Deck 3: Family, Culture, and Community

Question 1

Twelve-year-old Lacey and her mother are a two-person family. Mother's long-term boyfriend has just moved in with them. What effect will the move have on Lacey?

A) Chances are about 80% that Lacey will be the victim of child abuse.
B) Lacey will almost certainly show an increase in misbehavior at school.
C) If Lacey has a warm, loving relationship with him, she will probably adjust well.
D) When she reaches adulthood, Lacey will probably have trouble forming stable relationships with others.

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Ten-year-old Wayne's father has just moved out of the house, and his parents are in the process of getting a divorce. Three of the following are likely to be true about Wayne. Which one is likely to be false?

A) Wayne's family is probably wealthy rather than poor.
B) Wayne may very well have to move into a smaller home or apartment.
C) Wayne feels anxious and uncertain about what the custody arrangements might be.
D) Despite his parents' frequent arguments in recent months, the news of their impending divorce has caught Wayne by surprise.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Which one of the following examples involving young adolescents reflects an authoritarian parenting style?

A) Kelly's parents are very involved in their own lives and problems and do not provide Kelly with much affection or emotional support.
B) Fern's parents allow her generous leeway in terms of bedtimes, curfews, and choice of friends.
C) Henry's parents have high expectations for him but often ask him for his opinion when they set guidelines for acceptable behavior.
D) Molly's parents are very strict, letting her know their high expectations and imposing strong penalties for failing or breaking their rules.

Answer 3

D

Question 4

Culture has a pervasive influence on child development. Which one of the following best describes the general nature of a culture?

A) The behaviors and beliefs that characterize a social group
B) A group of people who live in the same geographical region
C) A group of people who share the same religious background
D) The art and artifacts associated with a social group

Question 5

Imagine that you are a teacher in an American school. If your students are representative of the overall population of American children, then how many of them probably live with two married parents?

A) All but one or two of them
B) About 85% of them
C) About 67% of them
D) Fewer than 30% of them

Question 6

Authoritative parents can best be characterized as having which type of relationship with their children?

A) High expectations, loving support, and shared decision making
B) Few expectations, loving support, and considerable freedom for children to make their own decisions
C) Little emotional support or interest in children's needs
D) High expectations, strict rules, and little give-and-take in decision making

Question 7

Which one of the following best illustrates guided participation as developmental theorists use the term?

A) The father of 18-month-old twins speaks to them in short sentences with simple words, and he responds enthusiastically when they say "papa" or "doggie."
B) As a way of modeling good form, a high school volleyball coach temporarily becomes a player on the court while the junior varsity team practices after school.
C) A middle school physical education teacher gently guides a student's body as she performs a backward roll for the first time.
D) A preschool teacher asks children to help her frost cupcakes for a parent open house and gives them pointers about how much best to apply the frosting.

Question 8

Sixteen-year-old Bernard wants to go on a three-day trip with his friends, some of whom are female He tells his parents about the trip and asks if he can go. If Bernard's parents typically use an authoritarian parenting style, which one of the following responses is most likely?

A) "Absolutely not! Case closed."
B) "Do whatever you want. You're getting old enough to decide for yourself in situations like this."
C) "Let's sit down and discuss this. We're not sure it's a good idea, but we'd like to hear about the details."
D) "We don't think it is a good idea, but if you really want to go, then do it."

Question 9

Ray and Jessica have just adopted a baby girl from Russia. Like them, she has brown eyes and brown hair and could easily pass as their biological child. As she grows older, they can best foster her social-emotional development by:

A) Pretending she's their biological child
B) Waiting until she's 13 or 14 to tell her she's adopted
C) Talking openly about the process they went through to adopt her
D) Telling her she's adopted but explaining that it's best to hide this fact from peers

Question 10

Which one of the following statements is true regarding blended families?

A) Children accept a stepfather more easily than they accept a stepmother.
B) Most children and adolescents adjust well to a blended family situation.
C) Daughters may adjust to a blended family situation, but sons almost never do.
D) Young children usually adjust well to a blended family situation, but adolescents rarely do.

Question 11

Only one of the following statements is true about children whose parents are a gay or lesbian couple. Which one is true?

A) They are apt to have trouble forming intimate relationships as adults.
B) They are likely to suffer mental health and adjustment problems.
C) They are as intelligent and well adjusted as other children.
D) They are highly likely to become homosexual themselves.

