Deck 5: Energy Balance

Question 1

Energy contained in foods and used in the body is measured in:
1) Milligrams
2) Grams
3) Cubic centimeters
4) Kilocalories

Answer 1

4

Question 2

Resting energy expenditure (REE) differs by as much as which percentage between men and women due to differences in body composition?
1) 3
2) 5
3) 7
4) 10

Answer 2

4

Question 3

Complete the following equation: protein + oxygen = ______ + water + carbon dioxide.
1) Carbohydrate
2) Kilocalories
3) Homeostasis
4) Heat energy

Answer 3

4

Question 4

Alcohol supplies how many kilocalories per gram?
1) 2.2
2) 4
3) 7
4) 9

Question 5

When food is scarce, the human body adapts by ______ energy.
1) Absorbing
2) Increasing
3) Conserving
4) Expending

Question 6

A kilocalorie is the amount of heat required to raise or lower:
1) 1 kg of water 1°C
2) 1 g of water 1°C
3) 1 kg of water 1°F
4) 1 tsp of water 1°F

Question 7

Which of the following has the highest kilocaloric density?
1) Alcohol
2) Carbohydrate
3) Fat
4) Protein

Question 8

A greater energy intake than energy output results in:
1) Diabetes
2) Hyperactivity
3) Anorexia
4) Weight gain

Question 9

A client drinks one-half cup of orange juice, which contains 15 g of carbohydrate. The nurse determines that the client has ingested how many kilocalories?
1) 15
2) 25
3) 60
4) 90

Question 10

Adults require 2% less energy per decade because they:
1) Exercise less than when they were younger
2) Eat more sweets, which are rapidly converted to fat
3) Lose height due to osteoporosis
4) Generally have a higher body fat content

Question 11

After teaching a group of students about exercise, the instructor determines the additional teaching is needed when the group identifies which of the following as an example of aerobic exercise?
1) Cycling
2) Weight lifting
3) Skating
4) Dancing

Question 12

The body uses all of the following for energy except:
1) Minerals
2) Carbohydrates
3) Lipids
4) Alcohol

Question 13

Beta-endorphins are:
1) Relaxants released by the brain in response to exercise
2) Stimulants that permit the athlete to summon maximum effort
3) Natural sedatives occurring in certain pleasurable foods
4) Enzymes necessary to the optimal metabolism and utilization of energy

Question 14

The type of exercise that depends on continuously inspired oxygen is:
1) Aerobic
2) Anaerobic
3) Pulmonary
4) Thermic

Question 15

A nurse would expect that foods containing which of the following would have lower kilocaloric density?
1) Alcohol and fat
2) Carbohydrate and protein
3) Vitamin C and vitamin A
4) Fiber and water

Question 16

A client ingests one cup of canned bean with bacon soup prepared with water, which contains 8 grams of protein, 6 grams of fat, and 23 grams of carbohydrate. The nurse determines that this soup contains how many kilocalories?
1) 148
2) 166
3) 178
4) 247

Question 17

One teaspoon of butter contains 5 grams of fat. How many kilocalories does it contain?
1) 20
2) 35
3) 45
4) 60

Question 18

The component of energy expenditure that increases or decreases with a change in food intake of several days' duration is called:
1) Energy intake
2) Adaptive thermogenesis
3) Energy expenditure
4) Energy balance

Question 19

The tendency of the body to achieve a balanced state is called:
1) Bomb calorimeter
2) Thermic effect
3) Resting energy expenditure
4) Homeostasis

Question 20

The energy cost to extract and utilize the kilocalories and nutrients in foods is called:
1) Adaptive thermogenesis
2) Energy balance
3) Thermic effect of exercise
4) Thermic effect of foods

Question 21

REE is strongly influenced by ______ patterns.
1) Sexual orientation
2) Religious belief
3) Cultural food intake
4) Genetic

Question 22

Eating an excess of only 15 extra kcalories per day for 1 year results in an annual weight gain of ______ pounds.

Question 23

Tips for decreasing the kcaloric density of a diet include:
1) Use low-fat or nonfat dairy products
2) Trim all visible fat from meat before cooking
3) Eat at least four servings of fresh fruit each day
4) Eat at least 2 1/2 servings of vegetables each day

Question 24

Which of the following would least likely be a health benefit associated with anaerobic exercise?
1) Building of muscular strength
2) Lowering of hypertension
3) Improving muscle endurance
4) Building of bone mass

Question 25

Compared with a similar individual with less well-developed muscles, an individual with well-developed muscles:
1) Expends more kcalories to perform a given task
2) Performs physical activity more efficiently
3) Lacks an adaptive response to exercise
4) Expends less kcalories at rest