Deck 13: Crime and the Legal System

Question 1

Megan believes that there are more property crimes in the U.S. than violent crimes. Teresa believes that there are more violent crimes than property crimes in the U.S. Who is correct?

A) Megan
B) Teresa
C) Both are correct as there is an equal number of violent and property crimes
D) None of the above

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The law states that a person must be aged 21 or above to drink alcoholic beverages. Michael is 19-years-old and he is drinking alcohol. This violation of norms written into the law is an example of:

A) Criminology
B) Recidivism
C) Crime
D) Shaming

Answer 2

C

Question 3

When convicted of a crime, offenders lose the right to vote in elections. However, after serving time, paying restitution, and completing community service, ex-convicts can apply to have their right to vote restored. This effort to bring offenders back into the community after punishment is an example of:

A) General Deterrence
B) Stigmatized Shame
C) Reintegrative Shaming
D) Specific Deterrence

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Dr. Dinardo is explaining how eight offenses are used to measure crime. The measure that Dr. Dinardo is explaining is called:

A) The National Crime Victimization Survey
B) Uniform Crime Reports
C) Incarceration Rates
D) The Crime Index

Question 5

Marquita has been hired by the Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI) to analyze official police statistics of reported crime. Marquita is working with:

A) The National Crime Victimization Survey
B) Uniform Crime Reports
C) Incarceration Rates
D) The Crime Index

Question 6

Lawson's brother is in prison for carrying a concealed weapon, so Lawson knows that the penalty for carrying a concealed weapon is prison. When his friend asks him to hold his gun, Lawson says, "No, I am not going to prison for you." Since Lawson was aware of and fearful of the negative consequences of committing a crime, this is an example of:

A) General Deterrence
B) Stigmatized Shame
C) Reintegrative Shaming
D) Specific Deterrence

Question 7

Joshua is interested in the controversial police practice of targeting individuals based on their race. Joshua is interested in racial:

A) Deterrence
B) Profiling
C) Shaming
D) Discretion

Question 8

Lois lives in Florida. Whenever she receives a gift, she says, "Hmm, interesting." Lois never says thank you. Lois' behavior violates the norms that society has agreed upon. As such, this is an example of:

A) Crime
B) Deviance
C) Shaming
D) Recidivism

Question 9

Because Bernard was convicted of sexually abusing four adolescent girls, he is now labeled as a child sexual predator and must be registered with the local sheriff's office for the rest of his life. Even more, Bernard must reveal this status to all potential employers. Because Bernard has been given a permanent label that could actually increase his chances of reoffending, this is an example of:

A) Reintegrative Shaming
B) General Deterrence
C) Specific Deterrence
D) Stigmatized Shame

Question 10

Incarceration rates are highest in the U.S. in the:

A) South
B) East
C) West
D) North

Question 11

In the novel "The Scarlet Letter," Hester was required to wear the letter "A" sewn to her dress wherever she went, alerting everyone to her sin of adultery. This deliberate effort to attach a negative meaning to a behavior is an example of:

A) Deterrence
B) Recidivism
C) Shaming
D) Anomie

Question 12

The 11:00 news is full of stories about gang shootings and drug busts. This paints an unrealistic picture of the reality of crime and has been called:

A) The Consensus Model of Law
B) The Crime Index
C) The Conflict Model of Law
D) The Dramatic Fallacy of Crime

Question 13

Dr. Vera is a sociologist. He studies crime, deviance, and social policies that the criminal justice system applies. Dr. Vera specializes in:

A) Criminology
B) Shaming
C) Deterrence
D) Recidivism

Question 14

The reality show "Lock-Up" provides a bird's eye view of life within American prisons. Viewers see that the majority of inmates released from prison eventually return to prison. This tendency is called:

A) Deterrence
B) Deviance
C) Recidivism
D) Shaming

Question 15

When asked how she spent her summer vacation, Millicent reported that she worked on a project which involved contacting a sample of over 70,000 U.S. households to measure the extent that people have suffered as a result of crime. Millicent worked on the:

A) Uniform Crime Reports
B) Incarceration Rates
C) Mandatory Minimums
D) National Crime Victimization Survey

Question 16

Shawn has truly learned his lesson. When he was 19-years-old, he was convicted of armed robbery and served 10 years in prison. Now that he has been released, Shawn has a new attitude. He never wants to go to prison again, so he will never commit another crime. This is an example of:

A) Reintegrative Shaming
B) General Deterrence
C) Specific Deterrence
D) Stigmatized Shame

