Deck 3: Cells

Question 1

Identify the transport mechanism: a passive process that "pulls" water from an area where there is more water to an area where there is less water.

A) filtration
B) endocytosis
C) an ATP-driven pump
D) osmosis

Answer 1

osmosis

Question 2

Which of the following is considered the control center of the cell?

A) mitochondrion
B) nucleus
C) lysosome
D) centriole

Answer 2

nucleus

Question 3

Which of the following is most associated with the ribosome?

A) ATP production
B) intracellular housecleaning
C) glycogen storage
D) protein synthesis

Answer 3

protein synthesis

Question 4

These hairlike structures are located on the outer surface of the cell membrane.

A) mitochondria
B) ribosomes
C) cilia
D) centrioles

Question 5

A beaker is divided into two compartments by a semipermeable membrane.Compartment A contains a 20% NaCl solution while compartment B contains a 50% NaCl solution.The membrane is permeable to both water and Na⁺ and Cl-.Initially,

A) Na⁺ and Cl- diffuse from compartment B to compartment A.
B) water diffuses from compartment B to compartment A.
C) Na⁺ and Cl- diffuse from compartment A to compartment B.
D) Na⁺ diffuses from compartment A to compartment B while Cl- diffuses from compartment B to compartment A.

Question 6

This extensive internal membrane system forms channels and is concerned with the synthesis of protein and steroids.

A) mitochondria
B) lysosomes
C) endoplasmic reticulum
D) DNA

Question 7

The rough ER is the site of

A) fatty acid and steroid synthesis.
B) Krebs cycle activity.
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C) protein synthesis.
D) intracellular water storage.

Question 8

A beaker is divided into two compartments by a semipermeable membrane.Compartment A contains a 20% NaCl solution while compartment B contains a 50% NaCl solution.The membrane is permeable to water but not to Na? or Cl-.At equilibrium,the

A) volume of water in compartment A will be greater than the volume in compartment B.
B) volume in both compartments A and B will be equal.
C) concentration of compartment A will decrease.
D) volume in compartment B will be greater than the volume in compartment A.

Question 9

Lysosomes are filled with

A) powerful enzymes that destroy cellular debris and pathogens.
B) cilia.
C) DNA.
D) blood.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the power or driving force for active transport?

A) ATP
B) pressure
C) DNA
D) H⁺

Question 11

What is the name of the process in which an intracellular protein-containing vesicle fuses with the cell membrane and expels the protein to the outside of the cell?

A) endocytosis
B) pinocytosis
C) exocytosis
D) phagocytosis

Question 12

Which word means "the bursting of red blood cells"?

A) endocytosis
B) hemolysis
C) crenation
D) catalyst

Question 13

Which of the following is found on the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

A) ribosomes
B) cilia
C) lysosomes
D) DNA

Question 14

The mitochondrion is called the power plant of the cell because

A) most of the ATP is produced within the mitochondrion.
B) all protein synthesis occurs within the mitochondrion.
C) all DNA is located within the mitochondrion.
D) all ribosomes are located within the mitochondrion.

Question 15

Identify the transport mechanism: a passive process that uses a carrier molecule to move a solute from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

A) osmosis
B) an ATP-driven pump
C) filtration
D) facilitated diffusion

Question 16

Which process describes phagocytosis and pinocytosis?

A) facilitated diffusion
B) endocytosis
C) filtration
D) exocytosis

Question 17

A beaker is divided into two compartments by a semipermeable membrane.Compartment A contains a 20% NaCl solution while compartment B contains a 50% NaCl solution.The membrane is permeable to both water and Na⁺ and Cl-.At equilibrium,the

A) volume in compartment A will be greater than the volume in compartment B.
B) volume in compartment B will be greater than the volume in compartment A.
C) concentrations and volumes will be the same in both compartments.
D) the concentration of salt is greater in compartment A than in compartment B.

Question 18

A beaker is divided into two compartments by a semipermeable membrane.Compartment A contains a 20% NaCl solution while compartment B contains a 50% NaCl solution.The membrane is permeable to water but not to Na⁺ or Cl⁻ .Initially,

A) water diffuses from compartment B to compartment A.
B) Na⁺ diffuses from compartment B to compartment A.
C) Na⁺ diffuses from compartment A to compartment B.
D) water diffuses from compartment A to compartment B.

Question 19

If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution such as water,the cell will

A) crenate.
B) shrink.
C) swell and burst.
D) differentiate.

Question 20

Identify the transport mechanism: a passive process that uses a pressure difference as its driving force.

A) facilitated diffusion
B) an ATP-driven pump
C) diffusion
D) filtration

Question 21

Which structure is described as a semipermeable lipid bilayer?

A) lysosome
B) mitochondrion
C) ribosome
D) cell membrane

Question 22

Which of the following is a gel-like substance located inside the cell,but outside the nucleus?

A) nucleoplasm
B) isotonic saline
C) cytoplasm
D) lysosomal enzymes

Question 23

G1,G2,the S phase,and the M phase are phases of

A) the cell cycle.
B) mitosis.
C) protein synthesis.
D) the cell cycle that are specific to cancer cells.

Question 24

Oxygen moves from the lungs (high concentration)into the blood (low concentration)in response to

A) filtration.
B) osmosis.
C) diffusion.
D) endocytosis.

Question 25

Which of the following best describes normal saline?

A) radioactive
B) hemolytic to red blood cells
C) isotonic
D) crenating to red blood cells

Question 26

Which type of solution causes crenation or shrinkage of submerged red blood cells?

A) hypotonic
B) isotonic
C) hypertonic
D) water

Question 27

Which structure puts the finishing touches on and packages the protein for export from the cell?

A) mitochondrion
B) Golgi apparatus
C) lysosome
D) nucleolus

Question 28

Which of the following structures make the rough endoplasmic reticulum look like sandpaper?

A) ribosomes
B) globs of cytoplasm
C) ATP
D) fragments of DNA

Question 29

Perfume the skunk makes his presence known by

A) filtration.
B) osmosis.
C) active transport.
D) diffusion.

Question 30

Which of the following most accurately describes diffusion?

A) ATP-driven
B) passive transport
C) requires a pressure or pushing force
D) causes a solute to move uphill

Question 31

Which of the following best describes the eating of a bacterium by a lysosome?

A) differentiation
B) phagocytosis
C) meiosis
D) hemolysis

Question 32

Which structure is described as rough or smooth?

A) ribosome
B) mitochondrion
C) cilia
D) endoplasmic reticulum

Question 33

Prophase,metaphase,anaphase,and telophase are phases of

A) active transport.
B) mitosis.
C) differentiation.
D) pinocytosis.

Question 34

In which structure is most DNA found?

A) nucleus
B) mitochondrion
C) lysosome
D) Golgi apparatus

Question 35

Pinocytosis

A) is a passive process.
B) requires a pressure gradient as its driving force.
C) refers to cellular drinking.
D) is a form of exocytosis.

Question 36

Which process describes the pushing of water across the capillary (blood vessel)membrane?

A) facilitated diffusion
B) osmosis
C) filtration
D) pinocytosis