Deck 4: Functional Anatomy of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Question 1

Figure 4.3

In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall contains teichoic acids?

A) a
B) b
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b
E) Can't tell

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Which of the following is not a structure found in prokaryotic cells?

A) Cilia
B) Axial filament
C) Pili
D) Flagella
E) Peritrichous flagella

Answer 2

A

Question 3

By which of the following mechanisms can a cell transport a substance from a lower to a higher concentration?

A) Extracellular enzymes
B) Simple diffusion
C) Facilitated diffusion
D) Active transport
E) Any of the above

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Possible functions of magnetosomes include all of the following except

A) Composed of iron oxide.
B) Protect cells from hydrogen peroxide accumulation.
C) Get cells to the North Pole.
D) Locate suitable environments.
E) None of the above.

Question 5

All of the following are energy reserves except

A) Polysaccharide granules.
B) Metachromatic granules.
C) Lipid inclusions.
D) Sulfur granules.
E) Carboxysomes.

Question 6

What will happen if a bacterial cell is placed in 10% NaCl with penicillin?

A) Water will enter the cell.
B) Penicillin will diffuse into the cell.
C) The cell will plasmolyze.
D) The cell will undergo osmotic lysis.
E) No change will result; the solution is isotonic.

Question 7

Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?

A) Gas vacuoles - flotation
B) Lipid inclusions - energy reserve
C) Sulfur granules - energy reserve
D) Metachromatic granules - phosphate storage
E) Ribosomes - protein storage

Question 8

Figure 4.3

In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall is a toxic cell wall?

A) a
B) b
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b
E) Can't tell

Question 9

All of the following can be found in mitochondria and prokaryotes except

A) 70S ribosomes.
B) Circular chromosome.
C) Binary fission.
D) Cell wall.
E) ATP- generating mechanism.

Question 10

Figure 4.2

Which of the following terms best describes the cell in Figure 4.2?

A) Lophotrichous flagella
B) Amphitrichous flagella
C) Peritrichous flagella
D) Axial filament
E) Monotrichous flagella

Question 11

Which of the following cell structures has a role in the initiation of disease?

A) Cell membrane
B) Lipid A
C) Gram- positive cell wall
D) Fimbriae
E) All of the above

Question 12

Found in archaea.

A) Pseudomurein
B) Sterol- rich cell membranes
C) Nucleus
D) Peptidoglycan
E) A and C

Question 13

You have isolated a motile, gram- positive cell with no visible nucleus. You can safely assume that the cell

A) Has a nucleus.
B) Lives in an extreme environment.
C) Has a cell wall.
D) Has a mitochondrion.
E) Has 9 pairs + 2 flagella.

Question 14

Found in mycoplasmas.

A) Peptidoglycan
B) Sterol- rich cell membranes
C) Nucleus
D) Pseudomurein
E) A and C

Question 15

In bacteria, photosynthetic pigments are found in

A) Cytoplasm.
B) Mesosomes.
C) Chromatophores.
D) Chloroplasts.
E) None of the above.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the plasma membrane?

A) Maintains cell shape
B) The site of cell wall formation
C) Composed of a phospholipid bilayer
D) Contains proteins
E) Selectively permeable

Question 17

Which of the following is not true about a gram- positive cell wall?

A) It is sensitive to lysozyme.
B) It protects the cell in a hypertonic environment.
C) It maintains the shape of the cell.
D) It contains teichoic acids.
E) None of the above.

Question 18

Figure 4.3

In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall is decolorized by acetone- alcohol?

A) a
B) b
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b
E) Can't tell

Question 19

Which of the following is generally not true of prokaryotic cells?

A) They possess 80S ribosomes.
B) They reproduce by binary fission.
C) They are motile by means of flagella.
D) They have a semirigid cell wall.
E) None of the above.

Question 20

Figure 4.3

In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall is resistant to many antibiotics (e.g., penicillin)?

A) a
B) b
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b
E) Can't tell

Question 21

Where are phospholipids most likely found in a eukaryotic cell?

A) Flagella
B) Around organelles
C) Plasma membrane
D) Ribosomes
E) B and C

Question 22

Which of the following is not true about the glycocalyx?

A) It may be composed of polysaccharide.
B) It is used to adhere to surfaces.
C) It may be composed of polypeptide.
D) It may be responsible for virulence.
E) None of the above.

Question 23

The bacteria on the outside of termite protozoa

A) Propel the protozoan.
B) Digest cellulose.
C) Are transient microbiota.
D) Steer the protozoan to food.
E) None of the above

Question 24

Which of the following is not part of the active transport process?

