Question 1

Because our environment is so complex and its parts are so interwoven, many theorists believe that our duty to protect the environment extends beyond the welfare of humans to other nonhuman parts of the system. This idea is called:

A) Ecological ethics or deep ecology
B) Conservation ethics
C) Survival ethics
D) None of the above

A

Accepted Answer

Ecological ethics or deep ecology is a philosophy that regards human life as just one of many equal components of a global ecosystem. It emphasizes the intrinsic value of the natural world beyond its utility to human beings, advocating for the protection of all forms of life.

Question 2

Acid rain is caused by:&#10;A) Global warming&#10;B) Fossil fuels&#10;C) Airborne toxins&#10;D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

Acid rain is primarily caused by emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), which are pollutants produced by the burning of fossil fuels. These emissions react with water vapor in the atmosphere to form sulfuric and nitric acids, which then fall to the ground as acid rain.

Question 3

The release of CFCs into the atmosphere may lead to several hundred thousand new cases of skin cancer each year and destroy many valuable food crops. Also, ocean plankton-on which the entire ocean's food chain depends-may be severely damaged. This is referred to as:

A) Resource depletion
B) Ozone depletion
C) Environment depletion
D) Contamination continuance

B

Accepted Answer

The release of CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons) into the atmosphere leads to the depletion of the ozone layer, which protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation. This process is known as ozone depletion.

Question 4

The oil wells are not expected to disrupt the sensitive economic system in the Valley's&#10;Basin

Accepted Answer

Oil wells can disrupt sensitive economic systems in areas like the Valley's Basin by affecting agriculture, tourism, and local ecosystems, potentially leading to economic instability and environmental damage.

Question 5

The saving or rationing of natural resources for later use is referred to as:&#10;A) Evolution&#10;B) Ecology&#10;C) Planned deletion&#10;D) Conservation

Accepted Answer

Conservation is the correct term for the saving or rationing of natural resources for later use, aiming to protect the natural environment and preserve resources.

Question 6

Few views of deep ecology are unusual and/or controversial.

Accepted Answer

Deep ecology promotes a more radical environmental philosophy that emphasizes the intrinsic value of nature, advocating for a profound societal change in how humans interact with the environment, which can lead to views that are considered unusual or controversial compared to mainstream environmentalism.

Question 7

We cannot rely on market mechanisms to ensure adequate conservation for future generations, however. The needs of future generations are so heavily discounted by markets that they hardly affect prices at all.

Accepted Answer

Market mechanisms often fail to adequately account for the needs of future generations because they tend to discount future benefits and costs, leading to underinvestment in conservation and preservation of resources for future use.

Question 8

The undesirable and unintended contamination of the environment by the manufacture or use of commodities is commonly referred to as:&#10;A) Resource depletion&#10;B) Pollution&#10;C) Degradation&#10;D) Contamination

Accepted Answer

Pollution is the correct term for the undesirable and unintended contamination of the environment resulting from the manufacture or use of commodities.

Question 9

Environmental damage inevitably threatens the welfare of human beings as well as plants and animals. Threats to the environment come from two sources: pollution and resource depletion.

Accepted Answer

Environmental damage, through pollution and resource depletion, directly impacts the health, safety, and survival of humans, plants, and animals by degrading habitats, reducing air and water quality, and compromising food sources.

Question 10

BHP had a tailings containment plan study prepared to deal with the OK Tedi Copper Mine river pollution. Of the following approaches, which one was the least total likely cost.&#10;A) Mine and dredge.&#10;B) Mine only.&#10;C) Mine and dredge and store&#10;D) Early Closure

Accepted Answer

The "Mine only" approach would likely incur the least total cost as it involves continuing operations without additional expenses related to dredging, storing, or early closure.

Question 11

The Green Valley is estimated to have enough natural gas to support the nation for an entire year.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Green Valley is estimated to have...

Question 12

Each human generates of garbage each day.&#10;A) 45 pounds&#10;B) 14.5 pounds.&#10;C) 4.5 pounds&#10;D) None of the above.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each human generates of garbage each day.&#10;A)...

Question 13

refers to the consumption of finite or scarce resources.&#10;A) Resource depletion&#10;B) Pollution&#10;C) Degradation&#10;D) Contamination

Accepted Answer

The answer of refers to the consumption of finite or...

Question 14

The gas field known as the Pinedale Anticline is expected to stop the energy boom.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The gas field known as the Pinedale...

Question 15

The hole in the stratospheric ozone layer over the Antarctic expected to not recover until sometime between the years 2060 to 2075.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The hole in the stratospheric ozone layer...

Deck 5: Business and Its External Exchanges: Ecology and Consumers