Deck 8: Articulations

Question 1

A ligamentous connection such as an interosseus ligament is termed a

A) symphysis.
B) syndesmosis.
C) gomphosis.
D) synostosis.
E) synchondrosis.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

C:\User Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
Which of the following movements is a good example of depression?

A) extreme bending of the head backwards
B) moving the hand toward the shoulder
C) spreading the fingers
D) opening the mouth
E) turning the hand palm upward

Answer 2

D

Question 3

In the knee joint, the medial and lateral menisci

A) take the place of bursae.
B) are cartilages that bind the knee to the tibia.
C) act as cushions and conform to the shape of the articulating surfaces.
D) are found between the patella and femur.
E) both A and D

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Nodding your head "yes" is an example of

A) lateral and medial rotation.
B) circumduction.
C) protraction and retraction.
D) flexion and extension.
E) pronation and supination.

Question 5

Bursae are found in all of the following areas, except

A) tendon sheaths.
B) around many synovial joints.
C) around blood vessels.
D) within connective tissue exposed to friction or pressure.
E) beneath the skin covering a bone.

Question 6

A twisting motion of the foot that turns the sole of the foot outward is known as

A) plantar flexion.
B) dorsiflexion.
C) inversion.
D) eversion.
E) none of the above

Question 7

Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "2."

A) synovial membrane
B) periosteum
C) serous membrane
D) joint capsule
E) intracapsular ligament

Question 8

C:\User Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
Which of the following ligaments is not associated with the hip joint?

A) ischiofemoral ligament
B) anterior cruciate ligament
C) iliofemoral ligament
D) ligamentum teres
E) pubofemoral ligament

Question 9

Contraction of the muscle that is attached to the radial tuberosity results in

A) rotation of the shoulder.
B) flexion of the forearm.
C) adduction of the forearm.
D) abduction of the forearm.
E) extension of the forearm.

Question 10

To pinch with a thumb and finger involves a movement called

A) eversion.
B) rotation.
C) circumduction.
D) retraction.
E) opposition.

Question 11

An epiphyseal line is an example of a

A) symphysis.
B) syndesmosis.
C) synchondrosis.
D) gomphosis.
E) synostosis.

Question 12

Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "3."

A) hinge
B) saddle
C) pivot
D) ellipsoid
E) gliding

Question 13

Dislocations are quite painful due to stimulation of pain receptors. One place these receptors are absent is

A) inside the joint cavity.
B) within the joint capsule.
C) within the tendons around the joint.
D) within the ligaments around the joint.
E) both C and D

Question 14

Which of the following movements is a good example of supination?

A) moving the hand toward the shoulder
B) spreading the fingers
C) opening the mouth
D) extreme bending of the head backwards
E) turning the hand palm upward

Question 15

The joints that are subjected to the greatest load are found in the

A) ankles.
B) hips.
C) knees.
D) spine.
E) hands.

Question 16

Which of the following movements would you associate with chewing food?

A) abduction
B) elevation
C) pronation
D) circumduction
E) flexion

Question 17

C:\User Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "1."

A) ellipsoid
B) pivot
C) hinge
D) saddle
E) gliding

Question 18

Which of the following is not a function of synovial fluid?

A) provides nutrients
B) protects articular cartilages
C) shock absorption
D) increases osmotic pressure within joint
E) lubrication

Question 19

Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
A movement away from the midline of the body is termed

A) abduction.
B) inversion.
C) flexion.
D) extension.
E) adduction.

Question 20

The joint that permits the greatest range of mobility of any joint in the body is the joint.

A) elbow
B) hip
C) knee
D) wrist
E) shoulder

Question 21

Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "4."

A) pivot
B) hinge
C) gliding
D) saddle
E) ellipsoid

Question 22

Which of the following occurs when the articular cartilage is damaged?

A) The exposed surface changes to a rough feltwork.
B) The matrix begins to break down.
C) Friction in the joint increases.
D) Normal synovial joint function is unable to continue.
E) all of the above

Question 23

The joints between vertebrae are examples of joints.

A) gliding
B) ellipsoid
C) saddle
D) hinge
E) pivot

Question 24

The synarthrosis that binds the teeth to the bony sockets is a

A) synotosis.
B) suture.
C) synchondrosis.
D) gomphosis.
E) none of the above

Question 25

The surface of articular cartilage is

A) slick.
B) flat.
C) smooth.
D) rough.
E) both A and C

Question 26

Which ligament connects the clavicle and the acromion?

A) coracoclavicular
B) coracoacromial
C) acromioclavicular
D) coracohumeral
E) glenohumeral

Question 27

A suture is an example of an)

A) syndesmosis.
B) diarthrosis.
C) synarthrosis.
D) symphysis.
E) amphiarthrosis.

Question 28

Which of the following movements is a good example of abduction?

