Deck 51: Anatomy and Renal Overview

Question 1

R en in

A) Cleaves angiotensinogen to angiotensin I
B) Clea ves ang iotens in I to an gioten sin II
C) Release aldosterone
D) Causes vasoconstriction
E) Retains Na+

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following does NOT cause renin release?

A) Renal sympathetic stimulation
B) Decre ased affere nt arteriole pressu re
C) Decreased distal tubule [Na+]
D) Decreased aldosterone
E) None of the above

Answer 2

D

Question 3

The juxtaglomerular apparatus includes

A) G lom er ulu s a nd Bo wm an 's c ap su le
B) Afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole and thick ascending limb of the Loop of Henle
C) Af fe re nt a rte rio le, e ffe re nt a rte rio le a nd thin lim b o f th e L oo p o f H en le
D) Glomerulus and macula densa
E) Bo wm an 's c ap su le a nd pro xim al tu bu le

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Besides making urine, the kidneys do which of the following:

A) Synthesize vitamin D (cholecalciferol) in response to sunlight
B) R ele as e o f th e h or m on e th ro m bo po ietin
C) Degrade circulating hormo nes
D) Formation of angiotensinogen
E) Secretes aldosterone

Question 5

The tube leading from the kidney to the urinary bladder is the

A) Ureter
B) Urethra
C) Connecting duct
D) Collecting duct
E) Fallopian tube

Question 6

An gio ten sin co nv er ting en zym e

A) Cleaves angiotensinogen to angiotensin I
B) Cle av es a ng iote ns in I to ang iote ns in II
C) Release aldosterone
D) Causes vasoconstriction
E) Retains Na+

Question 7

Which o f th e fo llow ing is N O T a fu nc tion of t he kid ne y?

A) Activation of vitamin D to form 1,25 dihydroxy cholecalciferol
B) G luc on eo ge ne sis
C) Degradation of hormones
D) Secretion of angiotensinogen
E) Se cr etio n o f er ythr op oie tin

Question 8

The renal arterial blood comes from the

A) Vena c ava
B) Abdo mina l aorta
C) Splanchnic circulation
D) Hepa tic artery
E) Thoracic aorta

Question 9

The glomerulus lies between

A) Efferent arteriole and peritubular capillaries
B) Affe rent a rteriole a nd v asa recta
C) Affere nt a rterio le an d ef fere nt a rterio le
D) Interlobar artery and radial artery
E) Cortical and juxtamedullary nephrons

Question 10

Bowm an's capsule

A) Cov ers the glo me rulus an d collects the ultrafiltrate
B) C ov er s th e o ute rm os t laye r of the kid ne ys
C) Makes the urine
D) Is involved in the final concentration of the urine
E) Is continuous with the peritubular capillaries

Question 11

The vasa recta arise from

A) The afferent arteriole of cortical nephrons
B) The efferent arteriole of cortical nephrons
C) The radial artery
D) The efferent arteriole of juxtamedullary nephrons
E) The peritubular capillaries of cortical nephrons

Question 12

Renin is released from

A) Gr an ule c ells in the affe ren t arte riole
B) Mesang ial cells in the JGA
C) Cells in the glomerulus
D) Granule cells in the macula densa
E) T he pro xim al tu bu le

Question 13

The peritubular capillaries perfuse

A) T he pro xim al tu bu le o nly
B) T he dis tal tu bu le o nly
C) Bo th p rox im al an d d istal tu bu le
D) The glomerulus
E) T he m ed ulla

Question 14

Blood flow through the aggregate afferent arterioles (the sum of all the blood flow through the affe rent a rterioles ) is app rox im ately eq ual to

A) blo od flow thr ou gh the ag gr eg ate eff er en t ar ter iole
B) blo od flow thro ug h th e ren al ve in
C) blood flow through the peritubular capillaries
D) bloo d flow throu gh th e va sa re cta
E) the sum of blood flow through the vasa recta and efferent arterioles

Question 15

The afferent arterioles arise from the

A) Interlobar arteries
B) Arcuate arteries
C) Rena l artery
D) Radial arteries
E) Va sa re cta

Question 16

The descending vasa recta perfuse the

A) pr ox im al tu bu le a nd dis tal tu ble
B) pr ox im al tu bu le o nly
C) dis tal tu bu le o nly
D) m ed ulla
E) collecting duct

Question 17

The m acula densa

A) Senses [Na+] in th e dis tal tu bu le fluid
B) D ire ctly r ele as e re nin
C) Reabsorbs Na+ in th e p ro xim al tu bu le
D) C re ate s a n o sm otic gra die nt f ro m co rte x to m ed ulla
E) Contains aldosterone

Question 18

The pro xim al tubu le con nec ts

A) distal tubule with collecting duct
B) loop of Henle with collecting duct
C) Bo w m an 's ca ps ule w ith th e loo p o f He nle
D) Bo wm an 's c ap su le w ith d ista l tub ule
E) loo p o f H en le w ith d ista l tub ule