Deck 1: History of the US Healthcare System

Question 1

The establishment of the ________________ in 1847 for physicians was a driving force for the concept of private practice in medicine.

A)American Hospital Association
B)American Medical Association
C)American Nursing Association
D)American Healthcare Providers Association

Answer 1

American Medical Association

Question 2

Many health care systems are evaluated using the Iron Triangle-- a concept that focuses on the balance of three factors--quality, cost and accessibility to health care.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Tertiary prevention reduces the impact of an already established disease by reducing disease related complications. It focuses on rehabilitation and monitoring of diseased individuals.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

In 1973, the first Patient Bill of Rights was established

A)To protect healthcare consumers in residential care facilities.
B)To protect healthcare consumers in hospitals.
C)To protect healthcare consumers in outpatient centers.
D)To protect healthcare consumers in all healthcare facilities.

Question 5

The "graying" of the U.S. population as it relates to healthcare means that

A)We are becoming healthier as a nation because older people are now exercising more.
B)Although our population is older, healthcare costs are reduced because we are healthier as we age.
C)The U.S. will be confronted with more chronic health issues because as we age, more chronic health conditions develop. This will result in more stress on the U.S. healthcare system.
D)None of the above

Question 6

Public health functions are functions that provide services to the community. They target populations rather than individuals. They include child immunization programs, health screenings in schools, community health services, substance abuse programs, and sexually transmitted disease control.

Question 7

Involuntary health insurance (IVHI)is a type of private health insurance that is provided by non for profit and for profit health plans such as BlueCross Blue Shield.

Question 8

Voluntary health insurance (VHI)is a type of private health insurance that is provided by non for profit and for profit health plans such as BlueCross Blue Shield.

Question 9

In 2009, President Obama signed the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act to

A)Increase patient confidentiality in accordance with HIPPA amendments.
B)Eliminate preexisting conditions when transferring from one health insurance to another.
C)Protected health coverage for the unemployed by providing a 65% subsidy for COBRA coverage so premiums are more affordable.
D)All of the above are covered in the Act.

Question 10

___________ are the foundation of our healthcare system.

Question 11

In the early 19^th century, ___________ were established to serve the indigent. They provided shelter to them while treating illness.

Question 12

In 1974, a federal law was passed that required all states to have ___________

Question 13

The gross domestic product is the total finished products or services that are produced in a country within six months.

Question 14

State health departments often develop targeted large education campaigns regarding a specific health issue in their area. Secondary prevention activities are focused on early disease detection which prevents progression of the disease. Screening programs such as high blood pressure testing is an example of secondary prevention activities.

Question 15

In 1973, the first ___________ was established to protect health care consumers in the hospitals.

Question 16

Primary prevention avoids the development of a disease. Promotion activities such as health education are primary prevention. Other examples include smoking cessation programs, immunization programs, and educational programs for pregnancy and employee safety.

Question 17

Pesthouses, operated by local governments, were used to quarantine people who had contagious diseases such as cholera. These institutions were the predecessor of hospitals.

Question 18

The Healthy People 2000 Report, started in 1987, was created to

A)Implement a new national prevention strategy with one major goal-increase life expectancy.
B)Implement a new national prevention strategy with two major goals - increase life expectancy and increase access to preventive services.
C)Implement a new national prevention strategy with three major goals - increase life expectancy, increase access to preventive services and reduce health disparities.

Question 19

Group insurance is a type of private insurance that anticipates that a large group of individuals will purchase insurance through their employer and the risk is spread among those paying individuals.

Question 20

In 1965, Medicare and Medicaid were established as federally funded programs to provide

A)Health care access to the elderly and the poor respectively.
B)Healthcare access to military personnel and veterans and their dependents.
C)Healthcare care access to the homeless.
D)Healthcare access to the mentally ill.

Question 21

Which federal government agency is the primary source for quality delivery of health services?

A)Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
B)Food and Drug Administration
C)Center for Mental Health Services
D)Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

Question 22

Who are considered the fathers of public health?

A)Chadwick, Shattuck and Flexner
B)Shattuck, Snow and Flexner
C)Chadwick, Flexner and Snow
D)Chadwick, Snow and Shattuck

Question 23

What are hospitalists?

Question 24

What is the Flexner Report and its importance to healthcare?

Question 25

Which legislative act was passed to ensure that consumers were not refused treatment for an emergency life threatening health situation?

A)Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA)
B)Public Health Prevention Act of 1999
C)Mental Health Parity Act of 1996
D)Affordable Care Act

Question 26

What is the difference between primary, secondary and tertiary prevention? Provide specific examples of each of those activities.

Question 27

What is the Iron Triangle?

Question 28

What was the impact of the Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act ?

A)The Act created Medicare Part D, the drug prescription program.
B)The Act created Medicare Part C, the Medicare managed care program.
C)The Act expanded the Family Medical Leave Act.
D)None of these statements are correct.

Question 29

Explain the concept of the graying of the U.S. population and its impact on healthcare.