Deck 9: Feedback in the Writing Process

Question 1

Internal feedback cannot come from anyone other than the author.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Focus groups always take place in a physical setting.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Lack of access to a computer is a reality for most of the world's population.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Not all forms of feedback have value.

Question 5

The communication process needs a source and a receiver, even if those roles alternate and blur.

Question 6

Written communication is often chosen as the preferred format of feedback.

Question 7

If qualitative research explores "what," quantitative research explores "how" and "why."

Question 8

The grapevine is the unofficial, formal communication network within an organization.

Question 9

Actual feedback from the intended audience is rare.

Question 10

Where a quantitative research project may involve a dozen interviews, a qualitative one would involve hundreds or thousands.

Question 11

Hits have largely been credited as a reliable measure of a document's effectiveness, popularity, and audience size.

Question 12

An interview involves an interviewer, an interviewee, and a series of questions.

Question 13

Interference-internal or external-is rarely present in the communication process.

Question 14

Page views are frequently cited documents.

Question 15

Closed questions give expression of creative ideas and can lead to valuable insights for the writer.

Question 16

If your writing is technically correct and polished, it is perfectly satisfactory for any kind of reading audience.

Question 17

Assessment of feedback from the receiver is part of a writer's responsibility.

Question 18

Direct feedback can be both verbal and nonverbal.

Question 19

In the late 1990s, most business documents were electronic documents.

Question 20

Information that is not current serves useful purposes, but often requires qualification on why it is relevant.

Question 21

All of the following about direct feedback is true except _____.

A) it can be both verbal and nonverbal
B) it may involve signs, symbols, words, or sounds that are difficult to understand
C) the ability to identify direct feedback can be a significant challenge
D) direct feedback for the writer is often less obvious
E) it is a rare moment when direct feedback is not immediately available

Question 22

Feedback is not always productive, but it is always constructive.

Question 23

This feedback is generated by the source in response to the message created by that same source.

A) External
B) Tactile
C) Indirect
D) Internal
E) Direct

Question 24

_____ feedback is a response that comes from the receiver.

A) Indirect
B) Tactile
C) Direct
D) External
E) Internal

Question 25

Interpretive feedback is the most common type of feedback.

Question 26

The _____ is the unofficial, informal communication network within an organization.

A) jargon
B) rhetoric
C) doublespeak
D) slang
E) grapevine

Question 27

Which of the following about the grapevine is not true?

A) It involves information that is indirect.
B) It includes information that is speculative.
C) It involves information that is immediately verifiable.
D) It is characterized by rumor, gossip, and innuendo.
E) It is the unofficial, informal communication network within an organization.

Question 28

"Statistically significant findings" is a research term that is rarely used and commonly misunderstood.

Question 29

_____ feedback is a response that does not directly come from the receiver or source.

A) Tactile
B) Indirect
C) Internal
D) Direct
E) External

Question 30

The degree to which an instrument gives the same measurement each and every time with the same subjects, in the same context, is a measure of its validity.

Question 31

Inter-rater reliability involves the degree to which each evaluator evaluates the same in similar contexts.

Question 32

Suppose you have written an article about a new product. Your company has developed an advertising campaign introducing the product to the market and has added it to their online sales menu. Once your article has been reviewed and posted, it is accessed online by a reader in another country who is currently researching products that fall within your product range. That reader sees a banner ad displayed across the header of the Web page, with the name of your company prominently displayed in the reader's native language. Ads of this nature are called _____ ads.

A) psychologically irrelevant
B) contextually relevant
C) behaviorally nonrelevant
D) channel nonrelevant
E) interference awareness

Question 33

Probing feedback may appear on the surface to be less than diplomatic.

Question 34

Writing is a form of one-way communication.

Question 35

One way you can address the value of validity is to cite all your sources clearly.

Question 36

Which of the following about indirect feedback is false?

A) The fact that the information is not communicated directly implies that it does not have value.
B) Comments, e-mails, and information from individuals within the organization about what customers have told them are all sources of indirect feedback.
C) The fact that the information is not communicated directly may limit its use or reliability.
D) It comes indirectly from the receiver or source.
E) The receiver may receive the message and become the source of the response, but they may not communicate that response directly to the author.

Question 37

As a skilled communicator, you can recognize the types of feedback you are likely to receive from readers and can recognize that your readers may also desire feedback.

Question 38

What is the final step in the communication process?

