Deck 1: Food Choices and Human Health

Question 1

What class of compound gives hot peppers their burning taste?

A) nonnutrient
B) nutrient
C) supplement
D) toxin

Answer 1

A

Question 2

How many Calories are there in a food that contains 20 grams of carbohydrate, 8 grams protein, and 5 grams of fat?

A) 132 Calories
B) 157 Calories
C) 231 Calories
D) 297 Calories

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which of the following statements best defines "enriched" as it is applied to a food product?

A) The product is low in Calories and high in nutrients.
B) The product is more expensive to purchase.
C) The product is superior to similar products.
D) The product could be either nutritious or not nutritious.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

When given to severely ill people unable to eat ordinary food, what are elemental diets designed to do?

A) support life
B) enable people to thrive
C) support optimal growth
D) enhance digestive tract health

Question 5

Which of the following nutrients is the most energy rich?

A) fat
B) protein
C) water
D) carbohydrate

Question 6

How many classes of nutrients are there?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) 8

Question 7

Which of the following characteristics applies to alcohol?

A) It contributes no Calories.
B) It interferes with repair of body tissues.
C) It is a nutrient.
D) It is non-toxic to the body.

Question 8

What is the name for the study of environmental influences on genetic expression?

A) epigenetics
B) genetic counselling
C) nutritional nucleic acid pool
D) genetic metabolomics

Question 9

Which of the following nutrients is considered organic?

A) minerals
B) carbohydrate
C) water
D) alcohol

Question 10

Which of the following terms is used to describe a product that has been isolated from food, is often sold in pill form, and is believed to have medicinal effects?

A) nutraceutical
B) nonnutrient
C) partitioned
D) phytochemical

Question 11

How many Calories are there in 1 gram of carbohydrate or protein?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 7
D) 9

Question 12

The integration of nutrition, genomic science, and molecular biology has launched a new area of study. What is this area of study called?

A) nutrition genetics
B) nutritional genomics
C) nutritional molecular science
D) nutritional science

Question 13

On any given day, almost half of the Canadian population does NOT consume enough of which food category?

A) dairy products
B) vegetables and fruit
C) meat and alternatives
D) grain products

Question 14

Which of the following statements best defines an "essential" nutrient?

A) It is necessary for good health and proper functioning of the body.
B) It can be obtained only from the diet.
C) It can be manufactured by the body from raw materials.
D) It can be manufactured by the body itself.

Question 15

There is a compound in cranberries that may help prevent urinary tract infections by preventing certain bacteria from clinging to the urinary tract. What is the general term for this type of compound?

A) functional food
B) phytochemical
C) natural food
D) nutraceutical

Question 16

Which of the following nutrients is energy yielding?

A) protein
B) vitamins
C) water
D) minerals

Question 17

Which of the following conditions is the most responsive to nutrition?

A) diabetes
B) iron deficiency anemia
C) sickle cell disease
D) heart disease

Question 18

Which of the following nutrients yields energy and also provides materials that form structures and working parts of body tissues?

A) carbohydrates
B) vitamins
C) fats
D) proteins

Question 19

Which of the following units do food scientists use to measure food energy?

A) units of weight
B) kilocalories
C) kilograms
D) grams

Question 20

How many Calories does 1 gram of alcohol provide?

A) 2
B) 4
C) 7
D) 9

Question 21

Which of the following is an effect of physical activity on the body?

A) increased lean body tissue
B) increased risk of cardiovascular diseases
C) decreased bone density
D) slower wound healing

Question 22

In Southeast Asia, rice is an example of what kind of food?

A) fortified
B) processed
C) natural
D) staple

Question 23

What factor is driving food choice when an individual selects a food because the item is consumed by someone they admire?

A) values or beliefs
B) positive associations
C) social pressure
D) advertising

Question 24

What is the name given to research that looks for correlations between dietary habits and disease incidence in a population?

A) epidemiological study
B) intervention study
C) case study
D) laboratory study

Question 25

Which of the following media is the most credible source of nutrition information?

A) newspaper articles
B) health magazines
C) scientific journals
D) TV programs

Question 26

Which of the following types of nutrition research designs shows the effects of treatments?

A) randomized controlled trials
B) epidemiological studies
C) blind experiments
D) case studies

Question 27

A certain amount of fibre in foods contributes to the health of the digestive tract, but too much fibre leads to nutrient losses. What is the term for the characteristic of diet planning that takes this fact into account?

A) adequacy
B) Calorie control
C) moderation
D) balance

Question 28

You see a new finding about nutrition reported in your local newspaper. What is your most prudent response to information from this source?

A) You decide that the information is factual.
B) You wait until there are confirmed results to apply the finding.
C) You feel confident about changing your diet accordingly.
D) You attribute it to media sensationalism.

Question 29

Which one of the following factors primarily drives food choices?

A) genetics
B) convenience
C) nutritional value
D) climate of the country

Question 30

What is the name for foods that have been subjected to modification, such as the addition of additives, milling, or cooking?

