Question 1

Which of the following describes extrapyramidal reactions associated with first-line antipsychotic therapy?&#10;A) Lip smacking and rapid darting tongue movements&#10;B) Facial grimacing, wry neck and limb spasticity&#10;C) Tremor and rigidity&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Extrapyramidal reactions are a common side effect of first-line antipsychotic therapy. These reactions include lip smacking and rapid darting tongue movements (also called buccolingual movements), facial grimacing, wry neck (also called torticollis), limb spasticity, tremor, and rigidity. Therefore, choice D is the best answer.

Question 2

Which of the following is an atypical antipsychotic agent?&#10;A) Trifluoperazine&#10;B) Prochlorperazine&#10;C) Haloperidol&#10;D) Clozapine

Accepted Answer

Clozapine is an atypical antipsychotic agent, while the other options (Trifluoperazine, Prochlorperazine, Haloperidol) are typical antipsychotic agents. Atypical antipsychotics are newer medications that have a different mechanism of action compared to typical antipsychotics and are generally associated with a lower risk of extrapyramidal side effects. Clozapine is often used for treatment-resistant schizophrenia.

Question 3

Akathisia,dystonic reactions and tardive dyskinesia are extrapyramidal symptoms associated with:&#10;A) antipsychotic use of some agents.&#10;B) anxiolytics.&#10;C) hypnotics.&#10;D) tetracyclic antidepressants.

Accepted Answer

Akathisia (restlessness), dystonic reactions (muscle spasms), and tardive dyskinesia (involuntary movements) are all extrapyramidal symptoms that can occur with the use of antipsychotic medications.

Question 4

Cholestatic jaundice can occur with which phenothiazine antipsychotic agent,therefore requiring cessation of the agent?&#10;A) Fluphenazine&#10;B) Pericyazine&#10;C) Chlorpromazine&#10;D) Pipothiazine

Accepted Answer

Cholestatic jaundice is a rare but serious side effect of chlorpromazine, a phenothiazine antipsychotic agent. This condition is characterized by a buildup of bile in the liver, leading to yellowing of the skin and eyes, abdominal pain, and digestive problems. Treatment typically involves stopping the medication and monitoring liver function. Fluphenazine, pericyazine, and pipotiazine are also phenothiazine antipsychotics, but they are not commonly associated with cholestatic jaundice.

Question 5

Psychoses include the following conditions EXCEPT:&#10;A) depression.&#10;B) schizophrenia.&#10;C) severe agitation.&#10;D) some forms of dementia.

Accepted Answer

Psychosis is a symptom of many mental health conditions, including schizophrenia, severe agitation, and some forms of dementia. However, depression is not typically considered a psychotic disorder, though it can present with psychotic symptoms in some cases.

Question 6

When switching from one antipsychotic medication to clozapine,the other antipsychotic medication is reduced over:&#10;A) one day, and stopped for 24 hours before starting clozapine.&#10;B) two days, and stopped for 24 hours before starting clozapine.&#10;C) four days, and stopped for 24 hours before starting clozapine.&#10;D) seven days, and stopped for 24 hours before starting clozapine.

Accepted Answer

When transitioning a patient to clozapine from another antipsychotic medication, it is recommended to taper off the current antipsychotic over a period of seven days and then stop it for 24 hours before starting clozapine. This approach helps to minimize the risk of adverse effects and drug interactions.

Question 7

Which of the following antipsychotic drug groups is associated with photosensitivity,therefore requiring protection from the sun?&#10;A) The butyrophenones&#10;B) The phenothiazines&#10;C) The dibenzodiazepines&#10;D) The thioxanthenes

Accepted Answer

Phenothiazines are the antipsychotic drug group that is associated with photosensitivity. Therefore, patients who use these drugs require protection from the sun.

Question 8

An example of a psychosis is:&#10;A) schizophrenia.&#10;B) depression.&#10;C) anxiety.&#10;D) panic disorder.

Accepted Answer

Psychosis is a term used to describe a mental condition in which a person loss touch with reality. Schizophrenia is a type of psychosis in which a person experiences delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and abnormal behavior. Other disorders such as depression, anxiety, and panic disorder do not involve psychosis as a primary symptom.

Question 9

Which dopamine receptor is most frequently associated with psychotic illness?&#10;A) D1&#10;B) D2&#10;C) D3&#10;D) D4

Accepted Answer

The D2 dopamine receptor is most frequently associated with psychotic illness, specifically schizophrenia. This is based on the fact that antipsychotic medications, which primarily target D2 receptors, are effective in treating the positive symptoms of schizophrenia such as hallucinations and delusions.

Deck 33: Antipsychotics