Question 12

Which one of the following fifth-grade teachers is most likely to be helpful to children whose parents are getting a divorce?

A) Ms. Brown does not expect Lane to complete all of his assignments. Nor does she bring up his parents' divorce for fear of upsetting him.
B) Mr. Black tells Susan that she can talk to him any time, although he doesn't pry. He continues to hold high expectations for Susan's school performance.
C) Ms. Green gives Scott lots of one-on-one attention during the day. She also relieves him of his usual classroom responsibilities so he won't feel overwhelmed.
D) Mr. White suggests that Deanne work quietly in a spare office across the hall so she can have a "good cry" if she needs to. He excuses her from the class's normal social activities.

Question 13

Which one of the following best describes socialization as developmental theorists typically use the term?

A) Learning and following rules of moral behavior
B) Molding children's behavior so that it is appropriate for their society
C) Interaction with other people, especially peers, in enjoyable activities
D) Acquiring an increasingly complex understanding of interpersonal relationships

Question 14

Which one of the following best illustrates a blended family?

A) After his wife dies, Jim marries Nancy, who helps him take care of his 6-year-old son Peter. Later, they add a newborn baby girl to the family.
B) Seth, who is Jewish, marries Maria Elena, who is Catholic. Together they work out religious beliefs and practices that the two of them will share.
C) Nadia, age 28, marries Marcus, who at age 53 has never been married before. Their friends affectionately call their union a "May-December wedding."
D) Kevin and Lucille adopt two children who were born in other countries. Their son comes from Ecuador, their daughter from Romania.

Question 15

Martha and Desmond are married and raising three children. Which one of the following best illustrates the coparenting aspect of their marriage?

A) They must determine who will take charge of paying the bills each month.
B) They must agree on appropriate consequences when a child misbehaves.
C) Martha typically defers to Desmond's judgment when a crisis arises.
D) They must work hard to keep their intimate moments private.

Question 16

Five-year-old Caroline's parents are getting divorced. Chances are that Caroline:

A) Is in total denial that anything bad is happening to her family
B) Feels relieved that family conflicts will be coming to an end
C) Is quite understanding about why her parents are splitting up
D) Thinks that her own bad behavior caused the divorce

Question 17

Many children of teenage mothers do well. On average, however, these children are at greater risk for three of the following developmental problems. Which one of the following is least likely to be observed in children of teenage mothers?

A) Delayed walking
B) Delayed language skills
C) Lower academic achievement
D) Less emotional attachment to their mothers

Question 18

A community contributes to children's development in three of the following ways. Which one of the following aspects of a community is least likely to have an impact on children's development?

A) A community provides recreational activities.
B) A community has definite geographical boundaries.
C) A community communicates information about what behaviors are acceptable.
D) A community offers support services that assist parents in their parenting efforts.

Question 19

Three of the following statements are typically true of fathers. Which one is not typically true?

A) Fathers can competently feed and bathe their children.
B) Fathers tend to engage children in active physical play.
C) Fathers help children learn to get along with others outside the family.
D) Fathers spend more time than mothers addressing children's physical care.

Question 20

Which one of the following statements reveals a child who is talking about his or her extended family?

A) "I have thirteen brothers and sisters, and I love them all!"
B) "Can I make a Valentine card to send to my grandmother?"
C) "I'm going to spend Thanksgiving with my mom and Hanukkah at my dad's house."
D) "After my parents divorced, my dad moved far away, and I hardly ever see him anymore."

Question 21

Which of the following would most likely not be a core idea in a collectivistic culture?

A) Cooperation
B) Obedience
C) Independence
D) Honor

Question 22

Five-year-old René is easily frustrated and loses control of her emotions. She often comes to school hungry or inappropriately dressed for the weather. You might reasonably suspect that René's parents exhibit a(n) _______ parenting style.

A) permissive
B) uninvolved
C) authoritative
D) authoritarian

Question 23

Three of the following are recommended strategies for getting students' parents involved in school activities. Which one is not recommended?

A) Visit students' families at home if such visits are welcome.
B) Invite parents to share their unique talents with your students.
C) Find people who can interpret for parents who speak little or no English.
D) When divorced parents share custody of a student, communicate primarily with the parent who seems most involved in the student's day-to-day activities.

Question 24

As a teacher, you are apt to find that the parents of some of your students will have little involvement in their children's education. Three of the following statements are accurate with regard to such parents. Which statement is not accurate?