A) enriched
B) partitioned
C) processed
D) natural

Question 31

What anthropometric information may be obtained as part of an individual's nutritional assessment?

A) glucose level
B) food intake
C) body height
D) health history

Question 32

Sugar, butter, and corn oil provide few nutrients with many Calories. What is the name for these types of foods?

A) partitioned
B) enriched
C) processed
D) natural

Question 33

For healthy Canadian adults, what is the recommended maximum percentage of total Calories from fats?

A) 5%
B) 15%
C) 25%
D) 35%

Question 34

What is the name given to a study in which the investigators do not manipulate the study variables of interest but instead monitor them over time?

A) cohort study
B) case-control study
C) epidemiological study
D) community health survey

Question 35

Approximately how many Canadians are physically inactive?

A) 23%
B) 47%
C) 52%
D) 71%

Question 36

What is the most accurate term used to describe a person who is strict about only including foods from plant sources in his or her diet?

A) vegetarian
B) carnivore
C) omnivore
D) vegan

Question 37

What daily nutrition supplement does the Canadian food guide recommend for men and women over the age of 50 years?

A) folic acid
B) vitamin D
C) calcium
D) iron

Question 38

Which of the following terms is used as a name for foods that might lend protection against chronic diseases by way of the nutrients or nonnutrients they contain?

A) organic foods
B) natural foods
C) basic foods
D) functional foods

Question 39

A nutritious diet should provide enough of each essential nutrient, enough fibre, and enough energy. What is the name for this principle of diet planning?

A) moderation
B) adequacy
C) variety
D) balance

Question 40

What is the term given to the characteristic that suggests a monotonous diet may deliver large amounts of toxins or contaminants to the body?

A) adequacy
B) variety
C) moderation
D) balance

Question 41

When a hospital client has to be fed through a vein, the duration should be as short as possible, and real food should be reintroduced as early as possible.

Question 42

What is the name commonly given to an Internet story that gains strength of conviction solely on the basis of repetition?

A) advertorial
B) anecdotal evidence
C) urban legend
D) infomercial

Question 43

Which of the following foods offers the most nutrients per Calorie?

A) diced carrot
B) mashed potato
C) pork sausage
D) black coffee

Question 44

Alcohol is a nutrient that yields energy for the body.

Question 45

Provide specific examples of how vitamins and minerals serve as regulators in the body.

Question 46

Once a new finding is published in a scientific journal, it is considered preliminary.

Question 47

A good diet alone will prevent an individual from getting heart disease.

Question 48

All humans share 99.9% of the human genome.

Question 49

Three ounces of beef stew offers about the same amount of iron as three ounces of water-packed tuna, but the beef contains over 300 Calories while the tuna contains about 100 Calories. What is the term for this difference?

A) balance
B) moderation
C) dietary variety
D) nutrient density

Question 50

Malnutrition includes deficiencies, imbalances, and excesses of nutrients. Any of these factors can be harmful over time.

Question 51

Enriched and fortified foods are not necessarily more nutritious than whole basic foods.

Question 52

What are the functions of food, besides providing nutrients?

Question 53

Which of the following functions is the responsibility of provincial dietetic regulatory bodies?

A) accrediting correspondence schools indietetics
B) protecting the public from unsafe dietetic practice
C) randomly monitoring the competence of members
D) referring complaints about dietetic members to Dietitians of Canada

Question 54

Which of the following organizations accredits university and dietetic internship programs that qualify dietitians to practice?

A) International Academy of Nutritional Consultants
B) Canadian Society for Clinical Nutrition
C) Canadian Association of Nutrition and Dietary Consultants
D) Dietitians of Canada

Question 55

Which of the following characteristics of a claim about nutrition would lead you to doubt its validity?

A) It appears in a peer-reviewed scientific journal.
B) It is being made by a registered dietitian.
C) The evidence supporting the claim is in the form of laboratory tests.
D) It is written by a dietist.

Question 56

Which of the following characteristics defines a legitimate and qualified nutrition expert?

A) completion of an approved internship or the equivalent
B) graduation from a college after completing a program of dietetics
C) using the term nutritionist after the individual's name
D) graduation from a correspondence program with an internship

Question 57

Cultural traditions regarding food are static and inflexible.

Question 58

A basic premise of dietary guidelines is that food should provide nutrients over supplements whenever possible.

Question 59

Canada's guidelines for healthy eating include information on diet and physical activity.

Question 60

What is meant by the term "essential nutrient?"

Question 61

Describe why people should not make changes in their diets based on the results of a single research study.

Question 62

Explain the concept of nutrient density and give an example.

Question 63

Identify and briefly describe the five characteristics of a nutritious diet.

Question 64

Describe how you would determine whether an Internet site offers reliable nutrition information.

Question 65

Describe the potential benefits of physical activity.

Question 66

Why does the variety of foods available to us today make it more difficult, rather than easier, to plan nutritious diets?

Question 67

Identify and explain factors that drive food choices.