Deck 20: The Circulatory System: Blood Vessels and Circulation

Question 1

The three primary branches of the celiac trunk are the common hepatic, left gastric, and splenic veins.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Lung tissue receives nourishment and waste removal from the pulmonary circuit.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The outermost wall of an artery or vein is called the and in large arteries and veins contains the .

A)tunica media; smooth muscle
B)tunica externa; vasa vasorum
C)tunica externa; valves
D)tunica intima; endothelium
E)tunica intima; basement membrane

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Arteries are sometimes called the vessels of the cardiovascular system because they have strong-resilient tissue strucure.

A)resistance
B)capacitance
C)hydrodynamic
D)compliance
E)fenestrated

Question 5

Large veins, medium veins, and venules have valves to prevent the backflow of blood.

Question 6

The brachial vein is the most common site of blood pressure measurement with the
sphygmomanometer.

Question 7

Generalized vasomotion can raise or lower blood pressure throughout the body.

Question 8

Arterial flow to the lower limb comes from the external iliac artery.

Question 9

This figure shows variations in circulatory pathways.The pathway labeled shows alternative routes of blood supply called anastomoses.

A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Question 10

Increased capillary filtration, reduced reabsorption, or obstruction of lymphatic drainage can lead to
edema.

Question 11

Most tissue fluid is reabsorbed by the lymphatic system.

Question 12

Most blood is in the

A)pulmonary circuit.
B)heart.
C)arteries.
D)veins.
E)capillaries.

Question 13

Blood flow through a capillary bed is regulated by precapillary sphincters.

Question 14

Blood flow is pulsatile in arteries and veins, but it is steady in capillaries.

Question 15

The greatest outflow from the dural venous sinuses is via the internal jugular vein.

Question 16

have the thickest tunica media.

A)Small arteries
B)Small veins
C)Large arteries
D)Large veins
E)Capillaries

Question 17

The pulmonary circuit is the only route in which arteries carry less oxygen than veins.

Question 18

Decompensated shock is normally corrected by the body's homeostatic mechanisms.

Question 19

Blood filtered through the hepatic sinusoids exits the liver via the hepatic veins.

Question 20

The radial artery is lateral to the ulnar artery.

Question 21

Reactive hyperemia is a result of to increase perfusion into a tissue.

A)urinary control
B)neural control
C)hormonal control
D)local control
E)respiratory control

Question 22

The most important force driving reabsorption at the venous end of a capillary is

A)oncotic pressure.
B)tissue fluid colloid osmotic pressure.
C)blood colloid osmotic pressure.
D)interstitial hydrostatic pressure.
E)blood hydrostatic pressure.

Question 23

The most important force driving filtration at the arterial end of a capillary is

A)oncotic pressure.
B)tissue fluid colloid osmotic pressure.
C)blood colloid osmotic pressure.
D)interstitial hydrostatic pressure.
E)blood hydrostatic pressure.

Question 24

are powerful vasoconstrictors, and also increases heart rate.

A)Norepinephrine and antidiuretic hormone (ADH); antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
B)Norepinephrine and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP); norepinephrine
C)Epinephrine and angiotensin II; epinephrine
D)Epinephrine and aldosterone; epinephrine
E)Epinephrine and antidiuretic hormone (ADH); antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

Question 25

Hypertension is commonly considered to be a chronic resting blood pressure higher than

A)180/90.
B)130/60.
C)120/75.
D)140/90.
E)200/90.

Question 26

What is the mean arterial pressure for a person with 110 and 65 mm Hg as systolic and diastolic pressure, respectively?

A)45 mm Hg
B)80 mm Hg
C)87.5 mm Hg
D)90 mm Hg
E)175 mm Hg

Question 27

These are all possible circulatory routes from the heart except

A)heart → arteries → capillary bed → veins → heart
B)heart → arteries → capillary bed → vein → capillary bed → veins → heart
C)heart → arteries → capillary bed → vein → capillary bed → arteries → heart
D)heart → arteries → arterial anastomosis → capillary bed → veins → heart
E)heart → arteries → arterial anastomosis → capillary bed → venous anastomosis → veins → heart

Question 28

A mean arterial pressure (MAP) below 60 mmHg can cause , whereas a MAP above 160 mmHg can cause .