A) spreading the fingers
B) extreme bending of the head backwards
C) moving the hand toward the shoulder
D) opening the mouth
E) turning the hand palm upward

Question 29

The elbow joint is an example of an) joint.

A) hinge
B) gliding
C) ellipsoid
D) saddle
E) pivot

Question 30

The "rotator cuff" of the shoulder functions to

A) reinforce the joint capsule.
B) limit the range of movements.
C) allow biaxial movement.
D) all of the above
E) both A and B

Question 31

A slightly movable joint is an)

A) gomphosis.
B) synostosis.
C) diarthrosis.
D) amphiarthrosis.
E) synarthrosis.

Question 32

Which of the following movements is a good example of flexion?

A) extreme bending of the head backwards
B) spreading the fingers
C) turning the hand palm upward
D) opening the mouth
E) moving the hand toward the shoulder

Question 33

Which of these is not a property of articular cartilage?

A) enclosed by a capsule
B) smooth, low- friction surface
C) lubricated by synovial fluid
D) similar to hyaline cartilage
E) covered by perichondrium

Question 34

A freely movable joint is an)

A) synarthrosis.
B) diarthrosis.
C) syndesmosis.
D) symphysis.
E) amphiarthrosis.

Question 35

Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
A herniated intervertebral disc is caused by

A) ossification of the vertebral disc.
B) loss of annulus fibrosis elasticity.
C) protrusion of the nucleus pulposus.
D) transformation of fibrocartilage to hyaline cartilage.
E) slippage of the fibrocartilage disc.

Question 36

In a triaxial articulation

A) no movement is possible.
B) movement can occur in all three axes.
C) movement can occur in only two axes.
D) movement can occur in only one axis.
E) only circumduction is possible.

Question 37

Monaxial joints are known as joints.

A) saddle
B) ball- and- socket
C) ellipsoid
D) hinge
E) gliding

Question 38

Factors that increase the stability of the hip joint include

A) supporting ligaments.
B) tough capsule.
C) almost complete bony socket.
D) strong muscular padding.
E) all of the above

Question 39

Syndesmosis is to ligament as symphysis is to

A) rigid cartilaginous bridge.
B) periodontal ligament.
C) completely fused.
D) fibrous cartilage.
E) dense regular connective tissue.

Question 40

Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
The medial surface of the knee joint is reinforced by the _ ligament.

A) cruciate
B) fibular collateral
C) popliteal
D) tibial collateral
E) patellar

Question 41

Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure at label "1."

A) synovial membrane
B) articular cartilage
C) bursa
D) meniscus
E) joint cavity

Question 42

All of the following are structural classifications of synovial joints, except

A) pivot.
B) hinge.
C) saddle.
D) gliding.
E) rolling.

Question 43

Lifting a stone with the tip of foot is

A) eversion.
B) circumduction.
C) inversion.
D) plantar flexion.
E) dorsiflexion.

Question 44

Which of the following movements is a good example of hyperextension?

A) moving the hand toward the shoulder
B) extreme bending of the head backwards
C) opening the mouth
D) spreading the fingers
E) turning the hand palm upward

Question 45

C:\User Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
Identify the structure labeled "5."

A) intracapsular ligament
B) synovial membrane
C) serous membrane
D) joint capsule
E) periosteum

Question 46

Which of these is not considered to be an accessory synovial structure?

A) menisci
B) bursae
C) synovial membrane
D) tendons
E) fat pads

Question 47

An extension past the anatomical position is known as

A) rotation.
B) extension.
C) hyperextension.
D) flexion.
E) double jointed.

Question 48

The joint between the trapezium and metacarpal bone of the thumb is an example of an) joint.

A) gliding
B) hinge
C) pivot
D) saddle
E) ellipsoid

Question 49

Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
An immovable joint is an)

A) symphysis.
B) syndesmosis.
C) amphiarthrosis.
D) synarthrosis.
E) diarthrosis.

Question 50

The radiocarpal joint is an) _ joint.

A) ellipsoid
B) saddle
C) immovable
D) gliding
E) hinge

Question 51

Which foot movement enables the ballerina to stand on her toes?

A) eversion
B) inversion
C) rotation
D) dorsiflexion
E) plantar flexion

Question 52

Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "5."

A) hinge
B) saddle
C) ellipsoid
D) pivot
E) gliding

Question 53

Joints can be classified structurally as

A) cartilaginous.
B) bony.
C) fibrous.
D) synovial.
E) all of the above

Question 54

Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
The movements known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the

A) leg.
B) hip.
C) hand.
D) foot.
E) arm.

Question 55

A common injury to the ankle occurs by excessive turning of the sole inward, termed

A) inversion.
B) protraction.
C) eversion.
D) dorsiflexion.
E) plantar flexion.

Question 56

The elbow joint is extremely stable because

A) the capsule lacks ligaments.
B) the joint lacks bursae.
C) the articular capsule is thin.
D) the ulna and humerus interlock.
E) several muscles support the joint capsule.

