Deck 14: Regression Analysis: Predicting Linear Relationships

Question 1

14-20 In the equation Y = +1.3X - 7, the Y-intercept is.

A)+1.3
B)-7.0
C)+7.0
D)the value of Y when X = 1

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Each time variable X increases by one unit, variable Y decreases by 1.3 units. Variables X and Y are related.

A)nonlinearly
B)not
C)perfectly negatively
D)perfectly positively

Answer 2

C

Question 3

14-10 The slope of a straight line is defined as (Y2 - Y1) (X2 - X1).

A)minus
B)divided by
C)plus
D)multiplied by

Answer 3

B

Question 4

14-11 The formula (Y2 - Y1) ÷ (X2 - X1) expresses the.

A)equation of a straight line
B)linear relationship of X and Y
C)slope of a straight line
D)Y-intercept of a straight line

Question 5

14-15 The Y-intercept is the value of when the value of is equal to zero.

A)X; X
B)X; Y
C)Y; X
D)Y; Y

Question 6

A linear relationship requires that.

A)a change of one unit in variable X be accompanied by a constant amount of change in variable Y
B)when X equals zero, then Y must equal zero
C)the population distributions of X and Y are normal
D)a change of one unit in variable X be accompanied by a varying amount of change in variable Y

Question 7

The purpose of a linear regression line is to.

A)predict one set of scores from another set
B)display the bivariate distribution of X and Y
C)identify the mean of the X and Y variables
D)calculate the correlation coefficient

Question 8

14-18 In the equation Y = +0.6X + 14, +0.6 is the and 14 is the.

A)Y-intercept; slope
B)X-intercept; slope
C)slope; Y-intercept
D)slope; X-intercept

Question 9

14-17 The value of Y when X equals zero in the equation of a straight line is called.

A)the slope of the line
B)b
C)the X-intercept of the line
D)the Y-intercept of the line

Question 10

The general equation for a straight line is expressed as.

A)Y = bX - a
B)Y = bX + a
C)Y = X(b + a)
D)Y = X(b - a)

Question 11

If a change of one unit in variable X is accompanied by a constant change in variable Y, then X and Y are related.

A)not
B)linearly
C)nonlinearly
D)correlationally

Question 12

14-13 The expression Y = bX is true, if.

A)the slope is positive
B)both X and Y variables represent interval measurement scales
C)the correlation coefficient equals +1.0
D)X = 0, then Y = 0

Question 13

Each time variable X increases by one unit, variable Y increases by 0.7 of a unit. Variables X and Y are related.

A)nonlinearly
B)not
C)perfectly negatively
D)perfectly positively

Question 14

In the equation for a straight line, the slope of the line is represented by the symbol.

A)Y
B)b
C)X
D)a

Question 15

14-16 The Y-intercept is the value of Y when the value of X is equal to.

A)its lowest score
B)its highest score
C)its mean
D)zero

Question 16

14-19 In the equation Y = -0.4X + 8, the slope is.

A)-0.4
B)+8.0
C)+0.4
D)-8.0

Question 17

In the equation for a straight line, b represents the.

A)X-intercept
B)Y-intercept
C)degree of association between X and Y
D)slope

Question 18

14-14 If Y = -.8X, then what is the value of Y when X = 10?

A)-8.0
B)+8.0
C)-0.8
D)Not enough

Question 19

14-12 The amount of change in a Y variable that accompanies a given amount of change in an X variable is the .

A)slope of a straight line
B)Y-intercept of a straight line
C)correlation between X and Y
D)length of the prediction line

Question 20

In a linear relationship,.

A)the X and Y variables are not related
B)the X and Y variables are related with a curved line
C)a change of one unit in variable X is accompanied by a constant amount of change in variable Y
D)all the above

Question 21

14-37 If Y ' = +0.5X + 8, then Y ' for X = 12 is.

A)+2.0
B)+14.0
C)-14.0
D)+20.0

Question 22

14-27 Y ' represents the.

A)slope of a straight line
B)value of Y predicted from a value of X
C)value of the Y score obtained by a subject
D)Y-intercept

Question 23

14-24 If Y = +12 when X = 0, then the slope of the straight line relating X and Y.

A)equals +12
B)equals -12
C)equals zero
D)cannot be determined from the

Question 24

14-23 In the equation Y = -0.8X - 10, the value of Y will be when X = 4.

A)-10.0
B)+6.8
C)-13.2
D)+13.2

Question 25

14-25 The equation of a straight line is Y = -1.4X + 5.0. From this equation we know that.

A)the line has a negative slope and intersects the X axis at +5.0
B)the line has a slope of +5.0 and intersects the Y axis at -1.4
C)the line has a slope of -1.4 and intersects the Y axis at +5.0
D)X and Y are not linearly related

Question 26

14-36 , then the Y-intercept of the least-squares regression line is .

A)+30.0
B)-12.0
C)+12.0
D)-30.0

Question 27

14-22 In the equation Y = +1.5X - 3, the value of Y will be when X = 1.

A)-1.5
B)+1.5
C)-3.0
D)+3.5

Question 28

14-28 The minimizes the sum of values.

A)least-squares regression line
B)coefficient of determination
C)correlation line
D)standard error of the estimate

Question 29

14-38 If Y ' = -1.3X + 20, then Y ' for X = 50 is.