A) Their lack of involvement usually reflects a lack of interest in their child's academic performance.
B) Inadequate child care may prevent them from getting involved in school activities.
C) They may think that they shouldn't bother school personnel with their questions and concerns.
D) They may have had bad experiences at school when they themselves were children.

Question 25

When Ruth and Michael have their first child, Jacob, they vow to be "good" parents who will always treat their son gently. Yet Jacob is a temperamentally hyperactive child who is difficult to control. In their efforts to discipline him, Ruth and Michael scream at him and spank him far more frequently than they ever thought they might. This situation reflects the fact that:

A) The socialization of children involves reciprocal influences.
B) Physically aggressive parenting is instinctive in human beings.
C) Parents are more likely to use harsh discipline with boys than with girls.
D) Two-parent families are more likely to be authoritarian than single-parent families.

Question 26

Three of the following statements are true about diversity in parenting styles. Which one is not necessarily true?

A) Teenage single mothers tend to be more authoritarian than married couples.
B) Authoritarian parenting may be advisable when children live in dangerous neighborhoods.
C) Parents in collectivistic cultures may combine both authoritative and authoritarian styles.
D) Many Asian families set high expectations and firm rules for behavior, but they do so within the context of warm, supportive parent-child relationships.

Question 27

Guided participation refers to the idea that:

A) Parents offer direction and supervision as children engage in everyday adult tasks and routines.
B) Parents arrange for structured activities, both inside and outside the home, that foster academic learning.
C) Parents convey high value for education to children.
D) Parents discuss school activities with children and assist with homework.

Question 28

Ella's mother makes sure that Ella gets three good meals a day, but she constantly ridicules Ella for being too slow or too clumsy during typical day-to-day activities. You worry that Ella's mom is subjecting Ella to:

A) neglect
B) sexual abuse
C) physical abuse
D) emotional abuse

Question 29

Other things being equal, which child is most likely to have come from a home in which parents use an authoritative parenting style?

A) Rhoda is anxious and unhappy.
B) Margaret is impulsive and disobedient.
C) Frank is well-behaved and self-confident.
D) Patrick is selfish and unmotivated.

Question 30

The Adams family has two children, Rita (age 12) and Abby (age 8). Without knowing anything else about these children, we might predict three of the following. Which one are we least likely to predict?

A) Rita is apt to be a role model for Abby.
B) Abby will probably surpass Rita academically.
C) The Adams parents may frequently ask Rita to look after Abby for short periods.
D) When Abby is 12, she may be slightly more skillful in peer interactions than Rita was at age 12.

Question 31

If we extend research findings regarding effective parenting styles to the classroom, teachers in mainstream Western culture would be well advised to:

A) Reward good behavior and ignore inappropriate behavior
B) Insist on strict obedience, with immediate punishment for infractions
C) Establish fair rules and high expectations, and provide affectionate support
D) Allow students to make their own decisions regarding how they should and should not behave in the classroom

Question 32

Parenting styles are different with respect to the degree of control that parents exert over their children. Which parenting style reflects the most control?

A) authoritative
B) authoritarian
C) uninvolved
D) permissive

Question 33

Ten-year-old Vivian's mother is raising her daughter to be self-assertive and to express her needs. In which of the following places is Vivian likely to live?

A) Asia
B) South America
C) Africa
D) Western Europe

Question 34

Imagine that you are a third-grade teacher. Eight-year-old Amanda arrives at school one day with a black eye, several large bruises, and a noticeable limp she didn't have yesterday. When you ask her what happened, she refuses to discuss the situation. You recall that a few months ago she had a broken arm that she attributed only to "being stupid." You suspect child abuse. The most important thing to do is:

A) Report your suspicions to appropriate authorities.
B) Start keeping written records of your observations.
C) Request a meeting with Amanda's parents or other primary caregivers.
D) Be exceptionally caring and supportive in your interactions with Amanda.

Question 35

Five-year-old Stephanie lives with her mother and her mother's boyfriend Frank. Several times a week, Frank fondles Stephanie in his lap while he smokes marijuana and watches pornographic movies. This situation is an example of:

A) Both physical and sexual abuse
B) Both emotional and sexual abuse
C) Poor judgment on Frank's part, but not illegal behavior
D) Not overly troubling because Stephanie will understand and remember little of what she experiences

Question 36

A permissive parenting style is best illustrated by which one of these examples involving high school students?

