Deck 7: Ethics and Employees

Question 1

Rawls would argue that it is unjust to give some people more opportunity than others.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

An indication of discrimination exists when a disproportionate number of a certain group's members hold less desirable positions despite their preferences and abilities.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Discrimination in employment involves three basic elements: it must be a decision not based on individual merit, the decision must derive from racial or sexual prejudice, and the decision must have a harmful impact on the interest of employees.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Affirmative action programs call for positive steps designed to eliminate the effects of past discrimination. Such programs are now legally required of all firms holding government contracts.

Question 5

Argument (s) against affirmative action plans is that criteria besides sex and race must be weighed when making job decision because. Which of the following are used?

A) Unqualified workers will be hired and productivity will go down.
B) Jobs that have a significant impact on the life or health or the entire success of the company.
C) It will turn us into a more racially and sexually conscious nation.
D) a and c
E) All of the above

Question 6

The needs of minorities are not different from those of women.

Question 7

Misiolek made only sex-based insults, not both sex and race-based insults.

Question 8

Since the jobs women have historically taken pay low wages and salaries, proponents of programs attempt not to place women into higher paying jobs, but to increase the salaries of those jobs where women currently are employed.

A) Competitive Value
B) Competitive Position
C) Comparable Worth
D) Comparable Equity

Question 9

"It might be true that society as a whole would benefit by having some group discriminated against" is a/an argument for discrimination.

A) Kantian
B) Utilitarian
C) Capitalist
D) Communist

Question 10

Widely recognized categories of discriminatory practices include:

A) Recruitment practices that rely on the word-of-mouth referrals of present employees will tend to recruit only from the groups already represented.
B) Screening practices that include qualifications not relevant to a job.
C) Promotion practices that place groups on separate tracks or that rely solely on seniority when past discrimination has kept women or minorities out of senior positions.
D) All the above
E) A & B

Question 11

Kant would argue that humans should be treated as ends in themselves and never as a means to an end. Therefore, discrimination is wrong because it violates people's rights to be treated as equals.

Question 12

In a class action law suit, Wal-Mart was charged by seven women that women were paid 5-15% less than men in holding similar positions.

Question 13

Types of comparisons to provide evidence of discrimination are:

A) Comparisons of average benefits given to various groups
B) Comparisons of the proportion of a group found in the lowest levels of the institution
C) Comparisons of the proportion of a group found in the most advantageous positions in the institution
D) All the above
E) B & C

Question 14

Discriminatory acts themselves can be categorized according to the extent to which they are intentional and institutionalized. An act may be part of the isolated behavior of a single individual who intentionally discriminates based on personal prejudice; be part of the routine, institutionalized behavior of a group; and which intentionally discriminates out of personal prejudice.

Question 15

Arguments against discrimination are:

A) Utilitarian, rights, and justice arguments
B) Rights, entitlements, and fairness arguments
C) Justice and Kantian arguments
D) Civil and criminal
E) All the above