Question 1

The antifungal amphotericin can be used:&#10;A) topically, intravenously and in lozenge form.&#10;B) intramuscularly, intrathecally and transdermally.&#10;C) intramuscularly and intravenously.&#10;D) topically and orally.

Accepted Answer

Amphotericin can be used topically for fungal infections of the skin and nails, intravenously for systemic fungal infections, and in lozenge form for oral thrush. It is not typically administered intramuscularly, intrathecally, or transdermally, and it is not available in oral form. Therefore, the best choice is A.

Question 2

Tinea cruris is also known as:&#10;A) athlete's foot.&#10;B) ringworm.&#10;C) onychomycosis.&#10;D) jockstrap itch.

Accepted Answer

Tinea cruris is also known as jockstrap itch. It is a fungal infection that affects the groin area and inner thighs. It is not the same as athlete's foot or ringworm, which affect different areas of the body. Onychomycosis, on the other hand, is a fungal infection of the nails.

Question 3

Which are qualities of subcutaneous mycoses? Select all that apply.&#10;A) It is most common in northern countries.&#10;B) It can be grossly disfiguring.&#10;C) It involves skin, fascia and bone.&#10;D) It is caused by dermatophytes.&#10;E) Is commonly referred to as candidiasis.

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous mycoses can be grossly disfiguring as they often result in the formation of large abscesses and ulcers. They involve not only the skin but also deeper tissues such as the fascia and bone. They are not caused by dermatophytes, which cause superficial mycoses. They are also not commonly referred to as candidiasis. The geographical distribution of subcutaneous mycoses varies depending on the specific fungal species and is not restricted to northern countries.

Question 4

The benefit of combining PEG with interferon is:&#10;A) the dose interval is reduced.&#10;B) influenza-type symptoms are reduced.&#10;C) it can be produced by recombinant DNA technology.&#10;D) it increases the activity of interferon.

Accepted Answer

The combination of polyethylene glycol (PEG) with interferon allows for a reduced dosing frequency because PEGylation prolongs the half-life of interferon in the bloodstream.

Question 5

Tinea barbae affects the:&#10;A) nails.&#10;B) beard.&#10;C) groin.&#10;D) head.

Accepted Answer

Tinea barbae is a type of fungal infection that affects the beard area on the face. It is not related to nails, groin or head.

Question 6

Systemic candidiasis can be treated with parenteral:&#10;A) amphotericin.&#10;B) griseofulvin.&#10;C) itraconazole.&#10;D) terbinafine.

Accepted Answer

Systemic candidiasis is a severe infection caused by a Candida species that spreads through the bloodstream. Treatment of systemic candidiasis involves the use of intravenous antifungal medications, and amphotericin is the best choice for this purpose. It is a polyene antifungal drug that is effective against a wide range of Candida species, including those that are resistant to azole antifungal drugs. Griseofulvin is used to treat fungal infections of the skin, hair, and nails, and itraconazole and terbinafine are used to treat superficial fungal infections.

Question 7

________,which occur in about one-third of individuals on voriconazole,should be regularly monitored.Which changes are reversible when voriconazole therapy is completed?&#10;A) Hearing and vestibular changes&#10;B) Vision changes&#10;C) Muscle strength changes&#10;D) Taste changes

Accepted Answer

Vision changes (including blurred vision, color perception changes, and photophobia) occur in about one-third of individuals on voriconazole and should be regularly monitored. However, these changes are usually reversible when voriconazole therapy is completed. Hearing and vestibular changes may also occur (in about 4-10% of individuals), but these changes may be irreversible. Muscle strength changes and taste changes are not commonly reported side effects of voriconazole.

Question 8

If the antifungal terbinafine is administered orally for more than six weeks for a fungal nail infection,the person should be advised to have:&#10;A) blood cholesterol levels monitored.&#10;B) liver enzyme levels and blood count monitored.&#10;C) respiratory function monitored.&#10;D) aural function monitored.

Accepted Answer

Long-term administration of terbinafine can cause hepatotoxicity and therefore liver enzyme levels should be monitored regularly. Blood count should also be monitored to detect any potential hematological changes. Monitoring of cholesterol and respiratory function is not directly associated with terbinafine use. Aural function monitoring is not necessary for terbinafine use.

Deck 74: Antifungal Agents