Deck 3: Ingredients of an Effective Helping Relationship

Question 1

The most recent stage of the counseling theory developed by Carl Rogers is referred to as .

A) person-centered
B) client-centered
C) therapist-directed
D) nondirective

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Accurate understanding is to as congruence is to .

A) respect; genuineness
B) empathy; positive regard
C) empathy; genuineness
D) positive regard; respect

Answer 2

C

Question 3

A client shares that she left work in tears after her boss made several racially derogatory comments to her. The counselor responds, "Your boss was probably having a bad day." The counselor's response may be defined as a(n):

A) congruent statement.
B) microaggression.
C) empathic response.
D) validation.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Empathy, genuineness, and positive regard are elements of .

A) transference
B) countertransference
C) the working alliance
D) facilitative conditions

Question 5

In reviewing the evidence provided by the Interdivisional Task Force on Evidence-Based Therapy Relationships, Norcross and Wampold (2011) concluded all the following about the helping relationship EXCEPT:

A) makes unsubstantial and inconsistent contributions to psychotherapy outcomes regardless of treatment type.
B) adapting the therapy relationship to specific patient characteristics (in addition to diagnosis) enhances treatment.
C) accounts for why clients improve or fail to improve as much as particular treatment used.
D) must be included as part of evidence-based practices or they are incomplete and misleading.

Question 6

is the ability to understand people from their frame of reference.

A) Transference
B) Genuineness
C) Countertransference
D) Empathy

Question 7

A client expresses in session that he does not trust his feelings and is constantly looking to others for cues on how to think, feel, and behave. According to Neacsiu and Linehan (2014), the practitioner may want to explore the client's:

A) birth order in the family.
B) invalidating environmental experiences.
C) cultural view.
D) actualized potential.

Question 8

Synchrony is best defined as the degree to which the:

A) client's words are accurately paraphrased.
B) helper is comfortable and confident in working with the client.
C) helper and client agree on therapeutic goals.
D) helper's nonverbals are in agreement with the client's nonverbal behavior.

Question 9

One of the fundamental tenets of client-centered therapy is that individuals:

A) have an inherent tendency to strive toward growth and self-actualization.
B) manifest symptoms of unconscious conflict.
C) experience problems due to irrational beliefs.
D) suffer from death anxiety, isolation, and meaninglessness.

Question 10

When the helper's words, feelings, and actions match, this is an example of the element of genuineness or congruence.

A) spontaneity
B) consistency
C) role behavior
D) supporting nonverbal behaviors

Question 11

Empathic responding is one of the rare therapeutic responses that is universally accepted by all clients.

Question 12

According to Comas-Diaz (2006), all helping relationships can be considered .

A) directive
B) nondirective
C) successful
D) cross-cultural

Question 13

Facilitative conditions have roots in counseling theory that was developed by .

A) Beck
B) Rogers
C) Bandura
D) Freud

Question 14

The term refers to a process in which both the helper and client collaborate and negotiate their work together on an ongoing basis.

A) transference
B) countertransference
C) working alliance
D) facilitative conditions

Question 15

Researchers have posited the existence of a brain connection with empathy in light of the discovery of .

A) mirror neurons
B) affective attunement
C) cognitive resonance
D) decreased neural integration

Question 16

In comparison to specific change or intervention strategies, the quality of the helping relationship is important to the overall outcome of the helping process.

A) less
B) as
C) somewhat more
D) significantly more

Question 17

According to Brammer, Abrego, and Shostrom (1993), responding empathically to a client represents an attempt to the client.

A) think for
B) think with
C) think about
D) outthink

Question 18

In order for the helper to act as a container and to offer a therapeutic holding environment, the following processes are required:

A) empathic mirroring and limit-setting responses.
B) immediate gratification and empathic mirroring.
C) limit-setting responses and distancing from clients' feelings.
D) encouraging clients to fully experience their lack of groundedness and to accept responsibility for empathic breaches in the helping relationship.