Question 17

Dr. Watson is conducting research on different criminal acts, which include burglary, rape and assault. Dr. Watson is studying:

A) Primary Deviance
B) Secondary Deviance
C) Street Crime
D) Deterrence

Question 18

The state of Louisiana passed legislation which bans the public display of undergarments. This law impacts youth who wear sagging, baggy pants. Gerald believes that powerful people wrote this law to protect their own interests and punish the actions of those they wish to control. Gerald's belief supports the:

A) Conflict Model of Law
B) The Consensus Model of Law
C) The Crime Index
D) The Dramatic Fallacy of Crime

Question 19

Bruce believes that the reason murder is a crime is because most people believe that it is wrong. This idea that laws concerning murder are in place because people see a behavior they do not like and agree to make it illegal supports the:

A) Conflict Model of Law
B) Consensus Model of Law
C) Crime Index
D) Dramatic Fallacy of Crime

Question 20

Three-strike laws:

A) Increase incarceration rates
B) Decrease incarceration rates
C) Do not impact incarceration rates
D) None of the above

Question 21

Kamili has been taking classes at the community college for the last 8 years. However, Kamili is not pursuing a degree. Because Kamili accepts the traditional means of a achieving goal, but is not interested in the goal, he is a:

A) Retreatist
B) Ritualist
C) Conformist
D) Rebel

Question 22

Mark has a wife and three children. This relationship that Mark has with others is called:

A) Attachment
B) Commitment
C) Involvement
D) Belief

Question 23

Pauline believes that people tend to seek pleasure over pain. Pauline believes that humans are:

A) Recidivists
B) Hedonistic
C) Conformists
D) Retreatists

Question 24

Samantha and Tabitha believe that power and wealth inequality lead to crime. Samantha and Tabitha support the:

A) Social Conflict Theory
B) Symbolic Interactionism
C) Functionalism
D) Differential Association Theory

Question 25

Belinda wants to make money so that she can buy a house. Instead of getting a legitimate job, Belinda sells illegal drugs. Because she used illegal means to achieve a socially acceptable goal, Belinda is an):

A) Innovator
B) Retreatist
C) Ritualist
D) Conformist

Question 26

Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. used non-violent methods to create major societal changes in the treatment of minorities. Because Dr. King used his own means to create new goals, he was an):

A) Rebel
B) Retreatist
C) Ritualist
D) Innovator

Question 27

Anthony murdered a woman, a crime that could involve life in prison. However, through an out-of- court agreement between the prosecutor and the defense attorney, Anthony was charged with manslaughter and only served 6 years in prison. This an example of:

A) A Mandatory Minimum
B) Recidivism
C) Discretion
D) A Plea Bargain

Question 28

Randy's friends smoke marijuana and they think that it is cool. Randy learns that marijuana smoking is acceptable from these friends. This interaction is explained by:

A) Containment Theory
B) Anomie Theory
C) Differential Association Theory
D) Labeling Theory

Question 29

Lattia wants to buy a car. She works two jobs and saves her money to purchase a car. Because she used socially acceptable means to achieve a socially acceptable goal, Lattia is an):

A) Innovator
B) Retreatist
C) Ritualist
D) Conformist

Question 30

Amy stole a candy bar from the campus bookstore. This is the first time that Amy has broken a law. This initial deviant act is called:

A) Primary Deviance
B) Secondary Deviance
C) Generalized Deterrence
D) Specific Deterrence

Question 31

Richie wants to know why people commit crimes. Donna wants to know what keeps people from committing crimes. Richie is a while Donna is a .

A) classicist; positivist
B) positivist; classicist
C) retreatist; ritualist
D) ritualist; retreatist

Question 32

Kareem is 17-years-old. He attends school each day until 2:00 PM. Then, Kareem goes to band practice until 4:30 pm. Afterwards, Kareem does his homework, eats dinner with his family, and then goes to work at the local pizza parlor until 10:00 pm. Kareem's level of activity in conventional activities is an example of:

A) Attachment
B) Involvement
C) Commitment
D) Belief

Question 33

Travis wants to be a professional football player someday. He is dedicated to live a socially acceptable life so that he can reach this goal. Travis' dedication is called:

A) Attachment
B) Commitment
C) Involvement
D) Belief

Question 34

Tanzy was caught stealing at the mall. She was arrested, booked, and sent to the juvenile detention center. Now, Tanzy's parents have a different perception of her. As such, this is an example of:

A) Primary Deviance
B) General Deterrence
C) Specific Deterrence
D) Secondary Deviance

Question 35

Takaya believes that people commit crimes because of the way that others react to them. Takaya's belief supports:

A) Differential Association Theory
B) Symbolic Interactionism
C) Functionalsim
D) Conflict Theory

Question 36

Jacquez rejects the goals and means of society. All that he cares about is getting his next hit of methamphetamine. Jacquez is an):

A) Retreatist
B) Rebel
C) Ritualist
D) Innovator

Question 37

Tom believes that criminals suffer from antisocial personality disorders that cause them to break the rules. Tom's belief supports perspectives on crime and deviance.

