnivores are

A)tertiary consumers in the second trophic level.
B)secondary consumers in the third trophic level.
C)secondary consumers in the second trophic level.
D)tertiary consumers in the fourth trophic level.
E)secondary consumers in the first trophic level.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT dependent on the others as a source of food?

A)carnivores
B)herbivores
C)producers
D)detritivores
E)decomposers

Question 11

Nutrient recycling in an ecosystem begins with the

A)producers.
B)lower level consumers.
C)upper level consumers.
D)decomposers.
E)detritivores.

Question 12

Which of the following is a primary consumer?

A)cow
B)dog
C)hawk
D)fox
E)snake

Question 13

Primary carnivores are

A)primary consumers.
B)secondary consumers.
C)tertiary consumers.
D)primary producers.
E)secondary producers.

Question 14

Louisiana has lost an area the size of __________ to the sea since the 1940s.

A)Connecticut
B)New Jersey
C)Rhode Island
D)Maryland
E)New York

Question 15

The inundation of Louisiana's wetlands will likely adversely affect all of the following EXCEPT

A)fish and shellfish harvesting.
B)migratory birds
C)aquatic pathogenic bacteria.
D)low lying coastal towns
E)None of the above

Question 16

Which of the following are in order from primary producer to 4^th trophic level?

A)grass: coyote: bird: grasshopper
B)coyote: bird: grasshopper: grass
C)bird: grasshopper: grass: coyote
D)grass: grasshopper: bird: coyote
E)none of these

Question 17

Ecologists determined that, regardless of the richness of the ecosystem, energy passes through no more than __________ trophic levels.

A)one or two
B)two or three
C)three or four
D)four or five
E)five or six

Question 18

Detritivores are

A)bacteria.
B)plants.
C)fungi.
D)animals.
E)both bacteria and fungi.

Question 19

Decomposers recycle materials at __________ trophic level(s).

A)the first
B)the second
C)the third
D)the fourth
E)any of these

Question 20

Which of the following are heterotrophs?

A)primary carnivores
B)herbivores
C)detritivores
D)decomposers
E)all of these

Question 21

A third level consumer may eat

A)herbivores.
B)primary producers.
C)primary carnivores.
D)second trophic level organisms.
E)none of these.

Question 22

The most complex food webs tend to have many __________ species.

A)producer
B)decomposer
C)herbivorous
D)omnivorous
E)consumer

Question 23

Questions refer to the figure above illustrating a tallgrass prairie food chain.

A primary carnivore is indicated by

A)A.
B)B.
C)C.
D)D.
E)E.

Question 24

Questions refer to the figure above illustrating a tallgrass prairie food chain.

A third level consumer is indicated by

A)A.
B)B.
C)C.
D)D.
E)E.

Question 25

Which of the following represents energy flow in a grazing food web?

A)producers >>> detritivores >>> decomposers
B)producers >>> decomposers >>> detritivores
C)producers >>> herbivores >>> decomposers >>> carnivores
D)producers >>> herbivores >>> carnivores >>> decomposers
E)producers >>> herbivores >>> detritivores >>> carnivores

Question 26

Questions refer to the figure above illustrating a tallgrass prairie food chain.

The most amount of energy is available to

A)A.
B)B.
C)C.
D)D.
E)E.

Question 27

Food chains in the ocean depths tend to be long because these habitats have

A)an abundance of producers.
B)stable environmental conditions.
C)a variety of energy sources.
D)an abundance of decomposers.
E)small numbers of predators.

Question 28

Questions refer to the figure above illustrating a tallgrass prairie food chain.

An herbivore is indicated by

A)A.
B)B.
C)C.
D)D.
E)E.

Question 29

Questions refer to the figure above illustrating a tallgrass prairie food chain.

An organism at the second trophic level is indicated by

A)A.
B)B.
C)C.
D)D.
E)E.

Question 30

Questions refer to the figure above illustrating a tallgrass prairie food chain.

The top carnivore is indicated by

A)A.
B)B.
C)C.
D)D.
E)E.

Question 31

Questions refer to the figure above illustrating a tallgrass prairie food chain.

A secondary carnivore is indicated by

A)A.
B)B.
C)C.
D)D.
E)E.

Question 32

Questions refer to the figure above illustrating a tallgrass prairie food chain.

How many levels of consumption are depicted in the figure?

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 33

Questions refer to the figure above illustrating a tallgrass prairie food chain.

The source of chemical bond energy and minerals is indicated by

A)A.
B)B.
C)C.
D)D.
E)E.