Question 19

A helper practices meditation before working with a challenging client because it helps him/her be available and centered with the client. Accessibility (availability) and centeredness are components of:

A) role behavior.
B) continuity.
C) consistency.
D) therapeutic presence.

Question 20

During supervision, a helper expresses that they understand their new client's past experiences of loss and their feelings of abandonment. This empathic process would be:

A) perspective taking.
B) self-regulation of one's emotions.
C) affective simulation.
D) affective responding.

Question 21

All of the following EXCEPT which statement are accurate with respect to relationship ruptures?

A) The helper's acknowledgement of responsibility in a rupture can provide a new relational experience for the client.
B) In a withdrawal rupture, the client deals directly with concerns about the relationship by confronting the helper.
C) Cross-racial tensions can lead to relationship ruptures.
D) They may be "transference-countertransference" enactments.

Question 22

Comas-Diaz (2014) discussed all the following aspects of ethnocultural countertransferential reactions in inter- ethnic helping dyads EXCEPT:

A) awareness and acceptance of cultural differences.
B) cultural ambivalence.
C) excessive curiosity of the helper about some aspect of the client's culture.
D) feelings of guilt.

Question 23

Transference involves the client old patterns or template of relating to others.

A) reliving
B) reenacting
C) remembering
D) re-experiencing

Question 24

A statement such as "It appears that you are feeling really angry with me right now and I wonder what is happening between us," suggests helper intent to address client transference via .

A) interpreting the meaning of the transference
B) self-disclosing
C) focusing on the immediate relationship
D) teaching or advising about the transference

Question 25

Jessica, thirty-three, has been experiencing symptoms of post-traumatic stress. During a recent robbery attempt at the bank where she is employed, Jessica's life was threatened and she was held at gunpoint. Jessica's strong feelings and crying spells are overwhelming to the helper who focuses on Jessica's "survival" and ways to make her feel better. Jessica does not return for her next appointment. She is undecided if she wants to return for therapy but is willing to meet with the helper one more time. Please identify which relationship rupture may have occurred and what steps you could take to heal the relationship.

Question 26

A client enters therapy due to her increased level of anxiety after her recent engagement to her boyfriend of two years. She has not been sleeping, complains of feeling "jittery," and has been having difficulty in concentrating at work. The client does not have a history of anxiety but reveals that she had been previously engaged "to the man of my dreams" before he left her a week before they were to be married several years ago. She expresses concern that "history will repeat itself" because her fiancé has not been participating in the wedding plans. In your own words, write one validating statement to the client based on the following validation levels (Neacsiu & Linehan, 2014 p. 415).
Level Two: Accurate Reflection
Level Three: Articulating the Unverbalized
Level Four: Validation in Terms of Past Learning Level Five: Validation in Present Context

Question 27

Compare and contrast Carl Rogers' and Heinz Kohut's theories on empathy in the therapeutic process.

Question 28

As a helper, what can you do to foster a working alliance with a client? Please include the three components of the working alliance in your response.

Question 29

A client unconsciously believes that if he expresses feelings of anger during his therapy, the helper will withdraw and reject him. The client tests the helper by disagreeing with her on small misinterpretations. The disagreements escalate in intensity over a few sessions until the client angrily confronts the helper. In working with this client's "tests," the helper would respond by:

A) confirming the client's belief and withdrawing.
B) confirming the client's belief by identifying the client's inappropriate anger.
C) not confirming the client's belief through showing acceptance.
D) not confirming the client's belief through being non-intrusive

Question 30

Tommy, a seven year-old, has been seeing you for anger issues that intensified after his parents' divorce approximately nine months ago. He lives with his father and his mother has weekend visitation rights which she frequently misses or reschedules. Tommy has made significant progress and his angry outbursts have diminished in frequency and duration since he began therapy. You have a good therapeutic relationship with Tommy until you tell him that you can no longer see him on Tuesdays and schedule him for Thursday. Tommy becomes angry and screams, "You don't care about me. I hate you!" How would you respond to Tommy by using the following transference responses?
Focusing on the immediate relationship:
Interpreting the meaning of the transference:
Using questions to promote insight:
Self-disclosing: