Deck 7: Organic Chemistry and Biomolecules

Question 1

Which of the following molecules contain(s) a primary alcohol?

A) chitin and glucose
B) glucose and adrenalin
C) adrenalin and serine
D) chitin, glucose, and serine
E) All of these molecules contain a primary alcohol.

Answer 1

chitin, glucose, and serine

Question 2

Which statement best describes the following molecule?

A) This molecule is a primary ether.
B) This molecule is a tertiary ether.
C) This molecule is a primary alcohol.
D) This molecule is a secondary alcohol.
E) This molecule is a tertiary alcohol.

Answer 2

This molecule is a tertiary alcohol.

Question 3

Glucose is an example of a(n)

A) diol.
B) triol.
C) polyol.
D) ether.
E) phenol.

Answer 3

polyol.

Question 4

Which of the following organic molecules contains at least one functional group?

A) All of these molecules contain at least one functional group.
B) All of these molecules except I contain at least one functional group.
C) Molecules II, III, and IV contain at least one functional group.
D) Only molecules III and IV contain a functional group.
E) None of these molecules contain a functional group.

Question 5

Which of the molecules contain(s) a hydroxyl group?

A) All of these molecules contain a hydroxyl group.
B) Only molecule I contains a hydroxyl group.
C) Molecules II and IV contain a hydroxyl group.
D) Molecules I and V contain a hydroxyl group.
E) All molecules except molecule III contain hydroxyl groups.

Question 6

Which statement best describes the relationship between the following two molecules?

A) They react in the same way.
B) They have the same boiling point.
C) They have the same solubility.
D) They are isomers.
E) All of the above

Question 7

What are the names of the functional groups in the following molecules?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 8

Which of the molecules contain(s) an ether functional group?

A) All of these molecules are ethers.
B) Only II is an ether.
C) Molecules II and IV are ethers.
D) Molecules I and V are ethers.
E) All molecules except molecule III are ethers.

Question 9

Which of these molecules contain(s) a secondary alcohol?

A) Molecules I, III, and IV contain a secondary alcohol.
B) Only molecule V contains a secondary alcohol.
C) Molecules II and IV contain a secondary alcohol.
D) Only molecule I contains a secondary alcohol.
E) All molecules except molecule II contain a secondary alcohol.

Question 10

Which of the following molecules contain(s) a polar bond?

A) All of these molecules contain polar functional groups.
B) All of these molecules except V contain a polar functional group.
C) All of these molecules except III and V contain a polar functional group.
D) Only I and II contain a polar functional group.
E) Only III contains a polar functional group.

Question 11

How do molecules with polar functional groups behave differently than molecules with nonpolar functional groups?

A) Molecules with polar functional groups are more reactive.
B) Molecules with polar functional groups have higher boiling points.
C) Molecules with polar functional groups can be soluble in water.
D) Molecules with polar functional groups have higher melting points.
E) All of the above

Question 12

Which of the following molecules is methoxypropane?

A) All of these molecules are methoxypropane.
B) All of these molecules except IV are methoxypropane.
C) Both I and II are methoxypropane.
D) Only I is methoxypropane.
E) Only IV is methoxypropane.

Question 13

Which of the following statements does NOT describe how functional groups are used in organic chemistry?

A) Functional groups are used to organize and classify organic molecules.
B) Functional groups are used to predict reactivity of molecules.
C) Functional groups are used to predict physical properties of molecules.
D) Functional groups are used in naming organic molecules.
E) Functional groups are used to determine the natural abundance of a molecule.

Question 14

Which of the following molecules contain(s) an alcohol?

A) All of these molecules contain an alcohol.
B) I only
C) II only
D) III only
E) Both I and II contain an alcohol.

Question 15

Which of the following molecules contain(s) an ether functional group?

A) All of these molecules contain an ether.
B) I only
C) II only
D) III only
E) Both I and II contain an ether.

Question 16

Alcohols are classified as primary, secondary or tertiary alcohols. In order to determine how to classify an alcohol, the number of carbon groups attached to a particular atom in the molecule is counted. Which atom in the molecule below is it?

A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) e

Question 17

What is the IUPAC name of CH₃CH₂OCH₃?

A) butyl ether
B) 2-propylether
C) ethoxymethane
D) methyl ether
E) methoxyethane

Question 18

Which of the following statements does NOT describe functional groups?

