Deck 19: Microbial Diseases of the Skin and Wounds

Question 1

All of the following can be caused by Staphylococcus aureus EXCEPT:

A) a sty.
B) impetigo.
C) a carbuncle.
D) erysipelas.
E) scalded skin syndrome.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

Impetigo can be caused by

A) Streptococcus pyogenes.
B) Staphylococcus epidermidis.
C) Staphylococcus aureus.
D) Both A and C are correct.
E) Both B and C are correct.

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Doxycycline and benzoyl peroxide are used to treat

A) acne.
B) bacteremia.
C) cat scratch disease.
D) RMSF.
E) swimmer's ear.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

"Pox" is a term synonymous with which of the following?

A) a papule
B) a macule
C) a vesicle
D) a pustule
E) a whitlow

Question 5

Normal skin microbiota are able to grow on the skin because of their resistance to

A) sebum.
B) salt.
C) keratin.
D) Both A and B are correct.
E) A, B, and C are correct.

Question 6

Transovarian transmission is a process by which

A) an infected female vector transmits a pathogen to the eggs in its ovaries.
B) a pathogen infects the ovaries of its host.
C) a pathogen is transmitted from an infected male to a healthy female during mating.
D) a pathogen is spread from host to host by unprotected sexual intercourse.
E) a pathogen is transmitted through the ingestion of contaminated eggs.

Question 7

Strains of S. pyogenes that cause necrotizing fasciitis produce all of the following virulence factors EXCEPT:

A) deoxyribonucleases.
B) elastase.
C) exotoxin A.
D) streptokinases.
E) streptolysin S.

Question 8

The skin serves all of the following functions EXCEPT:

A) allows passage of biologically important molecules.
B) provides a barrier against invading microbes.
C) prevents excessive water loss.
D) participates in temperature regulation.
E) assists in vitamin D production.

Question 9

What is the pathogenic process underlying Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

A) cellular damage via potent exotoxins
B) stimulation of a strong immune response
C) formation of biofilms in host tissues
D) interference with host cell metabolism
E) damage to blood vessels

Question 10

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is caused by

A) exfoliative toxins.
B) staphylokinase.
C) coagulase.
D) lipase.
E) beta- lactamase.

Question 11

Anthrax derives its name from which of the following aspects of the disease?

A) the microscopic appearance of its cells
B) the shape of B. anthracis colonies on agar
C) the appearance of eschars on the skin
D) the necessity of burning animals killed by the disease
E) the shape of its endospores

Question 12

One feature that differentiates Staphylococcus aureus from other staphylococci is its

A) slime layer production.
B) beta- lactamase production.
C) coagulase production.
D) Both A and B are correct.
E) Both B and C are correct.

Question 13

Erysipelas is caused by

A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
B) Staphylococcus aureus.
C) Bartonella henselae.
D) Streptococcus pyogenes.
E) Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Question 14

An infection of a hair follicle at the base of an eyelid is called a

A) macule.
B) pimple.
C) carbuncle.
D) sty.
E) furuncle.

Question 15

The resistance of Pseudomonas to a wide variety of antimicrobial drugs is due, in part, to its

A) production of pyocyanin.
B) ability to utilize a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources.
C) ability to grow in almost any moist environment.
D) ability to form biofilms.
E) production of exoenzyme S.

Question 16

All of the following diseases are caused by poxviruses EXCEPT:

A) smallpox.
B) orf.
C) cowpox.
D) monkeypox.
E) chickenpox.

Question 17

Petechiae are subcutaneous hemorrhages associated with which of the following?

A) anthrax
B) herpes gladiatorum
C) smallpox
D) RMSF
E) necrotizing fasciitis

Question 18

Cat scratch disease is caused by

A) Staphylococcus aureus.
B) Bartonella henselae.
C) Rickettsia rickettsii.
D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
E) Streptococcus pyogenes.

Question 19

Smallpox was the first human disease to be

A) treated with antiviral drugs.
B) identified as a viral disease.
C) globally eradicated.
D) re- created in an experimental animal.
E) analyzed and studied on the genetic level.

Question 20

Virulent strains of Staphylococcus aureus can resist penicillin because they produce

A) lipase.
B) a slime layer.
C) staphylokinase.
D) coagulase.
E) beta- lactamase.

Question 21

"Ringworm" is caused by

A) a hypersensitivity reaction caused by superficial contact with dermatophytes.
B) dermatophytes growing in the upper dead tissue layers of the skin.
C) immunosuppression due to HIV infection.
D) dermatophytes that have invaded deep layers of the skin.
E) parasitic worms that infect the skin.

Question 22

Humans are the only hosts of Rickettsia rickettsii.

Question 23

M protein is a virulence factor associated with group A streptococci.

Question 24

Which of the following forms of leishmaniasis is NOT fatal?

A) visceral
B) mucocutaneous
C) cutaneous
D) Both A and B are correct.
E) Both B and C are correct.