A)neurogenic shock; syncope
B)neurogenic shock; cardiogenic shock
C)compensated shock; decompensated shock
D)syncope; neurogenic shock
E)syncope; cerebral edema

Question 29

by the capillaries at their venous end.

A)Waste products are taken up
B)Oxygen and glucose are taken up
C)Oxygen and glucose are given off
D)Wastes are given off
E)Organic nutrients are taken up

Question 30

In people who stand for long periods, blood tends to pool in the lower limbs and this may result in varicose veins.Varicose veins are caused by

A)an aneurysm or weak point in an artery.
B)an aneurysm or weak point in a vein.
C)failure of the venous valves.
D)failure of the lymphatic valves.
E)a ruptured aneurysm in a vein.

Question 31

does not contribute to venous return.

A)The difference of pressure between venules and the venae cavae
B)The expansion and contraction of the thoracic cavity during ventilation
C)The suction created by the atria slightly expanding during ventricular systole
D)Widespread vasodilation
E)Contraction of skeletal muscles of the limbs

Question 32

These are all mechanisms of movement through the capillary wall except

A)reabsorption.
B)filtration.
C)secretion.
D)transcytosis.
E)diffusion.

Question 33

All these can lead to edema except

A)obstruction of lymphatic vessels.
B)liver disease.
C)famine.
D)hyperproteinemia.
E)hypertension.

Question 34

This figure shows changes in blood pressure relative to distance from the heart.What would be the approximate blood pressure in a blood vessel leaving the stomach for a person lying on her back (not standing)?

A)above 100 mm Hg
B)80 mm Hg
C)60 mm Hg
D)40 mm Hg
E)below 20 mm Hg

Question 35

would not increase capillary filtration.

A)Blockage of lymphatic capillaries
B)Dehydration
C)Increased capillary permeability
D)Dietary protein deficiency
E)Obstructed venous return

Question 36

Vasomotion is associated with the presence of

A)collagen and elastic tissue in the tunica media.
B)elastic tissue in the tunica externa.
C)endothelium in the tunica interna.
D)smooth muscle in the tunica media.
E)fenestrations in the tunica externa.

Question 37

All of these increase blood pressure except

A)norepinephrine.
B)antidiuretic hormone (ADH).
C)angiotensin II.
D)aldosterone.
E)atrial natriuretic peptide.

Question 38

has the most important effect on blood velocity.

A)Blood viscosity
B)Vessel radius
C)Blood osmolarity
D)Hematocrit
E)Vessel length

Question 39

The velocity of blood flow decreases when

A)viscosity increases.
B)blood pressure increases.
C)vessel radius increases.
D)afterload increases.
E)vasomotion decreases.

Question 40

The vasomotor center of the controls blood vessels throughout the body.

A)hypothalamus
B)medulla oblongata
C)spinal cord
D)cerebellum
E)cortex

Question 41

A bee sting can trigger a massive release of histamine, which causes and a(n) in arterial blood pressure.

A)vasodilation; decrease
B)vasodilation; increase
C)vasoconstriction; decrease
D)vasoconstriction; increase
E)vasoconstriction; oscillation

Question 42

From superior to inferior, the major branches of the abdominal aorta are

A)celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, renal arteries, gonadal arteries, inferior mesenteric artery, and common iliac arteries.
B)celiac trunk, superior mesenteric artery, gonadal arteries, renal arteries, inferior mesenteric artery, and common iliac arteries.
C)superior mesenteric artery, celiac trunk, renal arteries, gonadal arteries, inferior mesenteric artery, and common iliac arteries.
D)superior mesenteric artery, celiac trunk, gonadal arteries, renal arteries, inferior mesenteric artery, and common iliac arteries.
E)superior mesenteric artery, inferior mesenteric artery, celiac trunk, gonadal arteries, renal arteries, and common iliac arteries.

Question 43

The principal venous drainage of the thoracic organs is accomplished by way of

A)the branches of the celiac trunk.
B)the azygos system.
C)mesenteric circulation.
D)the hepatic portal system.
E)the coronary and pulmonary veins.

Question 44

This figure shows the arteries of the abdomen and pelvic region.What does "6" represent?