A) A functional group must contain a heteroatom.
B) Functional groups are groups of atoms that have characteristic reactivity.
C) Functional groups are groups of atoms that have characteristic physical properties.
D) Functional groups are characteristic arrangements of atoms and bonds.
E) Carbon-carbon single bonds are not normally considered functional groups.

Question 19

Which of the following alcohols are found in alcoholic beverages such as wine and beer?

A) methanol
B) ethanol
C) propanol
D) isopropanol
E) tert-butanol

Question 20

Molecules containing two hydroxyl groups are referred to as

A) diols.
B) triols.
C) polyols.
D) ethers.
E) phenols.

Question 21

Which of the following structures is 3-methylphenol?

A) All of these structures are 3-methylphenol.
B) Both I and III are 3-methylphenol.
C) Both II and IV are 3-methylphenol.
D) Only I is 3-methylphenol.
E) Only III is 3-methylphenol.

Question 22

Which of these molecules has the lowest boiling point?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 23

Which of these molecules is the least soluble in water?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 24

As the number of hydroxyl groups in a molecule __________, the solubility of the molecule increases. As the number of carbons in a molecule ___________, the solubility decreases.

A) increases; increases
B) decreases; decreases
C) decreases, increases
D) increases, decreases
E) Actually, the number of hydroxyl groups and carbons in a molecule do not affect a molecule's solubility.

Question 25

What is the IUPAC name of the following molecule?

A) 1,2,3,3-tetramethylpropan-1-ol
B) 1,2,3-trimethylbutan-1-ol
C) 2,3,4-trimethylbutan-1-ol
D) 3,4-dimethylpentan-2-ol
E) 2,3-dimethylpenan-2-ol

Question 26

Which of the following molecules is the most water soluble?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 27

Physiologically active nitrogen compounds that are derived from plants are called

A) antacids.
B) acids.
C) amides.
D) alkaloids.
E) steroids.

Question 28

Which statement best describes why ethers have lower boiling points than alcohols of the same molecular weight?

A) Ethers cannot hydrogen bond to one another.
B) Alcohols cannot hydrogen bond to one another.
C) Ethers can hydrogen bond with water.
D) Alcohols can hydrogen bond with water.
E) Ethers cannot hydrogen bond with water.

Question 29

What is the IUPAC name of this molecule?

A) 2-ethylpentan-5-ol
B) 4-ethylpentan-1-ol
C) 4-methylhexan-1-ol
D) 3-methylhexan-6-ol
E) 5-methylhexan-1-ol

Question 30

Which of the following molecules is 2-methylbutan-2-ol?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 31

What is the molecular shape around the oxygen atom?

A) bent
B) trigonal planar
C) trigonal pyramidal
D) tetrahedral
E) linear

Question 32

Which of these molecules is the most soluble in water?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 33

The following molecule is a _____ amine.

A) primary
B) secondary
C) tertiary
D) quaternary
E) This molecule is not an amine.

Question 34

An arrow is pointing to the oxygen of the alcohol. What is the C-O-H bond angle?

A) 90°
B) 109.5°
C) 120°
D) 180°
E) 270°

Question 35

Which of the following is the best description of this alcohol?

A) It is a 1° alcohol.
B) It is a 2° alcohol.
C) It is a 3° alcohol.
D) It is a 4° alcohol.
E) It is both a 1° and a 2° alcohol.

Question 36

What is the parent chain name of the following molecule?

A) hexan-1-ol
B) pentan-1-ol
C) pentan-5-ol
D) hexan-6-ol
E) hexan-2-ol

Question 37

Which of the following diagrams best illustrates the interaction of dimethyl ether with water? Note that dashed lines indicate intermolecular forces of attraction.

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 38

Which statement best describes which characteristics of an alcohol must be considered in order to determine whether or not the alcohol is soluble in water.

A) the molecular weight of the alcohol
B) the number of carbons in the alcohol
C) the number of hydroxyl groups in the molecule
D) the degree of branching of the molecule
E) both the number of carbons and the number of hydroxyl groups in the molecule

Question 39

Which of the following molecules is a secondary amine?

A) All of these molecules are secondary amines.
B) I is the only secondary amine.
C) II is the only secondary amine.
D) I and II are both secondary amines.
E) II and III are both secondary amines.