Question 57

Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
Which of the following is not a characteristic of articular cartilage?

A) Surfaces are normally slick and smooth.
B) The matrix contains more water than other cartilages.
C) It is composed of hyaline cartilage.
D) There is no perichondrium.
E) It secretes synovial fluid.

Question 58

Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
Which of the following ligaments assist in stabilization of the shoulder joint?

A) coracoacromial
B) subscapularis
C) coracoclavicular
D) all of the above
E) both A and C

Question 59

The ligament that provides support to the front of the knee joint is the _ ligament.

A) patellar
B) posterior cruciate
C) tibial collateral
D) anterior cruciate
E) popliteal

Question 60

A synovial joint is an example of an)

A) synarthrosis.
B) symphysis.
C) syndesmosis.
D) amphiarthrosis.
E) diarthrosis.

Question 61

Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
Which structure acts as a cushion and consists of fibrocartilage?

A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5

Question 62

Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
Identify the type of joint at label "2."

A) hinge
B) gliding
C) ellipsoid
D) saddle
E) pivot

Question 63

Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
The ligaments that limit the anterior- posterior movement of the femur and maintain the alignment of the femoral and tibial condyles are the ligaments.

A) fibular collateral
B) cruciate
C) patellar
D) tibial collateral
E) popliteal

Question 64

All of the following statements are true, except one. Identify the exception.

A) The more movement a joint allows, the stronger the joint.
B) The tension produced by muscle tendons surrounding a joint help stabilize the joint.
C) The rotator cuff functions to limit the range of movements of the shoulder joint.
D) The tighter two bones are held together within a joint, the stronger the joint.
E) The shapes of the articulating surfaces within the joint help prevent movement in a particular direction and strengthen and stabilize the joint.

Question 65

C:\User Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
Dense connective tissue is to a suture as a periodontal ligament is to an)

A) syndesmosis.
B) amphiarthrosis.
C) gomphosis.
D) synchondrosis.
E) synostosis.

Question 66

Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
The ankle joint is an example of an) joint.

A) hinge
B) ellipsoid
C) gliding
D) saddle
E) ball- and- socket

Question 67

Which of the following athletes are at greatest risk of developing a rotator cuff injury?

A) tennis players
B) white- water kayakers
C) runners
D) baseball pitchers
E) both B and D

Question 68

Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
Which of the following types of joints is monoaxial, but capable of only rotation?

A) pivot
B) ball- and- socket
C) gliding
D) saddle
E) hinge

Question 69

Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
What type of tissue occurs at the structure labeled "3"?

A) hyaline cartilage
B) fibrocartilage
C) dense connective tissue
D) synovial membrane
E) bone tissue

Question 70

All of the following movements occur at the intervertebral joints, except

A) extension.
B) rotation.
C) dorsiflexion.
D) flexion.
E) lateral flexion.

Question 71

Which of these is one of the four major types of synarthrotic joints?

A) gomphosis
B) synostosis
C) suture
D) synchondrosis
E) all of the above

Question 72

Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
The joints that connect the four fingers with the metacarpal bones are

A) hinge joints.
B) pivot joints.
C) ellipsoid joints.
D) condyloid joints.
E) saddle joints.

Question 73

Which of the following joints is an example of a ball- and- socket joint?

A) wrist
B) elbow
C) knee
D) shoulder
E) ankle

Question 74

The normal movement of the hip joint during walking involves

A) abduction.
B) adduction.
C) flexion.
D) extension.
E) both C and D

Question 75

The intercarpal articulations are joints.

A) ball- and- socket
B) saddle
C) gliding
D) hinge
E) ellipsoid

Question 76

Muscles that extend the elbow attach to the

A) medial epicondyle.
B) radial tuberosity.
C) coronoid process.
D) lateral epicondyle.
E) olecranon process.

Question 77

The largest and strongest articulation at the elbow is the

A) ulnaradial joint.
B) humeroradial joint.
C) ulnar joint.
D) radial joint.
E) humero- ulnar joint.

Question 78

Which type of joint is found between the carpal bones?

A) saddle
B) pivot
C) hinge
D) ball- and- socket
E) gliding

Question 79

Figure 8- 2 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint
Use Figure 8- 2 to answer the following questions:
The structures that assist the bursae in reducing friction between the patella and other tissues are the

A) medial menisci.
B) lateral menisci.
C) fat pads.
D) popliteal ligaments.
E) cruciate ligaments.

Question 80

Figure 8- 1 Bones of the Wrist and Hand
Use Figure 8- 1 to answer the following questions:
Complete dislocation of the knee is a rare because

A) the femur articulates with the tibia at the knee.
B) the knee contains seven major ligaments.
C) the knee is extremely resilient.
D) the knee is protected by the patella.
E) the knee contains fat pads to absorb shocks.