Question 25

Staphylococcus epidermidis secretes a toxin that dissolves the desmosomes that hold epidermal cells together.

Question 26

Which of the following is NOT an effective treatment for gas gangrene?

A) surgical removal of dead tissue
B) acyclovir
C) oxygen under high pressure
D) antitoxin
E) intravenous penicillin

Question 27

Which of the following can cause birth defects?

A) rubella
B) chickenpox
C) roseola
D) smallpox
E) measles

Question 28

All of the following are characteristics of mycetomas EXCEPT:

A) They can spread to deep tissues and bones.
B) They use keratin as a nutrient.
C) Their treatment involves surgery and long- term antifungal therapy.
D) They are caused by soil fungi.
E) They are transmitted by prick wounds and scrapes.

Question 29

Erythema infectiosum is also known as

A) herpangina.
B) fifth disease.
C) roseola.
D) rubeola.
E) German measles.

Question 30

Which of the following is an incorrect pairing?

A) measles : rubeola
B) herpes zoster : genital warts
C) impetigo : pyodermal
D) German measles : rubella
E) variola : smallpox

Question 31

Acyclovir is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat

A) measles.
B) smallpox.
C) acne.
D) herpes simplex.
E) anthrax.

Question 32

Shingles, or herpes zoster, is caused by the same virus that causes

A) condylomata acuminata.
B) measles.
C) chickenpox.
D) smallpox.
E) German measles.

Question 33

Genital warts are associated with cancers of all of the following EXCEPT:

A) the cervix.
B) the urinary bladder.
C) the penis.
D) the anus.
E) the mouth.

Question 34

Because they are common soil saprobes, dermatophytes are fungi that are not contagious in humans.

Question 35

All of the following can cause chromoblastomycosis EXCEPT:

A) Phialophora verrucosa.
B) Cladophialophora carrionii.
C) Malassezia furfur.
D) Fonsecaea pedrosoi.
E) Fonsecaea compacta.

Question 36

Which of the following is becoming rarer as a result of childhood vaccinations?

A) impetigo
B) subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
C) neonatal herpes
D) warts
E) roseola

Question 37

Ultraviolet illumination is used to diagnose infections of which of the following?

A) Trichosporon beigelii
B) Piedraia hortae
C) Malassezia furfur
D) Leishmania sp.
E) Sarcoptes scabiei

Question 38

Chromoblastomycosis is rarely a severe disease and can be treated easily with appropriate drugs.

Question 39

Sporotrichosis is more commonly known as

A) herpangina.
B) white piedra.
C) scabies.
D) rose- gardener's disease.
E) ringworm.

Question 40

All of the following are true statements concerning warts EXCEPT:

A) They are usually found in particular areas of the body.
B) They usually develop over a few years' time.
C) The viruses that cause warts are stable outside the body.
D) Most types of warts are difficult to prevent.
E) The viruses that cause warts often remain latent in neighboring cells.

Question 41

Aspirin should never be given to children or adolescents with symptoms of chickenpox because of the risk of developing .

Question 42

Streptococci that secrete enzymes and toxins capable of destroying muscle and fat tissue cause a disease formally known as .

Question 43

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis is also known as kala- azar and is fatal in 95% of untreated cases.

Question 44

Herpangina are characteristic lesions of the mouth and pharynx associated with the virus.

Question 45

In pregnant women, roseola infection can result in teratogenic birth defects.

Question 46

The presence of Koplik's spots are sufficient for a diagnosis of _ .

Question 47

warts occur on the fingers or toes.

Question 48

is transmitted through the bite of infected sand flies.

Question 49

Miticide lotions can be used to treat .

Question 50

Chickenpox and are caused by the same virus.

Question 51

Localization of lesions within a band of skin on one side of the body is a characteristic of the disease .

Question 52

Herpes simplex infections can be controlled with chemotherapeutic agents.

Question 53

is the most common microbe associated with burn wound infections.

Question 54

The childhood disease produces a facial rash that can sometimes be misinterpreted as slap marks.

Question 55

"Three- day measles" is caused by the virus.

Question 56

Smallpox vaccination was originally discontinued in the 1980s because of adverse effects of the vaccine.

Question 57

Piedra is normally associated with scalp hair, although facial and pubic hair can also be infected.

Question 58

Immunization with provides protection against smallpox.

Question 59

dermatophytes are transmitted by contact with animals or contaminated animal products.

Question 60

Superficial fungi produce _ , which allows them to grow on hair, nails, and the outer layers of the skin.

Question 61

Explain the relationship between chickenpox and shingles, paying special attention to the pathogenic processes and transmission of each of these diseases.

Question 62

Describe the natural defenses of the skin that prevent many infections of this area.

Question 63

Describe how various pathogens overcome the natural skin defenses in order to cause disease.

Question 64

Explain why Pseudomonas aeruginosa is described as a "medical puzzle."

Question 65

Explain why smallpox vaccination is still being considered and debated, even though smallpox has been eradicated.