A) Jack's parents allow him to take part in major family decisions and are proud that he meets their high expectations.
B) Mark's parents don't care if Mark invites friends over while they are out, as long as the group takes reasonable safety precautions and cleans up after activities.
C) Bill's parents love their son and want him to be happy, so they let him decide when he wants to go to school and how late he wants to stay out with friends.
D) Ernie's parents explain why some behaviors are acceptable and some are not because they want him to grow up to be a responsible citizen.

Question 37

Earlier in the evening 8-year-old James refused to eat his dinner. Now it's almost midnight on a school night. James is eating a third bowl of ice cream and tells his mother, "I'm not ready to go to bed yet. I want to watch more TV." James's mother says, "OK, honey, I'll watch with you for a while." Which one of the following parenting styles is James's mom displaying?

A) permissive
B) uninvolved
C) authoritative
D) authoritarian

Question 38

Three of the following are signs that a child is possibly the victim of abuse or neglect at home. Which one is least likely to be a sign of child abuse or neglect?

A) Low achievement test scores
B) A tendency to be overly trusting of strangers
C) Little sympathy for people who are distressed or in pain
D) Arriving at school without a jacket in snowy weather

Question 39

Carrie and Cassie are identical twins who are in the first grade. Ms. Lennox has not been successful in meeting with their parents. Which of the following is likely not the reason for their parents not meeting with their teacher? In the past six years they have virtually never been apart. You've been asked to recommend class placement for Carrie and Cassie. If you want what's best for the girls' personal development, which of the following recommendations will you make?

A) They both work long hours at their jobs.
B) They cannot find child care.
C) They have difficulty communicating in English.
D) They are not interested in hearing about their children's progress in school.

Question 40

Fourteen-year-old Liam has grown up as the only child in his family. Which one of the following characteristics is most likely to be true of Liam?

A) He hates his parents.
B) He gets good grades.
C) He has an overly high opinion of himself.
D) He always insists on getting his own way.

Question 41

Three of the following statements accurately describe youngsters who live in rural areas. Which one is false?

A) They may have a strong sense of cooperation and social cohesion within their community.
B) Teenagers in rural communities are more likely to abuse alcohol than teens in other settings.
C) On average, youngsters in rural settings have fewer productive outlets for recreation than their suburban peers.
D) Rural youngsters are more likely to participate in extracurricular sports than their peers in cities.

Question 42

What is not recommended to do in order to help children to achieve academic and social success?

A) Immerse yourself in community events.
B) Study anthropologists' reports.
C) Have a surface contact with another culture.
D) Reflect on your own upbringing.

Question 43

When considering children's and adolescents' cultural and ethnic backgrounds, it is important to keep in mind that:

A) Some youngsters may simultaneously be active participants in two or more cultural groups.
B) Youngsters' ethnic identities are almost always stronger than their need to "belong" to mainstream North American culture.
C) Youngsters' need to "belong" to mainstream North American culture is almost always stronger than their ethnic identities.
D) In the elementary grades, children typically have little conscious awareness that their backgrounds might be different from those of their classmates.

Question 44

Three of the teachers below are using strategies appropriate for a culturally diverse classroom. With the textbook's discussion of ethnic and cultural diversity in mind, identify the teacher who is probably not promoting the classroom success of some of her students.

A) Ms. Andreas forms small, multicultural groups in which students describe and compare their perspectives about a recent international conflict.
B) Ms. Boynton uses competitive activities to get all students motivated to do their best.
C) Ms. Champas explains that ethnic jokes are unacceptable in her classroom.
D) Ms. Delaney makes sure she presents both the American and Mexican views of the Mexican-American War.