A) biological
B) sociological
C) psychological
D) none of the above

Question 38

The local sheriff believes that people cannot resist the urge to speed on the 10 miles of open road between the grocery store and the post office. The sheriff sends a local deputy to patrol the area every day for speeders. Because the sheriff believes that people cannot resist the temptation, he supports the:

A) Differential Association Theory
B) Containment Theory
C) Anomie Theory
D) Labeling Theory

Question 39

Gilford believes that crime helps society. Gilford's belief supports:

A) Differential Association Theory
B) Functionalism
C) Symbolic Interactionism
D) Conflict Theory

Question 40

Officer McDreamy stopped Patricia for speeding. Instead of issuing a ticket, the officer gave Patricia a verbal warning. Officer McDreamy's ability to make such a decision is called:

A) Recidivism
B) Deterrence
C) Discretion
D) Deviance

Question 41

There has been a steady decrease in the number of U.S. inmates.

Question 42

Most prison inmates in the U.S. are racial and ethnic minorities.

Question 43

The is made up of eight offenses used to measure crime.

Question 44

About 89% of cases in the U.S. end with a plea bargain.

Question 45

The violation of norms that a society agrees upon is called .

Question 46

Deviance exists in every culture.

Question 47

is the scientific study of crime, deviance, and social policies that the criminal justice system applies.

Question 48

The majority of arrests peak between the ages of 15 and 25.

Question 49

Lyle was stopped by the police. While searching his car, the police found 650 grams of heroin. The fixed sentence for this crime is life in prison, without parole. This fixed sentence is an example of an):

A) Mandatory Minimum
B) Plea Bargain
C) Discretion
D) Attachment

Question 50

NCVS data always accounts for less crime than UCR data.

Question 51

The U.S. is the only industrialized democracy that uses
the death penalty.

Question 52

The is the measurement of crime victimization based on contact with a representative sample of over 70,000 households in the U.S.

Question 53

Most real world crime involves gang shootings and drug busts.

Question 54

In the U.S., most inmates return to prison within 3 years of
release.

Question 55

The model of law suggests that laws arise because people see a behavior they do not like, and they agree to make it illegal.

Question 56

The violation of norms that are written into law is called .

Question 57

The model of law suggests that powerful people write laws to protect their own interests while punishing the acts of those they wish to control.

Question 58

Women are more likely than men to be arrested in the U.S. .

Question 59

refers to criminal acts that include burglary, rape, and assault.

Question 60

are official police statistics of reported crimes gathered from police reports and paperwork.

Question 61

The social bond that refers to our dedication to lead a socially acceptable life is called
.

Question 62

theory argues that criminals cannot resist the temptations that surround them.

Question 63

The social bond that refers to the level of activity in conventional things is called
.

Question 64

The initial deviant act is called deviance.

Question 65

A permanent label given to an offender which increases the likelihood of reoffending is called .

Question 66

The social bond that refers to our relationship with others is called
.

Question 67

An out-of-court agreement between a prosecutor and a defense attorney, to some concession, is called a .

Question 68

An effort to bring an offender back into the community after punishment is called
.

Question 69

is a measure that changes the attitude of individuals, who have
already violated the law and have been punished, by causing them never to commit crime again.

Question 70

The psychological reorientation that occurs when the system catches a person and labels him or her as a deviant is called deviance.

Question 71

is the tendency of inmates released from prison to return to prison.

Question 72

is the deliberate attempt to attach a negative meaning to a behavior.

Question 73

is a measure that ensures individuals will not commit a crime
because they see the negative consequences applied to others, and they fear experiencing these consequences.

Question 74

Fixed sentences for specific crimes are called .

Question 75

The social bond that refers to a person's conviction of truth is .

Question 76

theory emphasizes that deviant behavior is learned.

Question 77

A measure that prevents a person from doing something because of fear of the consequences is called .

Question 78

The act of seeking pleasure over pain is .

Question 79

The ability to make decisions is called .