Deck 10: Exposure Therapy: Briefgraduated

Question 1

Anxiety hierarchies contain several anxiety-evoking

A)scenes.
B)anomalies.
C)objects.
D)persons.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Progressive relaxation is progressive in the way it

A)exposes the client to stimuli.
B)advances previous techniques.
C)moves through muscle groups.
D)adheres to modern learning theory.

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Gradual exposure and the learning of a competing response are _____ components of systematic desensitization.

A)practical
B)exigent
C)essential
D)facilitative

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Which of the following is necessary for the effective use of systematic desensitization-

A)A competing response
B)Gradual, systematic exposure
C)Repeated safe exposure
D)Skeletal muscle relaxation

Question 5

The essence of exposure therapy is best conveyed by the idiom

A)"the bigger they are, the harder they fall."
B)"actions speak louder than words."
C)"fighting fire with fire."
D)"getting back on the horse that threw you."

Question 6

In systematic desensitization, when the client experiences anxiety while visualizing a hierarchy scene, the client

A)switches to the next scene in the hierarchy.
B)is reassured and prompted to continue.
C)temporarily stops visualizing the scene.
D)consciously modifies the visualization.

Question 7

For behavior therapists, distinctions between anxiety and fear

A)focus on the type of stimulus.
B)determine the exposure paradigm.
C)fall within subjective sensation.
D)are not considered useful.

Question 8

Which of the following is the correct order of the mode-of-exposure continuum-

A)imaginal, virtual reality, verbal and visual depictions, in vivo
B)virtual reality, in vivo, imaginal, verbal and visual depictions
C)in vivo, virtual reality, verbal and visual depictions, imaginal
D)verbal and visual depictions, imaginal, virtual reality, in vivo

Question 9

In systematic desensitization, clients visualize anxiety-evoking stimuli

A)until their anxiety peaks.
B)without the therapist present.
C)only while relaxed.
D)for as long as they can handle.

Question 10

Which is the correct progression of systematic desensitization-

A)learn competing response, order anxiety-evoking events, visualize anxiety-evoking events
B)visualize anxiety-evoking events, learn competing response, order anxiety-evoking events
C)order anxiety-evoking events, visualize anxiety-evoking events, learn competing response
D)visualize anxiety-evoking events, order anxiety-evoking events, learn competing response

Question 11

Exposure therapy is used to treat

A)pre-emptive skill deficits.
B)interpersonal difficulties.
C)stress-related conditions.
D)negative emotional reactions.

Question 12

The major differences between the four modes of exposure concern the

A)disorders treated.
B)stimuli used.
C)therapist's role.
D)treatment location.

Question 13

Paradigm of exposure refers to the

A)role of the therapist.
B)rate of presentation.
C)expectations upon the client.
D)specifics of the stimulus.

Question 14

Systematic desensitization was originally developed by

A)Lazarus.
B)Jacobson.
C)Stampfl.
D)Wolpe.

Question 15

Anxiety is seen as problematic when it

A)is disproportionate to the situation.
B)produces negative emotions.
C)is undesired by the individual.
D)fails to conform to social standards.

Question 16

Response prevention is most necessary for clients who

A)rely on maladaptive escape behaviors.
B)disrupt therapy with emotional responses.
C)fear the therapist's negative feedback.
D)resist in vivo exposure procedures.

Question 17

The facilitative components of systematic desensitization are most beneficial

A)when the client's anxiety is severe.
B)with young children.
C)for biologically-relevant phobias.
D)early in treatment.

Question 18

Which of these hierarchy items would most likely be treated first in systematic desensitization-

A)In-flight turbulence
B)Ordering tickets
C)Boarding the plane
D)Taking off

Question 19

A major reason for the use of alternate competing responses is that some clients

A)have difficulty learning progressive relaxation.
B)continue to feel anxious while relaxing.
C)find progressive relaxation unacceptable.
D)are uncomfortable with their eyes closed.

Question 20

_____ involves thinking about pleasant thoughts while being exposed to fear-evoking events.

A)Imaginal desensitization
B)Emotive imagery
C)Meditation
D)In vivo exposure

Question 21

Relaxing of all muscles not needed to perform on-going behavior is called

A)essential relaxation.
B)differential relaxation.
C)progressive relaxation.
D)selective relaxation.

Question 22

In coping desensitization, clients are taught to use _____ as cues to actively cope with anxiety.

