Question 1

Which secondary messenger is associated with endothelin receptors?&#10;A) IP?&#10;B) Cyclic AMP&#10;C) DAG&#10;D) Both A and D

Accepted Answer

IP?

Question 2

Nitric oxide is a highly stable gas used for the management of cyanide poisoning.

Accepted Answer

Nitric oxide is not used for the management of cyanide poisoning. Instead, the treatment commonly involves antidotes such as hydroxocobalamin or sodium thiosulfate. Nitric oxide is used in medicine for other purposes, such as treating pulmonary hypertension.

Question 3

How many endothelin receptor subtypes have been identified?&#10;A) One&#10;B) Two&#10;C) Three&#10;D) Four

Accepted Answer

There are two main endothelin receptor subtypes identified: ETA and ETB.

Question 4

Endothelin receptor antagonists have been used for the treatment of:&#10;A) pulmonary hypertension.&#10;B) ischemic valve disease.&#10;C) peripheral vascular disease.&#10;D) none of the above.

Accepted Answer

Endothelin receptor antagonists are commonly used for the treatment of pulmonary hypertension. They act by blocking the action of endothelin, which is a potent vasoconstrictor that plays a role in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. Endothelin receptor antagonists have been shown to improve symptoms, exercise capacity, and hemodynamics in patients with pulmonary hypertension. They are not used for the treatment of ischemic valve disease or peripheral vascular disease.

Question 5

Endothelin receptor antagonists can be used safely in pregnant patients.

Accepted Answer

Endothelin receptor antagonists may cause harm to the developing fetus and are not recommended during pregnancy. Pregnant patients using these drugs should consult with their healthcare provider for alternative treatment options.

Deck 31: Nitric Oxide and the Endothelins