A) Context
B) Interference
C) Feedback
D) Message
E) Channel

Question 39

_____ is defined as a receiver's response to a source.

A) Feedback
B) Context
C) Interference
D) Channel
E) Message

Question 40

Supportive feedback communicates encouragement in response to a message.

Question 41

Identify the incorrect statement regarding user-generated feedback.

A) Getting your content to a hub position, and including authoritative references, is a great way to make your content more relevant to your readers.
B) Trying to facilitate endless discussions may be engaging and generate feedback, but may not translate into success.
C) If your content provides what readers are looking for, you may see your page views and effectiveness increase.
D) Customer reviews and similar forms of user-generated content are increasingly common across the Internet.
E) Your goal as a business writer is to meet the employer's expectations rather than the audience's expectations in a clear and concise way.

Question 42

Which of the following about focus groups is false?

A) Forums and other virtual gatherings allow groups to come together across time and distance to discuss specific topics.
B) Normally focus groups take place in a physical setting.
C) They involve a representative sample of individuals, brought together to represent a smaller group.
D) A Web camera, a microphone, and an Internet connection are all it takes to bring individuals together.
E) They will increasingly gather via computer-mediated technologies in the future as the costs of bringing people together for a traditional meeting increase.

Question 43

_____ are documents with many links.

A) Page ranks
B) Authority pages
C) Hubs
D) Cookies
E) Web pages

Question 44

_____ feedback involves a response from the receiver.

A) Tactile
B) External
C) Indirect
D) Internal
E) Explicit

Question 45

According to the text, which of the following is a better characteristic to focus on when considering who may need to receive a letter in -copy form?

A) Age
B) Gender
C) Socioeconomic status
D) Religion
E) Race

Question 46

Quantitative research focuses on quantity in the sense of _____.

A) "what is involved in making a really good attempt?"
B) "how do people respond when they learn of your situation?"
C) "how does it feel?"
D) "how many customers?"
E) "what is it like?"

Question 47

Interviews:

A) take very little time.
B) can easily be scaled up to address large numbers of readers.
C) are most often conducted with a big audience.
D) provide an author with the opportunity to ask questions of, and receive responses from, audience members.
E) involve a representative sample of individuals, brought together to represent a larger group or audience.

Question 48

_____ are small, time-encoded files that identify specific users.

A) Viruses
B) Hubs
C) Page views
D) Cookies
E) Web pages

Question 49

Internal feedback:

A) is limited in its use and reliability.
B) starts with you, the author.
C) involves a response from the receiver.
D) is a response that does not directly come from the receiver or source.
E) cannot come from anyone other than the author.

Question 50

When a browser, like Internet Explorer or Firefox, receives a file from a Web server, it is considered a _____.

A) hit
B) hub
C) boot
D) loop
E) mod

Question 51

The measurements of the estimated number of viewers is called _____.

A) time to progression
B) completion rates
C) participation rates
D) ratings
E) response rates

Question 52

_____ is the number of replies in relation to the number of letters sent.

A) Time to progression
B) Completion rate
C) Participation rate
D) Survival rate
E) Response rate

Question 53

A computer dedicated to serving the online requests for information via the Internet is called a _____.

A) Webmaster
B) Web server
C) Web crawler
D) Web browser
E) Webmin

Question 54

Which of the following is false regarding external feedback in a virtual environment?

A) A Web server receives a request from the user and sends the files associated with the page.
B) Every Web page contains several files including graphics, images, and text.
C) Each file request and receipt between server and browser counts as a hit, regardless of how many files each page contains.
D) Your document could have quite a few hits with just one page request and only one viewer.
E) Hits have largely been credited as a reliable measure of a document's effectiveness, popularity, and audience size.

Question 55

Which of the following about closed questions is true?

A) They require a simple yes or no to respond.
B) They give respondents complete freedom to write their thoughts.
C) They promote the expression of new and creative ideas.
D) They can lead to valuable insights for the writer.
E) They are difficult to tabulate as "votes."

Question 56

Which of the following about Jon Kleinberg's HITS is false?

A) It has become a popular and effective way to rate Web pages.
B) It ranks documents by the links within the document.
C) It presumes that a good document is one that incorporates and references other Web documents.
D) It provides links to other Web documents while also being frequently cited by other documents.
E) It uses small, time-encoded files to identify specific users.

Question 57

Qualitative research focuses on quality in the sense of _____.

A) "what is it like?"
B) "how many customers?"
C) "what percentage?"
D) "do most people like or dislike a product feature?"
E) "how many times is a product used?"

