Deck 12: Law Enforcement and the Police

Question 1

Reactive policing, in general, is associated with a legal system that is more:

A) advanced
B) centralized
C) democratic
D) all of the above

Answer 1

C

Question 2

The results of the Kansas City Preventive Patrol project indicated that routine police patrol:

A) was less expensive than directed patrols
B) increased citizen feelings of safety
C) decreased the level of public crimes
D) none of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

A major cause of racial riots in the 1960s and today appears to be dissatisfaction of minority groups with the police.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The crime- control strategy that is reactive and seeks the goal of enforcement is known as:

A) traditional policing
B) team policing
C) problem- oriented policing
D) community- oriented policing

Question 5

In a reactive police system discretionary power:

A) rests with the citizens
B) rests with the police
C) is reserved to the courts
D) is tightly controlled

Question 6

One recent change in criminal investigation has been the increased use of proactive techniques such as decoy units.

Question 7

Rapid response to calls for service is often not important to solving crimes because citizens wait to call the police in the first place.

Question 8

The effect of police patrol in one area moving the incidence of crime to an adjoining area is known as crime:

A) control
B) displacement
C) removal
D) prevention

Question 9

When the police or government acts on its own initiative to enforce the law, it is said to be:

A) preemptive
B) proactive
C) reactive
D) none of the above

Question 10

Problem- oriented policing involves police with the community to solve problems:

A) important to community members
B) identified by police as leading to crime
C) defined by community leaders
D) none of the above

Question 11

A reactive police agency's records will show a relatively high proportion of:

A) street crimes
B) traffic offenses
C) regulatory offenses
D) vice crimes

Question 12

A mayonnaise theory of police patrol suggests that:

A) routine patrol has no effects
B) small changes in patrol have no effect
C) levels of patrol are matters of personal taste
D) large increases in patrol are wasteful

Question 13

Police crime- control activities and actions are influenced by:

A) organizational characteristics
B) officer characteristics
C) community characteristics
D) all of the above

Question 14

The impossible mandate of the police in America is:

A) service provision
B) crime control
C) order maintenance
D) law enforcement

Question 15

Efforts to improve relations between the police and the community, as well as improve police effectiveness in crime control led, in the 1960s and 1970s, to:

A) police consolidation
B) police professionalization
C) team policing
D) all of the above

Question 16

The application of the law, usually through arrest, on those who violate criminal statutes is:

A) legalism
B) control
C) prevention
D) none of the above

Question 17

The primary crime- control tactic of the American police is:

A) tactical patrol
B) target hardening
C) undercover investigation
D) routine patrol

Question 18

Focusing on disorder problems to prevent crime by strengthening community social control is characteristic of:

A) proactive policing
B) quality- of- life policing
C) reactive policing
D) all of the above

Question 19

Evaluations of foot patrol experiments in a number of cities reveal that foot patrol results in reduced levels of crime.

Question 20

Uniformed patrol is expected to provide:

A) the ability for officers to detect crimes
B) a police presence and deterrent to crime
C) rapid response to calls for aid
D) all of the above

Question 21

Partly as a result of a federal initiative, many police agencies began to change the way they assigned patrol resources in the 1970s based on research known as victim surveys.

Question 22

Policing in America tends to be proactive.

Question 23

Patrol staffing experiments indicate that two officers per patrol car increase officer and citizen safety.

Question 24

The Rand Corporation study of the criminal investigation process revealed that detectives concentrate their efforts on administrative tasks.

Question 25

Langworthy's research indicated that opening and operating a sting operation has no effect on levels of crime in the immediate area.

Question 26

To date, research on the effectiveness of "zero- tolerance" or "quality- of- life" policing has produced mixed results.

Question 27

Law enforcement is the most complicated and difficult to communicate of all police functions.

Question 28

The detective is often considered the premiere crime fighter among police.

Question 29

In community- oriented policing, community leaders are the persons who define the problems and priorities for the police.

Question 30

The prevailing public image of the police is that of crime fighters.

Question 31

As a result of research into the investigation process, many police agencies have changed their practices so that all crimes receive an immediate follow- up investigation.