Deck 10: Preventing Substance Abuse

Question 1

In the context of economic control over substance abuse, how do price increases (e.g., through taxation) of the substances affect their abuse rates?

A) With respect to alcohol, there is evidence that when the price increases, there is little or no effect on consumption.
B) There is evidence that when the price increases, the effect is less pronounced on the consumption of beer than that of spirits and wine.
C) Heavy users of illicit drugs can be expected to decrease their criminal activity as it is no longer worth the trouble.
D) Heavy alcohol users may be more responsive to price increases than light and moderate drinkers.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

As a consequence of a prevention program, understanding of the risks associated with driving under the influence increased, which resulted in increased utilization of designated drivers and a reduction in the adolescent mortality rate related to drunken driving. What effects has the program achieved?

A) Desired effects
B) Only intended effects
C) Achieved effects
D) Both desired and intended effects

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Compare prevention programs with those that are treatment-oriented.

A) Prevention professionals accept and endorse the concept of rigorous evaluation much more readily than their treatment-oriented counterparts.
B) The literature on the evaluation of prevention programs is as focused on issues of research design as is the literature on treatment.
C) Prevention professionals accept and endorse the concept of rigorous evaluation as readily as their treatment- oriented counterparts.
D) The literature on the evaluation of prevention programs addresses issues of research design less frequently than does the literature on treatment.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

What happens if actions taken during the fragmentation stage are only partially successful?

A) The community may regress to the denial stage or stagnate in the fragmentation stage.
B) The community may regress to the panic stage or stagnate in the fragmentation stage.
C) The community experiences less panic and moves to the cohesion stage where it remains.
D) The community experiences more panic and moves to the denial stage where it stagnates.

Question 5

Substance abuse prevention often overlaps with an array of other social and personal problems (such as mental health, education, law enforcement, and health care). Currently, we see that these overlaps result in .

A) a convergence of social policy commitment and extensive staff training
B) federal funding aimed at prevention through means other than law enforcement
C) greater federal and state commitment to substance abuse prevention
D) competition among community agencies for funds, clients, and other resources

Question 6

Follow-up research indicated that participants in drug courts have .

A) significantly higher rearrests
B) greater use of illegal drugs
C) less heavy use of alcohol
D) family relationships worse than before

Question 7

The Center for Substance Abuse Prevention (CSAP) generally subscribes to a public health model for prevention, whose three interacting components are agent, host, and environment.

Question 8

Rather than encouraging a particular model for prevention, the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (2011) supports a Strategic Prevention Framework consisting of some specific components, namely, ______.

A) assessment, capacity, planning, implementation, and evaluation
B) preparation, assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation
C) familiarization, assessment, capacity, implementation, and evaluation
D) assessment, capacity, measurement, implementation, and feedback

Question 9

Peer-oriented programs have delayed effects, while prevention programs targeting parents have more immediate effects on the use and abuse of substances.

Question 10

Research based on alcohol advertising has found little relationship between substance use and either bans on such advertising or expenditures to promote sales.

Question 11

Discuss the emergence of counterprevention in the midst of the diversity of prevention models to combat substance abuse.

Question 12

Which of the following is true of the Drug Abuse Resistance Education (DARE) project initiated in public schools?

A) Initiated in 1983 as a cooperative project independent of law enforcement, it uses a social environmental learning model.
B) It gained acceptance slowly and took nearly 10 years to cover 24 states; more than half the nation's schools were not using it.
C) The federal government rejected proposals to grant it financial support through the Drug-Free Schools and Communities Act.
D) Evaluations have found it to have little effect on substance-using behavior and have classified it as a noninteractive model.

Question 13

In the context of substance abuse prevention, the bulk of pharmacological, etiological, and epidemiological research provides a firm basis for the logic of abstinence.

Question 14

Which of the following is true in the context of the evaluation of prevention programs?

A) Statistical significance is more likely to occur when the effects of a prevention program are small and the number of units of analysis is small.
B) Statistical significance is less likely to occur when either the effects of a prevention program are small or the number of units of analysis is small.
C) According to the concept of marginal utility, the less the discrepancy between an actual (empirically verified) event and the minimum occurrence of the event, the less difficult it will be to change the event.
D) According to the concept of marginal utility, the more the discrepancy between an actual (empirically verified) event and the maximum occurrence of the event, the more difficult it will be to change the event.

Question 15

Why are many prevention programs based on abstinence rather than use reduction or harm reduction?

Question 16

According to Bourne, community responses to substance abuse could be viewed as evolving through four stages; they are _.

A) denial, fragmentation, panic, and cohesion
B) denial, panic, fragmentation, and cohesion
C) denial, panic, cohesion, and fragmentation
D) panic, cohesion, fragmentation, and denial

Question 17

In the context of substance abuse prevention, prevention is often opposed, overtly or covertly, because it is perceived as diverting funds from needed treatment resources.