A)prompts from the therapist
B)bodily sensations of anxiety
C)pleasant feelings of relaxation
D)social/environmental stimuli

Question 23

_____ is a specific treatment procedure for panic disorder that directly induces physical sensations of anxiety.

A)In vivo exposure
B)Anxiety induction therapy
C)In vivo flooding
D)Interoceptive exposure

Question 24

In coping desensitization, when the client experiences anxiety while visualizing a hierarchy scene, the client

A)continues to visualize the scene.
B)switches to the next scene in the hierarchy.
C)temporarily stops visualizing the scene.
D)consciously modifies the visualization.

Question 25

Virtual reality overcomes which crucial weakness of in vivo desensitization-

A)Generalizability of treatment gains
B)Application with rare or dangerous stimuli
C)Necessity of therapist presence
D)Intensity of anxiety-invoking stimuli

Question 26

Interoceptive exposure is primarily used to treat

A)conversion disorder.
B)panic disorder.
C)obsessive-compulsive disorder.
D)dissociative disorder.

Question 27

For which problem would self-managed in vivo exposure most likely be used-

A)Public speaking anxiety
B)Posttraumatic stress disorder
C)Fear of open spaces
D)Sexual dysfunction

Question 28

Betty was a 22-month-old child with a lung disease treated by a frightening Bennett machine.Betty was gradually introduced to the parts of the machine while she was warm, had just been fed, and was being held.The parts of the machine were brought closer to the child and were put together ready for use while the child was comforted.The therapy used was

A)differential reinforcement.
B)systematic desensitization.
C)in vivo exposure.
D)flooding therapy.

Question 29

In _____, a number of clients simultaneously undergo systematic desensitization.

A)coping desensitization
B)social desensitization
C)group desensitization
D)self-managed desensitization

Question 30

One change required to administer systematic desensitization with a group is to

A)formulate generic visualizations.
B)lengthen therapy sessions.
C)establish a group hierarchy.
D)elaborate follow-up sessions.

Question 31

One major difference between systematic desensitization and in vivo desensitization concerns the

A)paradigm of exposure.
B)administration of exposure.
C)use of additional procedures.
D)mode of exposure.

Question 32

The counterconditioning explanation of systematic desensitization is based on interpretations of

A)learning theory.
B)shaping procedures.
C)neurophysiology.
D)cognitive factors.

Question 33

With counterconditioning, a new contingency

A)is added to the same stimulus.
B)replaces one previously learned.
C)must be completely extinguished.
D)is blocked by past learning.

Question 34

One major difference between coping desensitization and interoceptive exposure concerns the type of

A)clients seen.
B)goals desired.
C)institutional auspices.
D)problems treated.

Question 35

One source of anxiety that is untreatable with systematic desensitization is

A)biologically-relevant fear.
B)stimulus naivety.
C)a skill deficit.
D)social anxiety.

Question 36

The major procedural difference between coping desensitization and interoceptive exposure has to do with the

A)adaptive responses taught.
B)average length of session.
C)way sensations are elicited.
D)presence of exposure techniques.

Question 37

Coping desensitization employs bodily sensations to

A)suppress avoidance.
B)prompt emotional-regulation.
C)reinforce persistence.
D)punish fearful rumination.

Question 38

Interoceptive exposure evokes bodily sensations to

A)engender adaptive interpretations.
B)train social vigilance.
C)counter-condition contingencies.
D)reify anxiety-hierarchy scenes.

Question 39

One important advantage of in vivo desensitization over systematic desensitization is the

A)visibility of escape behaviors.
B)minimized use of therapist time.
C)increased acceptability.
D)broadened feasibility.

Question 40

Which of the following is most characteristic of coping desensitization-

A)Terminating exposure after anxiety peaks
B)Desensitization to situational cues
C)A commonly-themed hierarchy
D)The self-control approach

Question 41

Which of the following is a neurophysiological explanation of systematic desensitization-

A)Nonspecific factors
B)Cognitive restructuring
C)Reciprocal inhibition
D)Counterconditioning

Question 42

The extinction explanation of systematic desensitization states that the anxiety response decelerates because the client is exposed to repeated trials in which

A)the anxiety response is replaced by approach behaviors.
B)the client ceases to anticipate aversive consequences.
C)a client's interpretation of the situation is changed.
D)anxiety is not paired with the anxiety-evoking situation.

Question 43

Cognitive-factors explanations appeal to changes in

A)autonomic responses.
B)environmental conditions.
C)overt behaviors.
D)beliefs and expectations.

Question 44

Therapist attention would be considered a _____ explanation of systematic desensitization.

A)counterconditioning
B)nonspecific-factors
C)systematic-applications
D)cognitive-factors