A)the median sacral a.
B)the lumbar a.
C)the inferior mesenteric a.
D)the superior mesenteric a.
E)the gonadal a.

Question 45

This figure shows the superficial veins of the neck and head.What does "8" represent?

A)the axillary v.
B)the internal jugular v.
C)the external jugular v.
D)the brachiocephalic v.
E)the subclavian v.

Question 46

This figure shows the aorta and its major branches.What label shows the artery on the right side of the body with the most extensive distribution of all the head-neck arteries?

A)4
B)3
C)2
D)1
E)5

Question 47

shock can be produced by hemorrhage, severe burns, or dehydration.

A)Anaphylactic
B)Cardiogenic
C)Hypovolemic
D)Venous pooling (vascular)
E)Neurogenic

Question 48

shock occurs when bacterial toxins trigger vasodilation and increase capillary permeability.

A)Compensated
B)Anaphylactic
C)Neurogenic
D)Cardiogenic
E)Septic

Question 49

This figure shows veins of the abdomen and pelvic region.What does "2" represent?

A)the inferior mesenteric vein
B)the gastric vein
C)the splenic vein
D)the hepatic vein
E)the hepatic portal vein

Question 50

Pulmonary arteries have blood pressure compared to systemic arteries.

A)similar
B)a little lower
C)considerably lower
D)considerably higher
E)a little higher

Question 51

The lungs receive a systemic blood supply by way of the

A)right pulmonary artery.
B)left pulmonary artery.
C)pulmonary veins.
D)bronchial arteries.
E)lobar arteries.

Question 52

There are no in humans.

A)right and left common carotid arteries
B)right and left brachiocephalic arteries
C)right and left brachiocephalic veins
D)right and left subclavian veins
E)right and left subclavian arteries

Question 53

Myocardial infarction can lead to shock.

A)neurogenic
B)cardiogenic
C)obstructed venous return
D)venous pooling (vascular)
E)hypovolemic

Question 54

Blood flow to the remains quite stable even when mean arterial pressure (MAP) fluctuates from 60 to 140 mm Hg.

A)hypothalamus
B)adrenal gland
C)stomach
D)skeletal muscles
E)kidneys

Question 55

The supplies 80% of the cerebrum.

A)superficial temporal artery
B)occipital artery
C)internal carotid artery
D)anterior cerebral artery
E)middle cerebral artery

Question 56

The most important force in venous flow is

A)cardiac suction.
B)the pressure generated by the heart.
C)the skeletal muscle pump.
D)the thoracic (respiratory) pump.
E)one way flow due to valves.

Question 57

This figure shows veins of the upper limb.What does "5" represent?

A)the basilic vein(s)
B)the cephalic vein(s)
C)the brachial vein(s)
D)the axillary vein(s)
E)the median cubital vein(s)

Question 58

How many pulmonary arteries empty into the right atrium of the heart?

A)0
B)1
C)2
D)4
E)7

Question 59

These are all tributaries of the inferior vena cava except

A)the hepatic veins.
B)the internal and external iliac veins.
C)the inferior phrenic veins.
D)the vertebral veins.
E)the lumbar veins.

Question 60

The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) is

A)an anastomosis surrounding the pituitary gland.
B)a portal system connecting the hypothalamus with the anterior pituitary.
C)a short anastomosis found in the cerebellum.
D)formed by the superior and inferior sagittal sinuses.
E)an anastomosis circling the entire cortex.

Question 61

These are all veins of the upper limb except

A)the cephalic vein.
B)the great saphenous vein.
C)the basilic vein.
D)the median antebrachial vein.
E)the ulnar vein.

Question 62

This figure shows arteries of the lower limb.What does "6" represent?

A)the femoral artery
B)the external iliac artery
C)the deep femoral artery
D)the internal iliac artery
E)the popliteal artery

Question 63

These are all vessels of the lower limb except

A)the popliteal vein.
B)the posterior tibial artery.
C)the medial plantar artery.
D)the fibular vein.
E)the anterior interosseous artery.

Question 64

This is the longest vein, and portions of this vein are commonly used as grafts in coronary bypass surgery.

A)the inferior vena cava
B)the femoral vein
C)the deep femoral vein
D)the great saphenous vein
E)the common iliac vein