Question 40

Which choice best describes the functional groups in adrenaline, the neurotransmitter responsible for the "fight or flight" response?

A) phenol, secondary alcohol, secondary amine
B) phenol, secondary alcohol, primary amine
C) phenol, primary alcohol, secondary amine
D) phenol, secondary alcohol, secondary amide
E) phenol, secondary alcohol, primary amide

Question 41

Below are several different molecules. Which ones contain a ketone?

A) All of these molecules contain a ketone.
B) All of these molecules except III contain a ketone.
C) Only I and II are ketones.
D) Only I and IV are ketones.
E) Only I is a ketone.

Question 42

What is the structure of polyatomic cation formed when methylamine removes a hydrogen ion (H⁺) from water?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 43

Which of the following molecules is N-methylbutan-1-amine?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 44

One of the trends that can be observed from the following table of amines and their boiling points is that:

A) All secondary amines have similar boiling points.
B) Branched amines have higher boiling points than unbranched amines.
C) Secondary amines have higher boiling points than primary amines.
D) Secondary amines have lower boiling points than primary amines.
E) All molecules with similar molecular weights have similar boiling points.

Question 45

In which structure below is the parent chain numbered correctly?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 46

Which of the following molecules contains an aldehyde?

A) CH₃CH₂OH
B) CH₃COCH₃
C) CH₃CHO
D) CH₃OCH₃
E) All of the above molecules contain aldehydes.

Question 47

Below is a ball-and-stick model of acetone. Which of the following Lewis structures is acetone?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 48

What is the molecular shape of the amine nitrogen in adrenaline?

A) linear
B) bent
C) trigonal planar
D) trigonal pyramidal
E) tetrahedral

Question 49

When administered as a treatment for anaphylaxis, adrenaline is administered as a positively charged ion. What is the structure of this positively charged ion?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 50

What is the IUPAC name of the following molecule?

A) N,N,3-triethylpropanamine
B) N,N-ethylpropanamine
C) N-pentylpentan-3-amine
D) N,N-dimethylpentan-3-amine
E) N,N-diethylpentan-3-amine

Question 51

Which statement best describes why amine I has a lower boiling point than II and III?

A) I has a lower molecular weight.
B) I does not have a hydrogen attached to the nitrogen and so it does not form a hydrogen bond.
C) I is more highly branched and so it does not form as many dipole-dipole interactions between the carbon and nitrogen.
D) I has a higher molecular weight.
E) I cannot form an ion.

Question 52

What is the name of the following molecule?

A) 1-methylcyclopentan-3-one
B) 1-methylcyclopentan-3-al
C) 3-methylcyclopentanal
D) 3-methylcyclopentanol
E) 3-methylcyclopentanone

Question 53

Does isopropyl alcohol have a higher or lower boiling point than acetone?

A) Higher, because isopropyl alcohol can hydrogen bond
B) Lower, because isopropyl alcohol can hydrogen bond
C) Higher, because isopropyl alcohol can form dispersion forces
D) Lower, because isopropyl alcohol can form dispersion forces
E) It is not possible to determine the answer based on the information provided.

Question 54

Can adrenaline form hydrogen bonds, and if so, which functional groups are involved?

A) No, adrenaline is too stable to form hydrogen bonds.
B) No, adrenaline has an aromatic ring that prevents it from forming hydrogen bonds.
C) Yes, the amine hydrogen bonds.
D) Yes, the alcohol hydrogen bonds.
E) Yes, both the alcohol and amine hydrogen bond.

Question 55

Which statement best describes how aldehydes, ketones and carboxylic acids are similar?

A) They are geometric isomers.
B) They are constitutional isomers.
C) They are conformers.
D) They all contain hydroxyl groups.
E) They all contain carbonyl groups.

Question 56

Which of the following illustrations best describes the polarity of methylamine?

A)
B)
C)
D)
E)

Question 57

Which of the following molecules contains at least one ketone?

A) testosterone
B) acetone
C) hydrocodone
D) prednisone
E) All of the above

Question 58

The simplest aldehyde is formaldehyde, which is used as a preservative. Which of the following molecules is formaldehyde?

A) HCHO
B) CH₃OH
C) CH₃COCH₃
D) CH₃CH₂OHCH₃
E) CH₃CHO

Question 59

Which of the following molecules contains an aldehyde?

A) propanal
B) propanol
C) propanone
D) propanoic acid
E) propanamide

Question 60

Adrenaline is responsible for the body's "fight or flight" response. Taking amphetamines results in a similar response. Which of the following statements best explains this observation?

A) Adrenaline and amphetamine are both metabolized in the same way because they have similar structures.
B) Adrenaline and amphetamine both bind to the same receptor because they have similar structures.
C) Amphetamine replaces adrenaline in important biosynthetic pathways.
D) There are two different pathways for the "fight or flight" response. Adrenaline activates one and amphetamine activates the other.
E) No one understands why this occurs.

Question 61

What is the IUPAC name of the parent chain of the following molecule?

A) propanoate
B) ethanoate
C) pentanoate
D) methanoate
E) butanoate

Question 62

Anandamide is a neurotransmitter that is involved in controlling mood and appetite. Which choice best describes the functional groups found in this molecule?

A) alcohols, esters, alkenes, and ketones
B) alcohols, ketones, and alkenes
C) alcohols, phenols, and ketones
D) phenols, ethers, alkenes, esters, and ketones
E) phenols, ethers, alkenes, and ketones

Question 63

What is the product when a carboxylic acid donates a proton ion (H⁺) to water?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 64

Which of the following molecules is ethyl butanoate?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 65

What is the name of the following molecule?

A) butanoic acid
B) 1-hydroxypentanal
C) 1-hydroxypentanone
D) pentanoic acid
E) 5-pentanoic acid

Question 66

Which of the following molecules contain an amide?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 67

What type of biomolecule is shown below?

A) a fatty acid
B) a nucleic acid
C) an amino acid
D) a sugar
E) This is not a biomolecule.

Question 68

Methadone, a drug used to aid in the withdrawal from heroin, contains several functional groups. Which functional group is NOT found in methadone?

A) two benzene rings
B) a tertiary amine
C) a ketone
D) an aldehyde
E) Neither a tertiary amine nor an aldehyde is found in methadone.

Question 69

A common misconception is that the following molecule contains two functional groups, an alcohol and a ketone, but this is not the case. What functional group does this molecule actually contain and why is it important to differentiate between this functional group and an alcohol?

A) This molecule contains a carboxylic acid, which reacts very differently than an alcohol.
B) This molecule contains a carboxylic acid, which is an isomer of an alcohol.
C) This molecule contains a carbonyl, which hydrogen bonds much more than an alcohol.
D) This molecule contains a carbonyl, which reacts very differently than an alcohol.
E) This molecule contains a carboxylic acid, which is unreactive.

Question 70

Which of the following biomolecules contains three ester functional groups?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 71

Which of the following molecules is acetic acid?

A) CH₃COOH
B) CH₃COO^-
C) CH₃CH₂COOH
D) CH₃CH₂COO^-
E) CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH

Question 72

What type of biomolecule is shown below?

A) a triglyceride
B) a nucleic acid
C) an amino acid
D) a steroid
E) a sugar

Question 73

Which of the following molecules has the highest boiling point?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 74

Which functional groups are in the following molecule of aspirin?

A) a benzene ring, an ester, a ketone, and an alcohol
B) a benzene ring, two ketones, an ether, and an alcohol
C) a benzene ring, a carboxylic acid, an ether, and a ketone
D) a benzene ring, a carboxylic acid, and an ester
E) a phenol, two ketones, and an alcohol

Question 75

Which of the following molecules contain a carboxylic acid?

A) CH₃COOH
B)
C) CH₃CO₂H
D)
E) All of the above

Question 76

Which of the compounds has the highest boiling point?

A)a
B)b
C)c
D)d
E)e

Question 77

Which of the following choices best describes the functional group(s) in this molecule?

A) a carboxylic acid
B) a carboxylate
C) an alcohol and a ketone
D) an alcohol and an aldehyde
E) an alcohol, a sodium, and a carbonyl

Question 78

What is the name of the following ester?

A) benzyl propanoate
B) phenol propanoate
C) propyl benzoate
D) propyl phenoate
E) benzene propyl ester

Question 79

What type of carbonyl containing compound has the following general structure?

A) aldehyde
B) amide
C) thioester
D) ester
E) carboxylic acid

Question 80

What is the name of the carbonyl-containing compound that has the following general structure: RCO₂R?

A) aldehyde
B) amide
C) thioester
D) ester
E) carboxylic acid