Question 1

Which of the following principles of emergency management is matched appropriately&#10;A) Life support-gathering as much information as possible about the poison&#10;B) Clinical assessments-ensuring a clear airway, maintaining effective respiration and circulation and addressing fluid or metabolic imbalances&#10;C) Decontamination and detoxification-reducing the amount of poison absorbed&#10;D)Neutralisation and elimination-providing hydration and electrolyte management

Accepted Answer

Decontamination and detoxification involve reducing the amount of poison absorbed, which matches the given statement about gathering as much information as possible about the poison. Clinical assessments involve ensuring a clear airway, maintaining effective respiration and circulation, and addressing fluid or metabolic imbalances, which matches the given statement about providing hydration and electrolyte management. Therefore, neither A nor D is an appropriate match.

Question 2

AZ is a 62-year-old farmer who is brought in to the emergency department for the management of organophosphate poisoning.How should this be managed?&#10;A) Administration of vitamin K&#10;B) Administration of atropine&#10;C) Administration of diphenhydramine&#10;D) Administration of dicobalt edetate

Accepted Answer

Atropine is used in the management of organophosphate poisoning to counteract the muscarinic effects of excessive acetylcholine, which is a result of the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by organophosphates.

Question 3

Which of the following best characterizes the mode of action of cyanide poisoning?&#10;A) Central nervous system depressant&#10;B) Displaces essential trace elements and accumulates in tissues&#10;C) Permanently disables the enzyme cholinesterase&#10;D) Diminishes cellular energy

Accepted Answer

Cyanide works by binding to and inhibiting complex IV of the electron transport chain, which is responsible for generating cellular energy in the form of ATP. This leads to a decrease in cellular respiration and a buildup of lactic acid, which can cause symptoms such as rapid breathing, headache, and confusion.

Question 4

Which of the following best characterises the main principles associated with the emergency management of poisoning?&#10;A) Life support, clinical assessment, decontamination and detoxification, neutralisation and elimination of the poison&#10;B) The monitoring of adverse effects after ingestion of the poison&#10;C) The identification of the chemical associated with the poisoning and administration of decontaminating agents&#10;D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

The main principles associated with the emergency management of poisoning include life support, clinical assessment, decontamination and detoxification, neutralisation and elimination of the poison. The other options may be part of the emergency management process but do not encompass all the main principles.

Question 5

Which of the following is an iron chelating agent?&#10;A) Disodium edetate&#10;B) Deferasirox&#10;C) d-penicillamine&#10;D) Calcium gluconate

Accepted Answer

Deferasirox is specifically designed to bind to iron and remove it from the bloodstream, making it an effective iron chelating agent.

Deck 21: Poisoning and Envenomation