Deck 64: The Endocrine Pancreas

Question 1

The m ain eff ec t of ins ulin is

A) Reduction in plasma [glucose]
B) Production of ketone bodies
C) Fo rm atio n o f m eta bo lic a cid os is
D) Breaking down glycogen
E) Bre ak ing do wn f ats

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Ins ulin is s ec re ted by p an cr ea tic

A) Ex oc rin e c ells
B) a ce lls
C) þ cells
D) ð ce lls
E) None of the above

Answer 2

C

Question 3

The m echanism of insulin action involves activation of

A) Adenylyl cyclase
B) Phospholipase C
C) Tyrosine receptor kinase
D) Proteases
E) Lig an d- ga ted ch an ne ls

Answer 3

C

Question 4

The m ain stim ulu s f or glu ca go n re lea se is

A) Hyp og lycem ia
B) Ac ido sis
C) Alk alo sis
D) K+ an d a cid os is
E) Low stores of glycogen

Question 5

Oral hypoglycemic agents such as tolbutamide and glyburide

A) Mimic insulin actions by Increasing GLUT -4 in peripheral tissues
B) Increase insulin secretion by inhibiting the K ATP channel
C) Increase insulin action by sensitizing the insulin receptor
D) Phosphorylate IRS in target tissues
E) Bind to the sulfate receptor

Question 6

The chem ical nature of insulin is best described as

A) A s ing le p olyp ep tide ch ain
B) A steroid
C) Two polypeptide chains covalently linked by disulfide bonds
D) Two subunits, an a and þ chain, and the þ chain is glycosylated
E) A tripeptide

Question 7

Lack of insulin synthesis and secretion produces

A) Type I diabetes mellitus
B) Type II diabetes mellitus
C) Diabetes insipidus
D) H ypo glyc em ia
E) Ob esity

Question 8

The effects of insulin include

A) Incr eas ing glu co se u pta ke b y pe riph eral tis su es, p articu larly fa t an d m us cle
B) Increasing liver glyc og en olys is
C) Increasing lipo lysis
D) A and B are correct
E) All of the above are correct

Question 9

Insulin secretion is stimulated mainly by

A) H ypo glyc em ia
B) Hyp erg lycem ia
C) H ype rlipid em ia
D) H ypo lipid em ia
E) Fructose

Question 10

The m ain target for glucagon is the

A) Bone marrow
B) Bone cells (osteoclasts)
C) Br ain
D) Liver
E) M us cle

Question 11

The islets of La nge rhan s se cre te

A) Glucagon
B) Trypsinogen
C) Ins ulin
D) PTH
E) Both A and C are correct

Question 12

G luc ag on is s ec re ted by p an cr ea tic

A) Ex oc rin e c ells
B) a cells
C) þ ce lls
D) ð ce lls
E) None of the above

Question 13

Ins ulin

A) Increases the insertion of GLUT 2 in peripheral tissues apical membrane
B) Increases the insertion of GLUT4 in peripheral tissues basolateral membrane
C) Increases the oxidative potential of cells by upregulating TCA cycle enzymes
D) Generally promotes catabolism and protein wasting
E) Promotes death of tissues rather than survival

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT secreted by the islets of Langerhans

A) So m ato sta tin
B) C peptide
C) Glucagon
D) Trypsinogen
E) Ins ulin