A) ATP
B) Plasma membrane
C) Transporter proteins
D) Cell wall
E) None of the above

Question 25

Fimbriae and pili differ in that pili

A) Are used to transfer DNA.
B) Are composed of flagellin.
C) Are used for asexual reproduction.
D) Are used for attachment.
E) Are composed of pilin.

Question 26

Which of the following best describes what happens when a bacterial cell is placed in a solution containing 5% NaCl?

A) The cell will undergo osmotic lysis.
B) Sucrose will move into the cell from a higher to a lower concentration.
C) Water will move into the cell.
D) Water will move out of the cell.
E) No change will result; the solution is isotonic.

Question 27

Which of the following is not true about gram- negative cell walls?

A) They are sensitive to penicillin.
B) Their Gram reaction is due to the outer membrane.
C) They protect the cell in a hypotonic environment.
D) They are toxic to humans.
E) They have an extra outer layer composed of lipoproteins, lipopolysaccharides, and phospholipids.

Question 28

Which of the following is not a distinguishing characteristic of prokaryotic cells?

A) They have cell walls containing peptidoglycan.
B) Their DNA is not enclosed within a membrane.
C) They lack membrane- enclosed organelles.
D) Their DNA is not associated with histones.
E) None of the above.

Question 29

Which of the following is not a chemical component of a bacterial cell wall?

A) Peptide chains
B) Teichoic acids
C) Cellulose
D) Peptidoglycan
E) N- acetylmuramic acid

Question 30

Which of the following organelles most closely resembles a prokaryotic cell?

A) Mitochondrion
B) Vacuole
C) Golgi complex
D) Nucleus
E) Cell wall

Question 31

Where are phospholipids most likely found in a prokaryotic cell?

A) Flagella
B) Plasma membrane
C) Around organelles
D) Ribosomes
E) B and C

Question 32

The best definition of osmotic pressure is

A) The movement of a substance across a semi- permeable membrane from a higher to a lower concentration.
B) The movement of solute molecules from a higher to a lower concentration.
C) The active transport of a substance out of a cell to maintain equilibrium.
D) The movement of solute molecules from a lower to a higher concentration across a semi- permeable membrane.
E) The force with which a solvent moves across a semi- permeable membrane from a higher to a lower concentration.

Question 33

The difference between simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion is that facilitated diffusion

A) Can move materials from a lower to a higher concentration.
B) Requires transporter proteins.
C) Requires ATP.
D) Doesn't require ATP.
E) Can move materials from a higher to a lower concentration.

Question 34

What will happen if a bacterial cell is placed in distilled water with lysozyme?

A) No change will result; the solution is isotonic.
B) The cell will undergo osmotic lysis.
C) Water will leave the cell.
D) The cell will plasmolyze.
E) Lysozyme will diffuse into the cell.

Question 35

Figure 4.1

In Figure 4.1, which drawing is streptococci?

A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) e

Question 36

Figure 4.1

In Figure 4.1, which drawing is bacilli?

A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) e

Question 37

Figure 4.3

In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall has a wall that protects against osmotic lysis?

A) a
B) b
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b
E) Can't tell

Question 38

Figure 4.1

In Figure 4.1, which drawing is a tetrad?

A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) e

Question 39

Which of the following statements is true?

A) Endospores allow a cell to survive environmental changes.
B) A cell produces one endospore and keeps growing.
C) Endospores are for reproduction.
D) A cell can produce many endospores.
E) Endospores are easily stained in a Gram stain.

Question 40

Figure 4.1

In Figure 4.1, which drawing possesses an axial filament?

A) a
B) b
C) c
D) d
E) e

Question 41

Which one of the following is not a functionally analogous pair?

A) Nucleus - nuclear region
B) 9+2 flagella - bacterial flagella
C) Mitochondria - procaryotic plasma membrane
D) Cilia - pili
E) Chloroplasts - thylakoids

Question 42

All of the following are lacking a cell wall except

A) Fungi.
B) L forms.
C) Animal cells.
D) Protoplasts.
E) Mycoplasmas.

Question 43

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A) Lysosome - digestive enzymes
B) Mitochondria - ATP production
C) Endoplasmic reticulum - internal transport
D) Centrosome - food storage
E) Golgi complex - secretion

Question 44

Figure 4.3

In Figure 4.3, which diagram of a cell wall is a gram- negative cell wall?

A) a
B) b
C) Both a and b
D) Neither a nor b
E) Can't tell