Question 58

_____ are frequently cited documents.

A) Cookies
B) Authority pages
C) Hubs
D) Hits
E) Web pages

Question 59

Which of the following is false regarding internal feedback?

A) If your writing is technically correct and polished, it is perfectly satisfactory for any kind of reading audience.
B) Correctness involves accuracy: questions concerning true, false, and somewhere in between.
C) Writing correctly includes providing current, up-to-date information.
D) Most business documents place an emphasis on the time-sensitivity of the information.
E) Information that is not current serves useful purposes, but often requires qualification on why it is relevant, with particular attention to a current context.

Question 60

_____ are a count of how many times a Web page is viewed, irrespective of the number of files it contains.

A) Hits
B) Hubs
C) Page views
D) Page rankings
E) Web pages

Question 61

_____ feedback communicates encouragement in response to a message.

A) Interpretive
B) Supportive
C) Probing
D) Understanding
E) Evaluative

Question 62

_____ feedback allows the speaker to hear a clear demonstration of feedback that confirms that the message was understood or needs correction.

A) Interpretive
B) Supportive
C) Probing
D) Understanding
E) Evaluative

Question 63

What is quantitative research? Where is it often used?

Question 64

_____ involves the strength of conclusions, inferences or assertions.

A) Validity
B) Consistency
C) Reliability
D) Constancy
E) Determination

Question 65

What are hubs and authority pages? Explain the relationship of hubs and authority.

Question 66

The degree to which an instrument gives the same measurement each and every time with the same subjects, in the same context, is a measure of its _____.

A) determination
B) arbitrariness
C) validity
D) reliability
E) unpredictability

Question 67

_____ is the consistency of your measurements.

A) Arbitrariness
B) Reliability
C) Validity
D) Determination
E) Randomness

Question 68

_____ research involves interactions, which by their very nature are subject to interpretation and, as a result, are less reliable and statistically valid.

A) Secondary
B) Mixed-methods
C) Quantitative
D) Assessable
E) Qualitative

Question 69

What is qualitative research? What kind of questions does qualitative research answer?

Question 70

Which of the following about quantitative research is true?

A) It is rarely used to test a hypothesis.
B) You may ask an open-ended question like "What does the wine taste like?"
C) It may involve a maximum of a dozen interviews.
D) It normally involves large volumes of data.
E) It involves investigative methods that cross subjects and academic disciplines to gain in-depth information.

Question 71

This type of feedback is the most common and often involves judgment of the writer and his/her ethos.

A) Interpretive
B) Supportive
C) Probing
D) Understanding
E) Evaluative

Question 72

What is internal feedback? As the author, how can you insure the content of your writing is correct?

Question 73

Which of the following about qualitative research is true?

A) It explores the "what."
B) It handles large audiences well.
C) It explores the "how" and the "why."
D) It allows for in-depth interpersonal interviews which produce insignificant results.
E) It involves hundreds or thousands of interviews.

Question 74

Compare and contrast internal feedback and external feedback.

Question 75

_____ are those that have a high level of reliability, in that if the same test is applied in the same context to the same subjects, the results will come out the same time and time again.

A) Internal consistency results
B) Quantitative research findings
C) Representative conclusions
D) Contextually relevant results
E) Statistically significant findings

Question 76

_____ involves the degree to which each evaluator evaluates the same in similar contexts.

A) Statistically significant findings
B) Test-retest reliability
C) Inter-rater reliability
D) Quantitative research
E) Internal consistency reliability

Question 77

According to Thomas Cook and Dan Campbell, _____ is often the best available approximation of the truth or falseness of an inference, proposition, or conclusion.

A) determination
B) constancy
C) consistency
D) reliability
E) validity

Question 78

Which of the following about research methodologies is false?

A) They are used to address and improve poorly worded questions.
B) They help the investigator match the research goal to the method.
C) Advertisers often conduct research to learn more about preference and attitudes.
D) There is a tendency for some attitudinal and preferential research that may be more accurately described as quantitative, to be described in qualitative terms.
E) As an astute business writer, you will be able to understand pre- and post-product, or service research investigations and distinguish between the two main approaches.

Question 79

_____ involve examining and evaluating the methods used in investigation or soliciting feedback.

A) Probing feedbacks
B) Face-detracting strategies
C) Research methodologies
D) Face-saving strategies
E) Mixed-methods

Question 80

_____ research involves investigation and analysis of data and relationships between data that can be represented by numbers.

A) Secondary
B) Qualitative
C) Quantitative
D) Assessable
E) Mixed-methods