Question 45

Thirteen-year-old Kikuko immigrated from Japan to Canada when she was six years old. She tells her friends, "I'm really proud to be Japanese. Japanese people are hard workers, but they're also very polite and cooperative." Such a statement suggests that Kikuko probably:

A) Has totally assimilated into Canadian culture
B) Has rejected Canadian culture
C) Has a strong ethnic identity
D) Associates only with peers who are also Japanese

Question 46

Children who immigrate to Western countries often have ethnic and cultural heritages that are very different from the customs and norms of mainstream Western culture. Research indicates that these children are most likely to be well-adjusted and high-achieving when they:

A) Retain certain aspects of their heritage but also learn Western ways of doing things
B) Model the behaviors of classmates rather than those of family members
C) Steadfastly hold on to their cultural heritage until they reach puberty
D) Adopt Western behaviors and values as quickly as possible

Question 47

The Tanaka family immigrated from Japan to the United States 25 years ago. Although they maintain the religious and cultural traditions of their homeland, they also show great enthusiasm for eating Thanksgiving dinner and hanging stockings for Santa Claus to fill at Christmas. This form of acculturation is known as:

A) rejection
B) assimilation
C) accommodation
D) selective adoption

Question 48

Three of the following depict challenges that children from low-income homes are likely to face. Which situation is least typical?

A) Terry is sometimes late for school because her father and mother are fighting about overdue bills and so are preoccupied when it is time to take her to school.
B) Trina is unable to attend school because her parents take her with them when they go on long car trips to visit family members in distant cities.
C) Timothy's asthma is exacerbated by pollution from a nearby chemical plant.
D) Thomas's only meal of the day is the free lunch he gets at school.

Question 49

Sixteen-year-old Jane describes a typical week for her: "Weekdays I get up early to take the bus to school. After school I usually go to drama club or else tutor kids at the after-school program in my old elementary school. On weekends I like to go to plays and musicals if I can afford it. Otherwise I just hang out with my friends. We stay indoors, because it's not safe to hang out on the street." Most likely Jane lives in a(n) _______ community.

A) rural
B) urban
C) suburban
D) privileged

Question 50

People who call themselves Hispanic come from a variety of countries, each of which has distinct customs and ways of viewing the world. This fact reflects the idea that:

A) An ethnic group may include a variety of cultures.
B) The term ethnic group ultimately has no real meaning.
C) Anthropologists differ in how they define the word culture.
D) A person's race is a good indicator of what his or her culture probably is.

Question 51

Carlos is the first member of his family to be born in the United States. Carlos's family and surrounding community have given him a deep grounding in traditional Mexican culture. Carlos's intense academic experiences at a private high school and top-tier U.S. business school have given Carlos a keen understanding of mainstream American society. Carlos is successful and at ease in both of these worlds. This form of acculturation is known as:

A) rejection
B) assimilation
C) selective adoption
D) a bicultural orientation

Question 52

When communicating with families who do not yet speak English fluently, which is not recommended?

A) Translate newsletters into the family's dominant language.
B) Seek the help of someone who can translate.
C) Correspond in the family's native language.
D) Speak to the families only in English.

Question 53

Elaine, a social worker, is visiting a potential foster home for 3-year-old Billy. She sees in her case file that the family income is what could generously be called "modest." Mr. and Mrs. Stiefer both hold graduate degrees. Mr. Stiefer recently left his lucrative research position due to a chronic health problem and is looking for a part-time position he can more easily handle. Mrs. Stiefer is a poorly paid assistant professor at a local college. As Elaine tours the home, she notes the presence of books, magazines, and periodicals of a serious nature. Most are related to the Stiefers' fields of study. She also sees that the cupboards are stocked with nutritious food and that the home is clean and safe. Based on this information, what should Elaine conclude about the Stiefers' socioeconomic status?

A) It is quite low because they don't make much money.
B) It is fairly low because Mrs. Stiefer works outside the home.
C) It is relatively high because both Mr. and Mrs. Stiefer are well educated and either have or did have prestigious jobs.
D) It is currently quite low but might become quite high if Mr. Stiefer finds a new job that pays well and taps into his area of expertise.

Question 54

Teachers who are successful at working with children and adolescents from diverse ethnic backgrounds typically:

A) Try very hard to be "color-blind," treating everyone in the same manner
B) Gently nudge their students toward adopting the cultural views of the dominant society
C) Learn about the practices and values of the cultures in which their students have been raised
D) In small-group activities, have students work as much as possible with classmates who share similar backgrounds

Question 55

Miss Simpson asks her students to bring in artifacts from home that show their family's history and traditions. Which of the following best describes what she is making use of with her students?

A) Assimilation
B) Bicultural orientation
C) Selective adoption
D) Funds of knowledge

Question 56

Research suggests that, in the United States, children from ethnic minority groups often have lower academic achievement when compared with children from the majority culture. Of the following, which one is not a likely reason for this disparity?

