Deck 11: Health Problems of Infants

Question 1

Which of the following vitamins is recommended for all women of childbearing age to reduce the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida?

A)A
B)C
C)Niacin
D)Folic acid

Answer 1

Folic acid

Question 2

An 8-year-old child is on a pure vegetarian (vegan) diet. This diet requires supplementation with which of the following?

A)Potassium
B)Folic acid
C)Vitamins D and B_l2
D)Vitamins C and E

Answer 2

Vitamins D and B_l2

Question 3

Although infants may be allergic to a variety of foods, the most common allergens are:

A)Fruit, eggs
B)Fruit, vegetables, wheat
C)Cow's milk, green vegetables
D)Eggs, cow's milk, wheat

Answer 3

Eggs, cow's milk, wheat

Question 4

An important nursing responsibility when dealing with a family experiencing the loss of an infant from sudden death syndrome would be which of the following?

A)Explain how sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) could have been predicted and prevented.
B)Interview parents in depth concerning the circumstances surrounding the child's death.
C)Discourage parents from making a last visit with the infant.
D)Make a follow-up home visit to parents as soon as possible after the child's death.

Question 5

After the introduction of the Back to Sleep campaign in 1992, an increased incidence has been noted of which of the following pediatric disorders.

A)SIDS
B)Torticollis
C)Failure to thrive
D)Apnea of infancy
E)Plagiocephaly

Question 6

Which of the following vitamins is administered prophylactically to all newborns to ensure adequate blood clotting?

A)A
B)K
C)Niacin
D)Folic acid

Question 7

Which of the following factors will decrease iron absorption and therefore should not be given at the same time as an iron supplement?

A)Milk
B)Multivitamin
C)Fruit juice
D)Meat, fish, poultry

Question 8

Rickets is caused by a deficiency in:

A)Vitamin A.
B)Vitamin C.
C)Vitamin D and calcium.
D)Folic acid and iron.

Question 9

Which of the following is an important nursing consideration when caring for an infant with failure to thrive?

A)Establish a structured routine, which is followed consistently.
B)Maintain a nondistracting environment by not speaking to child during feeding.
C)Place child in an infant's seat during feedings to prevent overstimulation.
D)Limit sensory stimulation and play activities to alleviate fatigue.

Question 10

Which of the following terms refers to the return of undigested food from the stomach, usually accompanied by burping?

A)Spitting up
B)Vomiting
C)Rumination
D)Regurgitation

Question 11

Recent studies indicate that a deficiency of which of the following vitamins correlates with increased morbidity and mortality in children with measles?

A)A
B)C
C)Niacin
D)Folic acid

Question 12

Which of the following vitamins increases the absorption of iron?

A)A
B)C
C)D
D)Biotin

Question 13

Clinical manifestations of nonorganic failure to thrive include which of the following?

A)Avoidance of eye-to-eye contact
B)An associated malabsorption defect
C)Weight that falls below the 15th percentile
D)Normal achievement of developmental landmarks

Question 14

The nurse is helping parents achieve a more nutritionally adequate vegetarian diet for their children. Which of the following is most likely lacking in their particular diet?

A)Fat
B)Protein
C)Vitamins C and A
D)Complete protein

Question 15

Lactose intolerance is diagnosed in a 14-month-old child. Which of the following should the nurse recommend as a substitute for milk?

A)Yogurt
B)Ice cream
C)Fortified cereal
D)Cow's milk formula

Question 16

Parent guidelines for relieving colic in an infant include which of the following?

A)Avoid touching abdomen.
B)Avoid using a pacifier.
C)Change infant's position frequently.
D)Place infant where family cannot hear the crying.

Question 17

Which of the following is an appropriate action when an infant becomes apneic?

A)Shake vigorously.
B)Roll head side to side.
C)Hold by feet upside down with head supported.
D)Gently stimulate trunk by patting or rubbing.

Question 18

A parent of an infant with colic tells the nurse, "All this baby does is scream at me; it is a constant worry." The nurse's best action is which of the following?

A)Encourage parent to verbalize feelings.
B)Encourage parent not to worry so much.
C)Assess parent for other signs of inadequate parenting.
D)Reassure parent that colic rarely lasts past age 9 months.

Question 19

Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend as a good source of potassium for a child receiving diuretics?

A)Carrots
B)Bananas
C)Dairy products
D)Dark green vegetables

Question 20

Marasmus is which of the following?

A)Deficiency of protein with an adequate supply of calories
B)Not confined to geographic areas where food supplies are inadequate
C)Syndrome that results solely from vitamin deficiencies
D)Characterized by thin, wasted extremities and a prominent abdomen resulting from edema (ascites)