Deck 7: Minerals

Question 1

Iodine is added to salt in the United States to prevent which deficiency?
1) Pancreatic
2) Adrenal
3) Thyroid
4) Pituitary

Answer 1

3

Question 2

After teaching a client about good sources of potassium, the nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the client states that which of the following is a good source?
1) Cantaloupe
2) Bananas
3) Salmon
4) Winter squash

Answer 2

3

Question 3

Enlargement of the thyroid gland through which the body attempts to increase production of thyroid hormone is referred to as which of the following:
1) Goiter
2) Hypercalcemia
3) Hyperkalemia
4) Plumbism

Answer 3

1

Question 4

The body needs a daily supply of major minerals in amounts of at least ______ mg or more.
1) 50
2) 100
3) 150
4) 200

Question 5

Which of the following laboratory values is in the normal range for a woman?
1) Hemoglobin, 10 g/dL; hematocrit, 46%
2) Hemoglobin, 12 g/dL; hematocrit, 36%
3) Hemoglobin, 17 g/dL; hematocrit, 48%
4) Hemoglobin, 19 g/dL; hematocrit, 58%

Question 6

Calcitriol stimulates the active absorption of phosphorus in the:
1) Stomach and duodenum
2) Duodenum and jejunum
3) Cecum and ascending colon
4) Jejunum and ileum

Question 7

Keshan disease, a cardiomyopathy frequently seen in China, is related to a deficiency or impaired metabolism of:
1) Phosphorus
2) Potassium
3) Selenium
4) Sodium

Question 8

Which of the following minerals is part of the hemoglobin molecule?
1) Calcium
2) Iron
3) Iodine
4) Phosphorus

Question 9

Calcium and ______ combine to give bones and teeth their hardness.
1) Molybdenum
2) Manganese
3) Phosphorus
4) Potassium

Question 10

A nurse assesses for a sign of low levels of ionized calcium in the blood by tapping in front of the ear. The nurse is assessing which of the following?
1) Chvostek's sign
2) Patellar reflex
3) Tinel's sign
4) Trousseau's sign

Question 11

A nurse is assessing a client's hair, skin, and nails. The nurse understands that their shape is influenced by which mineral?
1) Iron
2) Chloride
3) Selenium
4) Sulfur

Question 12

In the United States, ______ is the most common cause of accidental pediatric poisoning deaths in children under age 6 years.
1) Calcium
2) Fluoride
3) Iron
4) Zinc

Question 13

Review of a client's serum potassium level is less 3.5 mEq/L. The nurse identifies this as which of the following?
1) Diabetic acidosis
2) Hypokalemia
3) Hyponatremia
4) Plumbism

Question 14

Minerals are similar to vitamins in that both:
1) Provide no energy
2) Are organic substances
3) Become part of the structure of the body
4) Enter into chemical reactions in the body

Question 15

Iron is best absorbed from which of the following sources?
1) Dark green vegetables and legumes
2) Red meat and oysters
3) Whole-grain products
4) Pharmaceutical supplements

Question 16

Which of the following foods are the best sources of calcium?
1) Spinach, broccoli, and winter squash
2) Apples, bananas, and watermelon
3) Whole-wheat, raisin, and rye breads
4) Salmon, sardines, and clams

Question 17

A client tells the nurse that she doesn't want to change her diet to combat her iron deficiency anemia. "Just let me take the pills," she says. Which of the following replies by the nurse has the best scientific support?
1) "Just be sure to take the pills with food to minimize any diarrhea."
2) "Adding iron rich foods to your diet will provide other nutrients in addition to iron."
3) "Whatever is easiest for you is fine."
4) "Be sure to include two cups of milk in your diet every day."

Question 18

Which of the following would a nurse identify as a trace mineral?
1) Calcium
2) Potassium
3) Sulfur
4) Fluoride

Question 19

Assessment of a client reveals delayed sexual maturation. The nurse would be alert for a deficiency of which of the following?
1) Chloride
2) Cobalt
3) Iron
4) Zinc

Question 20

Alkalosis causes increased protein binding of ionized ______, which results in tetany.
1) Calcium
2) Iodine
3) Iron
4) Phosphorus

Question 21

To help a client increase absorption of iron, which of the following beverages should be encouraged?
1) Coffee
2) Cocoa
3) Orange juice
4) Peppermint tea

Question 22

A nurse is assessing an individual with chromium toxicity. Which of the following would the nurse most likely assess?
1) Nausea and vomiting
2) Metallic taste sensation
3) Weight gain
4) Craving for sugar and sweet foods

Question 23

Associated with milk and cream treatments for gastric ulcers in the past, milk-alkali syndrome now has been reported in which of the following situations?
1) Consuming large amounts of protein foods
2) Overindulging in caffeine-containing soft drinks
3) Ingesting calcium carbonate tablets to prevent osteoporosis
4) Restricting fluid intake to 1000 mL/day

Question 24

A client is diagnosed with hemosiderosis. The nurse understands that this is an accumulation of which of the following in the tissues, especially the liver and spleen?
1) Cobalt
2) Copper
3) Iron
4) Zinc

Question 25

The nurse cautions a client about using supplemental zinc based on the understanding that this mineral can interfere with absorption of which of the following minerals?
1) Copper and iron
2) Sodium and potassium
3) Calcium and phosphorus
4) Iodine and fluoride