A) Children from minority groups experience environmental stresses associated with economic hardship.
B) Many teachers have low expectations for children from minority groups.
C) Children from minority groups selectively adopt customs of the majority culture rather than fully assimilate.
D) Children from minority groups have limited access to good schools and educational opportunities.

Question 57

A father worries that his chronically misbehaving son is receiving discipline at school that is too lenient. Without knowing anything else about this man, you might suspect that his cultural heritage is:

A) French
B) English
C) Chinese
D) Australian

Question 58

Ten-year-old Nailah was born in California, where she still lives. Both of her maternal grandparents are of African heritage. Her paternal grandmother is Native American and her paternal grandfather immigrated from France. With regard to ethnicity, Nailah would be considered a/an _______ child.

A) American
B) African American
C) Native American
D) multiethnic

Question 59

Acculturation occurs when immigrants:

A) Gradually take on the customs and values of their new culture
B) Express puzzlement about how people in their new culture behave
C) Refuse to abandon their own cultural traditions when living in a new culture
D) Experience feelings of rootlessness as a result of being immersed in a different culture

Question 60

The Hermann family immigrated from Germany to the United States three generations ago. The Hermanns have totally embraced the values and customs of the United States. The youngest generation of Hermanns does not speak or understand German. This form of acculturation is known as:

A) rejection
B) assimilation
C) selective adoption
D) a bicultural orientation

Question 61

Developmental Concepts in Early Childhood: As one of four children, Tawaia has had lots of time to interact with her siblings. Siblings are not vital to a healthy child development, but when they are present in a family, siblings often form close bonds with one another. Rivalry is also a common dynamic among siblings, and children often gain influential lessons in taking the perspective of other people through their (sometimes competitive) interactions with brothers and sisters.

Question 62

Three of the following strategies are effective with students from low-income families. Which one is unlikely to be effective?

A) Communicate clear expectations for students' behavior.
B) Find out what students do well and build on their strengths.
C) Show students how academic tasks are relevant to their personal lives.
D) Lower the standards by which you evaluate students' academic performance.

Question 63

The school principal tells you that Mary, a new student who just joined your classroom this morning, is currently living at a homeless shelter. Three of the following strategies are consistent with the textbook's recommendations for working with homeless students. Which one is not consistent with its recommendations?

A) Pair Mary with a classmate who can show her around the school building and introduce her to other students.
B) Find some school supplies that Mary can use to do her homework at the shelter.
C) Ask Mary's parents to meet with you in your classroom after school.
D) Enlist the aid of volunteers to provide tutoring for Mary at the shelter.

Question 64

Implications in Middle Childhood: Find out who children's parents and guardians are, and communicate often with them about children's academic progress and school adjustment. Model acceptance of various family structures, and do not tolerate children's name-calling about one another's families.

Question 65

All children experiences challenges as they grow up, but children from low-income families have more than their share.
a. Basing your response on the textbook's discussion of socioeconomic status, describe three different challenges that children from low-income families are apt to face that their more economically privileged peers do not face.
b. Identify three different teaching strategies that developmental theorists have identified as being especially beneficial for students from low-income families.
Developmental Trends Table
The table linked below describes family experiences of five children and adolescents. For each experience, the table identifies youngsters' developmental strengths, an implication for building on these strengths, or both. Apply what you've learned about working effectively with families to fill in the empty cells in the table.
Working Effectively with Families

CHAPTER 3 ANSWER KEY
Multiple Choice Questions

Question 66

The "melting pot" view of acculturation is gradually giving way to a "mosaic" view. Describe the basic beliefs associated with each of these views of acculturation. Then explain why many developmentalists prefer the mosaic view.

Question 67

Implications in Infancy: Talk with parents and other heads of family to learn how they care for infants' physical and social-emotional needs. Explain your own practices and your rationale for them and reassure families that you will gradually introduce new routines. Give infants plenty of time to adjust to practices that are very different from what they are accustomed to at home.

Question 68

Three of the following strategies should help promote a sense of community in the classroom. Which strategy is least likely to promote a sense of community?

A) Ask students to tutor children at younger grade levels.
B) Have students occasionally work in small cooperative groups.
C) Have students rotate certain classroom chores (e.g., feeding the class goldfish).
D) Publicly praise individual students who show high academic achievement.

Question 69

Teachers should keep in regular contact with parents about how their children are performing and progressing at school. Describe four different strategies that you might use to open and/or maintain lines of communication with children's parents.