A)-70.0
B)+70.0
C)+45.0
D)-45.0

Question 30

14-41 When predicting a participant's Y score from a linear regression line, the error in that prediction is.

A)how much the actual score, Y, differs from the mean of the scores, Y
B)the difference between the predicted score, Y ', and the X score used to make the prediction
C)the difference between the predicted score, Y ', and the mean of the predicted scores, Y '
D)how much the actual Y score differs from the predicted Y ' score

Question 31

14-42 In linear regression the difference between a value of Y and Y ' is known as the.

A)error of measurement
B)standard error of estimate
C)statistical residue
D)residual

Question 32

14-26 Values of Y predicted from values of X are symbolized by.

A)Ypred
B)Y
C)Yp
D)Y '

Question 33

14-34 The slope for a least-squares regression line is defined as the correlation coefficient multiplied by the.

A)ratio of the estimated population standard deviations for Y and X
B)ratio of the means for X and Y
C)estimated population variance for X
D)standard error of the estimate

Question 34

14-39 If Y ' = 2.2X - 18, then Y ' for X = 90 is.

A)+198.0
B)-180.0
C)+180.0
D)+216.0

Question 35

14-21 In the equation Y = -0.4X + 8, the value of Y will be when X = 2.

A)7.2
B)0.0
C)8.0
D)8.8

Question 36

14-45 In linear regression, the sum of the differences between the actual Y scores and the predicted Y ' scores is.

A)normally distributed around the mean of Y
B)always equal to zero
C)the numerator of the slope of the regression equation
D)equal to the variance of the Y variable

Question 37

14-29 A straight line fitted through the points in a scatterplot that minimizes Σ(Y - Y') 2 is called a line.

A)correlation
B)residual
C)linear
D)least-squares regression

Question 38

14-31 A regression equation describes the fitted to the scatterplot of scores.

A)coefficient of determination
B)straight line
C)slope of the correlation coefficient
D)residuals

Question 39

14-43 The difference between a predicted and an obtained value of Y when using a linear regression line is the.

A)residual
B)statistical residue
C)error of measurement
D)error of estimate

Question 40

14-32 In a least-squares regression line, b is defined as the ratio of CPXY to.

A)SSY
B)SSX
C)SSX + SSY
D)(SSX)(SSY)

Question 41

14-51 The symbol .
SY ) X
In linear regression represents the standard error of for predicting

A)estimate; X from Y
B)estimate; Y from X
C)measurement; X from Y
D)measurement; Y from X

Question 42

14-49 The measure of accuracy of prediction in linear regression is provided by the.

A)standard deviation of Y '
B)standard deviation of Y - Y values
C)standard error of estimate
D)standard error of the mean

Question 43

14-67 A linear regression line is assumed to.

A)curve slightly upwards at the highest value of X
B)be a straight line relation throughout the range of X values
C)curve slightly downwards at the lowest value of X
D)assume a negative slope near zero if the correlation coefficient is negative

Question 44

14-53 If SSResidual = 490 and Npairs = 12, then sY . X

A)40.8
B)7.0
C)49.0
D)40.8

Question 45

14-62 The typical amount of error in predicting from the linear regression line is represented by the.

A)standard deviation for the Y variable
B)coefficient of determination
C)standard error of estimate
D)slope of the regression equation

Question 46

14-64 The value of sY . X will be equal to zero when the.

A)coefficient of determination is zero
B)slope of the regression line is negative
C)correlation coefficient for variables X and Y is 1.00
D)SSResidual equals 1.00

Question 47

14-61 Assume that you are predicting X from Y. Which of the following correlation coefficients would yield predictions with the most error?

A)r = -.20.
B)r = -.40.
C)r = -1.00.
D)r = +.10.

Question 48

14-60 Assume that you are predicting Y from X. Which of the following correlation coefficients would yield predictions with the least error?

A)r = zero.
B)r = +.30.
C)r = -.70.
D)r = +.60.

Question 49

14-63 The value of sY . X will be equal to sY
When.

A)r for variables X and Y = zero
B)r for variables X and Y = plus or minus 1.00
C)the mean of X is equal to the mean of Y
D)the standard deviation of X is equal to the standard deviation of Y

Question 50

14-65 If r for variables X and Y = zero, then the.

A)best prediction of Y is the mean of Y
B)regression equation will predict Y exactly
C)mean of X will be higher than the mean of Y
D)Y-intercept is equal to 1.0

Question 51

14-52 The standard error of estimate is defined as the square root of the quantity divided by the.

A)SSY; Npairs - 2
B)SSY; Npairs + 2
C)SSResidual; Npairs - 1
D)SSResidual; Npairs - 2

Question 52

14-48 The

A)SSResidual
B)SSCorrelation
C)SSY
D)SSError

Question 53

14-56 The standard error of estimate in linear regression will be zero when.

A)r = zero
B)r = -1.00 or +1.00
C)the slope of the regression line is 0.00
D)the slope of the regression line is 1.00

Question 54

14-55 The standard error of estimate indicates the amount of error in predictions when using the to predict values of Y from X.

A)mean of X
B)mean of Y
C)linear regression line
D)coefficient of determination

Question 55

14-46 The sum of the residuals when using a least-squares regression line is.

A)normally distributed around the mean of Y
B)normally distributed around the mean of X
C)equal to zero
D)equal to the variance of the Y variable